Technology is not inherently good or bad, but can have both beneficial and harmful effects depending on how it is used. While technology can enhance and facilitate many human activities, it also introduces new challenges. Excessive use of technology by children and adults can negatively impact social skills, relationships, health, and focus. However, responsible and moderate use allows technology to empower users and improve areas like access to information, education, and communication. Overall, a balanced perspective is needed to maximize the upsides of technology while mitigating potential downsides.

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Is Technology Innocent?
Sami-ud-Din
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Sami.uddin@Riphah.edu.pk
00923335952403

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4. Technology in the 21st Century
Role and Importance
• Technology performs actions in the world that are part of the processes and outcomes of
human affairs.
• Some actions are optional for the operator; others are mandated by the technology, or
perhaps by other technical systems to which the system in question is answerable.
• Some human actions can be performed without the participation of technology, but for
pragmatic reasons are not. Other human actions require the participation of
technologies.
• Technologies thereby respond to action, intervene with their own acts, make requests for
action, receive requests for action, make demands on others, and receive demands from
others. (as we observe in video games) 12/8/2019 4

5. Technology in the 21st Century
Role and Importance
• Technology might be held to account for its actions against instrumental criteria
which compare the technology’s actions with human will for instrumental action.
• Where human will or human purposes are not faithfully executed by a technology,
the technology might be held to be deficient in some way – to be slow, inefficient,
faulty, costly, liable to error, difficult to use, and so forth.
• Technology not only acts to implement the will of the operator or the designer.
Rather, the technology facilitates the will of the operator and designer. 1
12/8/20191. B. Nardi, Ed., Context and Consciousness: Activity Theory and Human Computer Interaction. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press, 1995, pp. 17-44. 5

6. Role of Clinical Technology
• Clinical technology can be declared as electronic version of the patient where
patient history, medical tests, previous prescription and other necessary documents are held by
it before the doctor. Clinical technology on one hand facilitates both the doctor and
the patient while on the other hand becomes hurdle and an obstacle between patient and the
doctor and may become an annoying factor that badly shape the behavior of a doctor especially
in the case where the doctor or the operator/ lab technician does not know the proper use of
the technology or where the available technology is outdated and ill-functioning.
• Clinical technology can make the doctor a better doctor, by checking the varieties of
drug inter-actions, or suggesting the current best practice for a treatment.
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7. Being without technology
is unethical
• Indeed, it is now quite likely to be unethical as well as
impractical for a doctor to practice without a computer, an
accountant to practice without a spreadsheet, or a
salesperson to practice without a mobile telephone, a
university teacher without multimedia and a lab technician
without a micro-scope.
• The stronger claim that humans and technologies
act and co-shape one another’s actions in
performance.2
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2. D.G. Johnson and T.M. Powers, “Computers as surrogate agents,” in Ethicomp 2004: Challenges for the Citizen of the Information Society.
Proc. Seventh Int.l Conf., T.W. Bynum, N. Pouloudi, S. Rogerson, and T. Spyrou, Eds. (Syros, Greece), Apr. 14 to 16, 2004. vol. 2. Syros, Greece:
Univ. of the Aegean, 2004, pp. 422-435. 7

8. Proponents’Arguments
1- Technology is not human:
Technology is not human. A priori, only humans may be held to be morally
accountable for their actions.
2- The dumb instrument argument.
The actions of technology may be the immediate cause of harm,
but the Technology is created and operated by humans. The creators
and operators are responsible for the action of the
Technology, not the Technology itself.
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9. 3- The free will argument
Technology is deterministic. That is, it has no will, and it is not free to choose its
actions. Without this freedom there can be no moral responsibility.
4- The right mind argument
Technology has no knowledge of the wider circumstances in which they act, or of
the consequences of their actions, and cannot reasonably be expected to have an
awareness of these contexts or consequences. To be held accountable for the
consequences of an action, a computer system must have the capacity to foresee
these consequences.
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10. 5- The dilution of responsibility argument
• Technology is ill-defined, is not a discrete entity, has no clear boundaries
in space and time, and its extensive constituent elements and boundaries
are not clearly evident. Responsibility that is located everywhere is located
nowhere.
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technology is an instrument that faithfully translates the instructions of its designers and operators into action

11. When there was no
technologeeeeeeee…..
• In primitive societies, children learn from natural cycles of
life.
• They watch adults manifest food from the ground,
observe how usable goods are fashioned from raw
materials, and watch how other provisions are made for
basic needs and enjoyment.
• They listen to stories at mealtime and ceremonial
gatherings, which are told by elders who care about
maintaining standards for the survival of their community.
3
12/8/20193. The Discovery of Self, page 125 11

12. Cartoons shape
our Children’s psychology • Excessive watching cartoon make
children captivated with fast paced,
highly stimulating, sexualized, and
violent material.
• Causes addiction to excitement due
to which children lose realistic grasp
on the threat of danger.
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13. If parents and teachers
want to mend
• Causes family disintegration. Children’s
meal and study timings severely disturb. If
parents or teachers want to mend them,
they feel anxious.
• Children usually go on a distant position
from their parents. To bring them back
from the distant place sometimes
becomes difficult for parents and
teachers.
• So do not let your children to go
distantly from the position you want by
watching fantastic cartoons and
dramas.
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14. Consequences of taking children to unnatural
levels of stimulation
• Children become unable to develop their
own natural motivation and ability to
create, explore their personal and unique
Inner Worlds.
• They always look for the external stimulus
to excite them for work ……….. Like
students think using Facebook or
twitter for an hour make them energetic
to study for exams.
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16. Psychological
demerits of Cartoons Watching
• Cartoons and movies expose young
minds to so much violence, out-of-
context sex, and a general lack of
sympathy.
• Children learn to get one over on the
next guy, to win at the expense of all
else. Causes cut throat competition
instead of co-operation. 12/8/2019 16

17. Excessive use of technology by children
• Through technology, children are given an
acceptable way to avoid social contact with
others family members, relatives and friends.
•‫بھی‬ ‫دن‬ ‫کا‬ ‫عید‬‫ٹک‬ ‫تر‬ ‫زیادہ‬‫نالوجی‬‫کے‬
‫استعمال‬‫گزرتاہے۔‬ ‫میں‬
• High-tech children behaved for appearing quiet
and compliant.
•‫اگرک‬ ‫والدین‬ ‫ہیں۔۔۔۔۔۔۔‬ ‫لگتے‬ ‫سے‬ ‫سم‬ ‫بچےگم‬ ‫کے‬ ‫قسم‬ ‫اس‬‫وئی‬
‫۔۔۔‬ ‫ہیں‬ ‫دیتے‬ ‫جواب‬ ‫میں‬ ‫دوالفاظ‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫تو‬ ‫پوچھے‬ ‫بھی‬ ‫سوال‬‫۔۔۔۔۔‬
‫س‬ ‫کے‬ ‫ان‬ ‫بچے‬ ‫کے‬ ‫ان‬ ‫کہ‬ ‫ہیں‬ ‫کرتے‬ ‫شکایت‬ ‫یہ‬ ‫والدین‬ ‫لہذا‬‫اتھ‬
‫ہیں‬ ‫بولتے‬ ‫ہی‬ ‫کم‬ ‫بہت‬
• Thus their social and coping skills are
diminished.
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18. The world of
High Tech Spouses
• The excessive use of technology by the spouses leads to a
fragmentary understanding
of love between them. Each life partner needs a
proper attention and praise in his/her emotional worlds.
While technology divides this kind of praise and
encouragement. That is why families soon disintegrate.
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19. High Tech Leads to Social
Disintegration • Witness how so many couples begin with
romance and passionate love, similar to
an enjoyable movie, but after a few
months, end up taking so much from the
other or taking their partner for granted.
• Unconditional love must be the
foundation and the building blocks of
daily living within any relationship or it
will disintegrate.4
12/8/20194. The Discovery of Self, page 125 19

20. Technology is Morally
not Neutral
• A technology is not morally
neutral.
• It embodies a set of values, a
framework and an ideology.
• Technologies include intellectual
technologies, such as cataloging
and indexing, and software
technologies, such as search
engines, meta-searchers and
subject directories on the
Internet. 12/8/2019 20

21. Technology is Morally not Neutral
• These pseudo-intellectual
technologies, such as search
engines and meta-searchers,
are not morally neutral and
how they incline users to
unethical use.5
5. Thomas J. Froehlich: Implications of the Non-neutrality of such Intellectual Technologies as Information Architecture and
Knowledge Management 21

22. Kinds of Information Technology
1.Texting
2.Use of cell phones
3.Social Media such as Facebook and My Space
4.Twitter and related offshoots
5.Email
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23. Kinds of Information Technology
6. Gaming
7. Instant messaging
8. Internet
9. Virtual worlds such as Second Life
10.Web 2.0 to include items such as blogs and wikis
11.Skype and other offshoots
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Haramful Effects of
Information Technology
‫ہے‬‫دلوں‬‫کے‬‫لئے‬‫موت‬‫مشینوں‬
‫کی‬‫حکومت‬
‫کو‬ ‫مروت‬ ‫و‬ ‫احساس‬‫کچل‬
(ؒ‫)اقبال‬

25. 1- Safety Concerns
• The use of cell phones while operating a motor vehicle, for example,
has reached crisis proportions.
• Especially concerning is the use of texting while driving. The Capital
Traffic Police and NHA have banned using Mobile for texting or
calling while driving.
• The new research has found that when drivers text, they are 23 times
as likely to be involved in a crash or close call.
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26. 2- Privacy
• Through modern information technologies, we are indeed visible to the whole
world.
• How will this information about us be used? The question is that will it be used to
control or empower us?
• What about the ethical status of Machine Readable Passport (MRP) and Smart
Card?
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27. 3- Environmental Pollution
• High speed Music on the roads and streets has
polluted the healthy environment of our
surroundings.
• Similarly the use of loudspeakers in Masajid for
un-necessary movements except Azan and Juma
Khutba has disturbed the quietness of our streets.
• The smoke emitting from the silencers of vehicles
and from the huge industries has polluted our
healthy and natural environment.
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28. 4-Detracting
• Information technology is such
detracting that if you sit for surfing
data for your research topic or for
preparing your lecture or searching for
the best practice in the field of
medicines, it detracts you by sending
such kinds of messages and
advertisements that you soon leave
your aim for what you were intended
and you start surfing something
unnecessary and lessuseful.
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29. 5- Medical Side Effects
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Working at a computer can cause back, neck and shoulder pains, headache, eyestrain and
overuse injuries of the arms and hands.
You can help avoid computer-related injuries with proper furniture, better posture and
good working habits.
Parents should put sensible time limits on their children’s computer use and video-game
playing.
Your child should take regular breaks from using a computer and should do some
physical activities each d

30. 6- The discourteous use of Electronic,
Print and Social Media
We all have our own stories about being
interrupted by others’ discourteous use of
Electronic, Print and Social media. It seems
that no place is sacred anymore from these
distractions. You can go to restaurants,
Masajids, sports events, Wedding Ceremonies,
and even public bathrooms, and see people
disrupt what used to be private occasions.
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Technology robs children of their innocence in many overt and covert ways.

31. 7- Relationships
• As we communicate more and more electronically, a related
concern is that we will lose valuable, face-to-face,
communication skills.
• A new research study is found that face-to-face interaction
skills are terribly important to executive success. Using
sensors to measure these interactions, the researchers
underscored their results with the following comment:
• “We think face time with colleagues is vital,
as much as 2.5 times as important to success
as additional access to information.”
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M
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32. 8- Electronic communication causes Losing
Face to Face skills
• The concern about losing face-to-face skills is especially true with young people
who may never have had the opportunity to have developed these skills in the first
place. Are we breeding a population of young people that will feel more
comfortable communicating electronically, and therefore, lose the ability to be
effective in face-to face encounters?
• Face Reading and concluding intentions of humans playing very important role in
organizational behavior…… what about electronic interaction in which parties are
thousands of miles away from each others? 6
12/8/20196. Peter S. DeLisi 2008, Santa Clara University: The Harmful Effects of Social Networks and Other Electronic Media 32

33. 9- High Tech vs. Low Tech People
• According to a new research studies, people who are heavy media
multitaskers do not pay attention, cannot control their memory or cannot
switch easily from one job to another as adeptly as low-tech people who
concentrate on one job at a time.
• An article in the September, 2009 issue of the Harvard Business Review,
“Death by Information Overload,” cites a study by Microsoft researchers
indicating that people took an average of nearly 25 minutes to return to a
work task after an email interruption.
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34. 10- Overloaded information causes anxiety
• Human beings have limited ability to absorb
information before feeling the effects of
information anxiety. Therefore they should not be
overloaded by information…….. Overloading
information causes different kinds of anxiety.
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35. 11- Information Fatigue Syndrome
• According to Lewis, “This term refers to the data smog that we encounter
daily that ultimately interferes with our sleep, concentration, and even affects
our immune system.”
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36. 12- Internet Affective Disorder (IAD)
• Internet addiction generally include spending a lot of time on the Internet,
an inability to cut back on usage and symptoms of withdrawal that include
boredom, anxiety or irritability after a few days of not going online.
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37. 13- Facebook Users’ Survey
• a survey conducted on 4,000 Facebook users. Of this population, nearly 60%
reported that they checked posts in the bathroom, 15% checked it in Classes,
and 11% had hidden the fact that they were checking it from spouse or other
family member.
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38. 14- TV Dramas and Indian films
• The PTV dramas are not representing our culture. These dramas are promoting
elite class culture in the country. Similarly Indian/English films have destroyed our
culture. Our children are using Hindi words in their conversations.
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