The document describes an IoT-based smart irrigation system project. The system uses sensors to measure soil moisture, temperature and water levels. It sends this sensor data to an ESP32 microcontroller which controls a water pump based on the readings and plant requirements. This allows remote monitoring and control of irrigation. The system aims to save water and labor costs while improving crop yields through more efficient irrigation management.

1. Irrigation System Based IoT
THE CAIN PROJECT
Supervisor: Dr. Wajdi BELLIL
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Hamad Hassan Al Hindi 442140308
Mohammed Al Mutawa 442144394
Mohammed Al Balawi 442144393
Mohannad Al Juhani 442144392
College of technical training in Tabuk
Department of Electrical Engineering

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Content
1 • Project Scope
2 • Problem Statement
3 • Objectives
4 • Previous works
5 • System Design
6 • Components
7 • Project Management
• Conclusion

3. 3
Project Scope
 Agriculture is the most important and worshipped
occupation in the world.
 Smart Irrigation helps to the development of agricultural
country.
 Water is main resource for Agriculture. Irrigation is one
method to supply water.
 In the irrigation process people are wasting water more by
missing the timings.
 So to save water and time we have a excellent method called
Smart irrigation system.

4. 4
Problem Statement
 Irrigation is the most significant cultural practice and most
labor intensive task in daily agriculture operation.
 Manual irrigation system depends on the observation of the
farmer who decides when and how much water flow through
channels should be started.
 So, knowing when and how much to water are the two
important aspects of irrigation.

5. 5
Project description
 The proposed project is about a device that can remotely
control over internet the water flow to the plant that can be
used by the farmer.
 This project is mainly to detect, measure and record the
temperature, and the soil humidity.
 These records will be processed by a microcontroller based
on plant require and will be sent over internet to a cloud
system.

6. 6
Project description
 Based on actual values of temperature, soil humidity and
plant requirement the water pump will be turned on or off.
 A level sensor is used to detect the water level in the tank, if
the water level is at minimum value the microcontroller start
the water pump and when the level is at its maximum the
water pump is stopped.
 Also, we propose a manual mode for irrigation based on
sensors value, the farmer can turn on or off the water pump.

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Project Benefits
 There are diverse benefits associated with IoT systems in
irrigation and some of them might be considered as:
 overall water consumption reduction,
 high cost-efficiency,
 high performance efficiency,
 lesser energy consumption,
 lesser wastage of crops,
 and more...

8. 8
Related Works
A low-cost information monitoring system for smart
farming applications based GSM.
 Authors propose a low-cost, low-power, and low data-rate
solution to fulfill the requirements of information monitoring
for actual large-scale agricultural farms based on GSM.

9. 9
Related Works
A wireless underground sensor network field pilot for
agriculture and ecology
 In this work authors propose to use a Wireless Underground
Sensor Networks (WUSNs) that collect geospatial in situ
sensor data are a backbone of internet-of-things (IoT)
applications for agriculture and terrestrial ecology.

10. 10
Related Works
IoT-Enabled Smart Agriculture: Architecture,
Applications, and Challenges
 In this work authors present
a survey of IoT solutions and
demonstrates how IoT can be
integrated into the smart
agriculture sector.

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Related Works
A Mobile Greenhouse Environment Monitoring System
Based on the Internet of Things
 Authors introduced an IoT-based
greenhouse environmental
monitoring system for multipoint
monitoring in large greenhouses.

12. System Design
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13. Components: ESP32
 ESP32 has Xtensa® Dual-Core 32-bit LX6 microprocessors,
which runs up to 600 DMIPS.
 The ESP32 will run on breakout boards and modules
from 160Mhz upto 240MHz .
 That is very good speed for anything that requires a
microcontroller with connectivity options.
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14. Components: ESP32
specification
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 Operating Voltage: 3.3V
 Input Voltage: 3.3V~5.5V
 Support Low-Power: 2mA
 Processor: Tensilica LX6 dual-core processor 240MHz
 SRAM: 520KB
 Flash: 32Mbit
 Wi-Fi Protocol: 802.11 b/g/n/d/e/i/k/r
 Frequency Range: 2.4~2.5 GHz
 Bluetooth Protocol
 Operating Current: 80mA（Average）
 On-chip Clock: 40MHz crystal, 32.768KHz crystal
 Digital I/O x10（Arduino default）
 Analog Input x5（Arduino default）
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15. Components: Soil moisture
sensor
 Soil moisture sensors typically refer to sensors that estimate
volumetric water content.
 A typical soil moisture sensor consists of two parts:
 The Probe: . It acts as a variable resistor, with resistance
varying according to soil moisture.
 The Module: Generates an output voltage based on the
resistance of the probe, which is available at an Analog
Output (AO) pin.
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16. Components: Soil moisture
sensor
 The soil moisture sensor operates in a straight forward manner.
 The fork-shaped probe with two exposed conductors acts as a
variable resistor whose resistance varies with the soil’s
moisture content.
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 This resistance varies inversely
with soil moisture:
 The more water in the soil, the
better the conductivity and the
lower the resistance.
 The less water in the soil, the lower
the conductivity and thus the higher
the resistance.

17. Components: Temperature
sensor
 DS18B20 Waterproof Temperature Sensor is a digital sensor
which can reach the digital data resolution up to 12 bits and has
±0.5°C accuracy from -10°C to +85°C.
 It includes an analog-to-digital converter to convert the analog
signal to the digital output with the resolution up to 12 bits.
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18. Components: Water level
sensor
 The water level sensor is a device that measures the liquid level
in a fixed container that is too high or too low.
 According to the method of measuring the liquid level, it can
be divided into two types:
 Contact type,
 Non-contact type.
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19. Components: Water level
sensor
 The water level sensor module has the following features and
specifications:
 Operating Voltage: 3.3V to 5V DC
 Operating Current: 15mA
 Output Digital - 0V to 5V, Adjustable trigger level
 Output Analog - 0V to 5V
 LEDs indicating output and power
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20. Components: LCD
 A 20x4 LCD means it can display 20 characters per line and
there are 4 such lines.
 I2C LCD display has total of 4 pins are:
 SDA is the serial data pin
 SCL is the clock pin.
 The rest 2 pins for power supply (Vcc and ground).
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21. Components: Water pump
 12 Volt water pump is a dc electric water pump motor that
powered by a 12V direct current power supply.
 It use centrifugal force that generated by high speed rotated
impeller to booster, transfer, lift or circulate liquids like water,
oil, coolant etc.
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22. Used Components:
Solenoid Valve
 A solenoid has an electromagnetically inductive coil (A)
around an iron core at the center called the plunger
(E).
 At rest, it can be normally open (NO) or normally
closed (NC).
 In the de-energized state, a normally open valve is
open and a normally closed valve is closed.
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23. Components: 5V Relay
 The 5V relay module can be used to control a load such as a
lighting system, motor, or solenoid.
 It can also be used to switch AC or DC voltages.
 The maximum voltage and current that the 5V relay module
can control is dependent on the specifications of the relay.
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24. Project management
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25. Project Budget
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Item Price (SR)
ESP 32 79
Support ESP32 15
Soil moisture sensor 59
Temperature sensor 23
Water Level sensor 36
LCD display 55
5V Relay 46
Water Pump 120
Fan 20
12V Battery 75
Dupon wire for Arduino M-M 20
Dupon wire for Arduino M-F 20
Solenoid valve 120
Total 688

26. Results & Discussion
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27. Results & Discussion
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28. Results & Discussion
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29. Conclusion
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 We have successfully designed a sensor based smart irrigation
system with the capabilities of remote monitoring and
controlling of water usage in the agriculture field using IoT.
 The system consists of a microcontroller (Node MCU), sensors
(soil moisture, temperature, water level sensor), and irrigation
of a water pump with a decision-making system.
 Sensors are linked to a Wi-Fi module (Node MCU) and are
interdependent to provide increased sensitivity to the irrigation
system.

30. Conclusion
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 The data obtained should be uploaded to the cloud (Blynk) and
will be presented in the form of graphs accessible via the
website or phone application.
 This IoT based smart irrigation system uses minimum human
efforts and permits the user to monitor and control the wet of
the soil to the crop in an efficient and economic way.
 It can also:
 improve irrigation ways,
 increase productivity,
 ensure effective uses of restricted resources,
 decrease implementation and maintenance

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