The document discusses several key topics related to intellectual property and patents. It defines intellectual property and outlines the importance of IP. It also describes the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its role in establishing standards and resolving disputes related to intellectual property rights. The document discusses patent systems, including what can and cannot be patented, the patent application process, rights and obligations of patent holders, and challenges related to patents.

1. I MID REVISION

2.  Intellectual property means __________ (CREATION OF MINDS)
 WTO stands for _______________________ (WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION)
 WTO was established in the year _______ (1995)
 GATT stands for _________________(General agreement on Tariff and Trade)
 WTO was established after the _______ Round (Uruguay)
 DSB refers to ___________________ (Dispute settlement Body)
 Intellectual Property council is __________ level of authority (Third)
 The first level of authority in WTO is ____________ (Ministerial conference)
 The principle of decision making in WTO is based on ___________ (Consensus)
 MFN refers to _______________________ (Most favoured nation)
 Which is not a principle of trade agreement? Discrimination, Freer trade,
Transparency, Fair competition
 TPRM refers to ________________ (Trade policy review mechanism)
 Trade policies are reviewed once in _________ years ( 4 years for developing
countries and 2 years for developed countries)
 TRIPS stands for _____________(Trade related aspects of Intellectual Property
Rights)
 Which is not an intellectual property as per TRIPS ( patent, copyright, Industrial
layout, Trade secrets)

3.  How many ministerial conferences were held so far (12)
 Which is not covered by plant patent? (New variety, extant variety,
Farmers variety, Existing variety)
 How many years of protection available for extant variety (15 years)
 How many years of protection available for trees? (18 years)
 Patent sharks are (Inventors, Imitators, Illegal business)
 Distribution of modified open source software is called as
_______________ (copyleft)
 Which right is not provided in the open source software? (Access,
Modify, Distribute, Patent the modified)
 Bio piracy is (Legal, Illegal, Recognized, Unrecognized)
 The patent followed in India is enacted during the year _________(1970)
 Which section deals with grant of patents ?Sec 43
 FER stands for ________________(First Examination Report)
 Invention does not include (Product, Process, Literary Work )

4.  Which is not in the list of non patentable products? (Computer
algorithms, Drugs, Frivolous inventions, Horticulture)
 Which type of patent enjoys higher rights ? (Product patent)
 The single sentences that mention the use of the invention in
patent specification is called _____(Claims)
 The state of the art prevalent before the invention is called
__________ (Prior art)
 Which is not an essential condition for an invention to be a
patent ? (Novelty, Industrial Application, Marketing approval,
Ownership)
 PCT refers to ______________(Patent Cooperation Treaty
 CBR refers to __________(Cash book receipt)
 The aspect of patent related to time period is called
______(Temporal) The time period of a patent is restricted to
_______ years (20 years)
 EMR refers to ______________(Exclusive Marketing rights)

5.  How many years of marketing rights available to patentee? (5 years)
 Who is the authority to grant patents and approve the patent
application? (Controller of Patent)
 Which is not a ground of opposition? (Prior publication, Lack of inventive
step, Competition, Non patentability)
 Infringement refers to _________ (Using the patented application without
permission)
 Injunction refers to ________ (Restraining or stopping)
 Transfer of full rights of patent to another person is called
_________(Assignment)
 Transfer of rights of patent to one or more person or company without
transferring ownership is called _________ (License)
 The patent transfer through license is eligible to get __________(Royalty)
 Ever greening of patent means ________(Extending patent beyond 20
years)
 Surrender of patent is made for which of the reasons(inability to
commercialise, unable to pay fees, Strong opposition) (All)

6.  Definition and importance of Intellectual property (Intellectual
property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions;
literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and
images used in commerce.
The importance is a. High paying jobs b. Economic growth c.
Protect consumers d. Solution to global challenges e. Reward for
innovation and entrepreneurship)
 Dispute Settlement Process (solving the issues between two
countries, Steps are consultation,Panel Establishment,Panel
examination, report presentation, Adopt or appeal report,
Implementation and Retaliation)
 Agreement on TRIPS : Trade related aspects of Intellectual
Property Rights 1995. The features of agreement are Standards,
Enforcement and Dispute Settlement.
The scope of the act covers patent, copyright, trade secrets,
industrial design, layout of integrated circuit, geographical
indications

7.  Emerging issues in IPR : a. AI and Ml b. Digital
Technologies C. Knowledge economy
d. Globalisation e. Public interest f. Economic growth
 Patent Sharks : Inventors who offer the invention for
license and later sue for unuathorized usage. Case:
Intel and Intergraph Mechanism – Hide-seek-sue
Consequence – Injunction and damage
 Open Source Movement; Right to use software
uploaded in open platforms. Rights are – Right to
access, Right to modify, right to be aware, right of
distribution, copyleft.
It is evidential for its use in library, educational
institutions, government, healthcare and military

8.  History of patents: (A patent is an exclusive right which is
granted by the Government for an invention, for a limited time
period)
Evolution has three stages such as Colonization-Post
independence - globalization
 Inventions that are not patentable: (frivolous, against public
morality, mere discovery, mixtures , duplication, computer
programs, mental act, horticulture, agriculture, atomic
inventions, Medicinal and surgical methods, Biological process
that reproduces)
 Steps in filing patents(Search of patents, patent specification and
application, patent publication, patent examination, grant of
patents)
E filing stages include registration using digital signature, login, fill
the forms and make payments
The patent is granted only when it is – novel, ownership, industrial
application, prior date, Exclusion, not disclosed earlier

9.  Rights of Patentee : Exclusive right , exploit, transfer,
surrender, grant license, sue for infringement)
Obligations are duty to disclose, respond to opposition and
clear , pay fees)
 Transfer and Infringement of Patents : Transfer refers
giving the rights of patent to others. Forms of transfer are
Assignment, License and act of law.
Infringement refers to misuse of patent rights without
obtaining permission. The types are direct infringement,
indirect infringement and wilful infringement. The
remedies permanent or temporary injunction and
damages.
 Challenges in Patents : Software patent, Ever greening of
patents, Financial issues, Awareness issues, Delay in
getting patent, cost of patent, competition or cooperation