3. ABSTRACT
• ABSTRACT
In order to aid people in their vehicles fuel theft detection. This project would turn ON
a buzzer. Also, it would send data over IOT to a website whenever someone is trying to steal fuel
from any vehicle. The Internet of Things (IoT) exchange data with the help of sensors,
electronics, software, and connectivity. These systems do not require any human interaction. IoT
Technology is found in many industries like healthcare, Energy, Transportation, etc. We have
used a level sensor that will detect the level of fuel in the vehicle. This reading is sent to the
microcontroller. At the same time, the microcontroller, as programmed, would compare the
reading from the sensor to the value set as the threshold. If the value is less than the threshold
value, the microcontroller would turn the buzzer ON. In order to prevent the buzzer to be
turned ON while driving, we have used the ignition lock as the trigger to this project. When the
keys are inserted in the ignition lock, the project would be de-activated. The project would be
activated as soon as the keys are removed.
5. • INTRODUCTION
• Vehicle Petrol theft is one of the main concerns of many bike
owners and car owners. Many times, we have heard or some of
us have already faced that petrol from their bike or cars has
been stolen. The bike owner or car owner is unaware about the
fuel theft. When he rides bike next time because of fuel
thefting he have to face lot of problems. To avoid such
problem Digital Fuel Meter and antitheft system should be
implemented in vehicle. In this system we used the
microcontroller Arduino as the main part when the theft
occurred and buzzer will start to indicate that fuel get theft all
this process is real time so that more accurate and secure.
While implementing the model, we are improvised to the
present vehicle security system. This project aims to use the
monitor security of fuel.
6. • PROPOSED SYSTEM
• Nowadays public faced so many problems with respect to vehicles, such as the
fuel digital metering system will show the fuel in bar or deflection needle, so we
cannot analyze the exact amount of fuel presence in the fuel tank by bar and
deflection of needle system which showed in fuel metering. Nowadays requirement
of fuel is so very high due to number of vehicles are increased. Due to this reason
cost of the fuel is also increased especially petrol, because of this reason thefting of
fuel is also increased. If fuel is stolen owners don’t have any information about that.
One of the main problem that is fuel mafia in petrol bunks, when public go to bunks
to fill the fuel we are all get cheated. When we tell to fill fuel of 2 litres or 3 litres,
we never got exact 2 or 3 litres. These are the problems we are all faced in our
system.
7. • POWER SUPPLY
A power supply is an electronic device that supplies electric energy to an electrical
load. The primary function of a power supply is to convert one form of electrical
energy to another and, as a result, power supplies are sometimes referred to
as electric power converters. Some power supplies are discrete, stand-alone devices,
whereas others are built into larger devices along with their loads. Examples of the
latter include power supplies found in desktop computers and consumer
electronics devices.
8. • TRANSFORMER
A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits. A
varying current in one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux, which, in turn, induces a
varying electromotive force across a second coil wound around the same core. Electrical energy can be
transferred between the two coils, without a metallic connection between the two circuits. Faraday's law of
induction discovered in 1831 described the induced voltage effect in any coil due to changing magnetic flux
encircled by the coil. Transformers are used for increasing or decreasing the alternating voltages in electric
power applications, and for coupling the stages of signal processing circuits. Since the invention of the first
constant-potential transformer in 1885, transformers have become essential for the transmission,
distribution, and utilization of alternating current electric power. A wide range of transformer designs is
encountered in electronic and electric power applications. Transformers range in size from RF transformers
less than a cubic centimeter in volume, to units weighing hundreds of tons used to interconnect the power
grid.
9. • ARDUINO
• Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and user community that designs
and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices. Its
products are licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) or the GNU General Public
License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and software distribution by anyone. Arduino
boards are available commercially in preassembled form or as do-it-yourself (DIY) kits.
• Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers. The boards are equipped
with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards
('shields') or breadboards and other circuits. The boards feature serial communications interfaces,
including Universal Serial Bus (USB) on some models, which are also used for loading programs from
personal computers. The microcontrollers can be programmed using C and C++ programming languages. In
addition to using traditional compiler toolchains, the Arduino project provides an integrated development
environment (IDE) based on the Processing language project.
10. ARCHITECTURE
• Here Architecture is of Arduino or precisely the IC of Arduino (ATmega328p).
The ATmega328/P is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on
the AVR® enhanced RISC (reduced instruction set computer) architecture. In Order
to maximize performance and parallelism, the AVR uses Harvard architecture –
with separate memories and buses for program and data. Instruction in the program
memory are executed with a single level of pipelining. The clock is controlled by an
external 16MHz Crystal Oscillator.
11. • LCD
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, or
video display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid
crystals do not emit light directly.
LCDs are available to display arbitrary images (as in a general-purpose computer
display) or fixed images which can be displayed or hidden, such as preset words,
digits, and 7-segment displays as in a digital clock. They use the same basic
technology, except that arbitrary images are made up of a large number of small
pixels, while other displays have larger elements.
12. • LED
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a pn-
junction diode, which emits light when activated.]When a suitable voltage is
applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the
device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called
electroluminescence, and the color of the light is determined by the energy band
gap of the semiconductor.
13. • BUZZER
• High frequency crystals are often designed to operate at third, fifth, or seventh
overtones. Manufacturers have difficulty producing crystals thin enough to produce
fundamental frequencies over 30 MHz To produce higher frequencies,
manufacturers make overtone crystals tuned to put the 3rd, 5th, or 7th overtone at
the desired frequency, because they are thicker and therefore easier to manufacture
than a fundamental crystal that would produce the same frequency—although
exciting the desired overtone frequency requires a slightly more complicated
oscillator circuit. A fundamental crystal oscillator circuit is simpler and more
efficient and has more pull ability than a third overtone circuit. Depending on the
manufacturer, the highest available fundamental frequency may be 25 MHz to
66 MHz.
14. MOISTER MEASUREMENT
In this circuit the two conductors are used to measure the moister. moister is
nothing but water particles in the sand.
Potential divider form:
If the R1 and R2 value is equal means the output is half of the Vcc supply. In this
circuit output is a variable one. So the output is depending upon the R2 resistance
value. Resistance value will be varied depend upon the Temperature level. Temperature
varied means the resistance value also varied. If moister value increased means output
also decreased. The moister value and output is a inversely proportional one. Then the
final voltage is given to ADC for convert the analog signal to digital signal. Then the
corresponding digital signal is taken to process in microcontroller. The ADC value will
increase if the temperature increased. We can measure the moister only with the help of
any controller or processor.
15. • CONCLUSION
• This is a unique method of designing and implementing a low cost circuit to
detect the fuel theft attempted by using Buzzer, Level Sensor and Arudino. In future
there is no doubt, that all of the vehicle will be embedded with this unique kit. The
Proposed scheme will help us to solve the fuel theft problem. Hence the larceners
will not be able to theft the fuel or vehicle by any chance and it provides the
complete protection. Digital Fuel Meter used for prevention from fuel theft & also
it display the available fuel in tank in digitally. We increase the standard of
measurement system using Digital Fuel Meter because of Digital Fuel Meter
cheating with customer by fuel filling station can be avoided and performance of
system also improved with the help of Digital Fuel Meter.
