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The Iranian revolution of 1979 quickly transformed from a popular uprising against a tyrant into a religious dictatorship led by Ruhollah Khomeini. Khomeini consolidated power by eliminating opponents, winning 99% of the vote for a new constitution that gave him unlimited authority as supreme leader. He purged universities, newspapers, and other institutions of "un-Islamic" elements and ordered executions of over 1,600 people who opposed the new regime by 1981. In November 1979, Iranian protesters also overran the U.S. embassy in Tehran and took hostages, only releasing them in January 1981 after demands from Khomeini were met.






















