Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. P.pdf
•
0 likes•2 views
Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. Polar covalent bonds are when one atom has a greater affinity for electrons than the other, thus the electrons will spent more time around that atom. This is still sharing, but more like an atom is winning in tug of war with the electrons. Non-polar covalent bonds are when atoms share the electrons equally. O2 - no opposite charges, same affinity. Non-polar covalent bonds CCl4 - C-Cl bonds are polar bonds because they do not have the same affinity as each other. However, in this case, since 4 C-Cl bonds present (they make up a tetrahedral structure) all the dipoles (what makes up affinity) cancel each other out resulting in the net dipole to be zero, giving the compound non-polar covalent bonding. NaCl - opposite charges. Na + and Cl - thus gives ionic bonding. Solution Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. Polar covalent bonds are when one atom has a greater affinity for electrons than the other, thus the electrons will spent more time around that atom. This is still sharing, but more like an atom is winning in tug of war with the electrons. Non-polar covalent bonds are when atoms share the electrons equally. O2 - no opposite charges, same affinity. Non-polar covalent bonds CCl4 - C-Cl bonds are polar bonds because they do not have the same affinity as each other. However, in this case, since 4 C-Cl bonds present (they make up a tetrahedral structure) all the dipoles (what makes up affinity) cancel each other out resulting in the net dipole to be zero, giving the compound non-polar covalent bonding. NaCl - opposite charges. Na + and Cl - thus gives ionic bonding..
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
Recommended
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
The electrons which are involved in bond formation between atoms are found in the
outermost shell (sometimes in the next to the outer-most shell) of the neutral atom; these are
called VALENCE ELECTRONS. The atoms of elements which have only one or two electrons
in their outermost shells (active shells) may lose electrons when they combine with atoms of
other elements. An atom which has lost one or more valence electrons possesses a positive
charge, and is called a POSITIVE ION. The sodium atom loses its one valence electron and
acquires a +1 charge when it enters into chemical combination with an atom of an element such
as chlorine. The magnesium atom may lose its two valence electrons and assume a +2 charge.
Na Na+ + e- The Na symbol to the left of the arrow represents a stable sodium atom while the
Na+ symbol to the right of the arrow represents an unstable sodium ion which has had a single
electron removed. Mg Mg++ + 2e- The Mg symbol to the left of the arrow represents a stable
magnesium atom while the Mg++ symbol to the right of the arrow represents an unstable
magnesium ion which has had two electrons removed. The smaller the number of valence
electrons in the atom, the greater the tendency of the element to lose electrons and thus form
positive ions during chemical combination with atoms of other elements. The energy required to
remove an electron from a neutral atom to form a positive ion is called the IONIZATION
POTENTIAL of the atom. Some metals have small ionization potentials and readily form
positive ions. The nonmetals, which have more electrons in their outer shells than the metals,
have large ionization potentials and show little tendency toward the formation of positive ions.
Atoms which lack one or two electrons of having an outermost shell of eight electrons readily
gain sufficient electrons from certain other atoms, such as sodium and magnesium, to make a full
compliment of eight electrons in the outside shell. Neutral atoms become NEGATIVE IONS by
gaining electrons. The nonmetals, such as Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I),
Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N) and Sulfur (S), readily form negative ions. Cl + e- Cl- Chlorine,
when in its stable form, possesses seven valence electrons and therefore has the ability to gain
one electron (as represented to the left of the arrow) giving it a negative charge of one when in
its unstable ionic form (as represented to the right of the arrow above). S + 2e- S-2 Sulfur, when
in its stable form, possesses six valence electrons and therefore has the ability to gain two
electrons giving it a negative charge of two when in its unstable ionic form. The attraction of a
neutral atom for electrons is known as its ELECTRON AFFINITY. The nonmetals have high
electron affinities and the metals have very low electron affinities. Thus, mainly the nonmetals
tend to form negative ions during chemical combination. When a positive ion and a negative ion
are brought close together, strong electr.
all about chemical bonding
these slides will help you learn all the basic about chemical bonding. concept of valancy, concept of electronic configuration, types of chemical bonds, and how do atoms form bonds.
Chemistry form 4 ionic bond
It's very good for SPM students . You have to learn the ionic bond thoroughly. If you understand well you can explain it vividly. For other chemistry notes can email me puterizamrud@gmail.com or facebook Pusat Tuisyen Zamrud .
Please write TRUE or FALSE for each of the 8 statements.Thank you!.pdf
Please write TRUE or FALSE for each of the 8 statements.
Thank you! Mark the following statements about carbon as true or false. A carbon atom can
form up to four covalent bonds. True A carbon atom has six electrons in its outermost shell.
The bond between a carbon and hydrogen atom is a polar bond. Oxygen and nitrogen have a
stronger electronegativity than carbon (e.g., a strong pull on a shared electron). Bonds between
carbon and other atoms are relatively unstable and readily dissociate, resulting in the formation
of new molecules. The carbon backbone of a molecule is made up of a string of carbon atoms
held together with either single or double bonds. The carbon backbone of a molecule comes in a
variety of shapes: linear, ring-like, or highly branched. Carbon is a relatively large atom
allowing it to bind to more atoms than smaller atoms would, thereby making it more versatile.
Solution
Answer:
1. True, a carbon atom can form up to four covalent bonds as one carbon atom has four valence
electrons (in outermost shell). It is a fact that the number of valence electrons in a atom
determines the number of covalent bonds it will form. Thus, each electron in carbon atom is used
to form four covalent bonds with various four atoms.
Example: CH4 (where one carbon atom share its outer valence electrons with up to four
hydrogens)
2. False, A carbon atom has four electrons in its outermost shell. As it has atomic number six,
means has total 6 electrons (two electrons in innermost shell and four in the outermost shell).
3. False, A bond between a carbon and hydrogen atom is a non-polar covalent bond. The non-
polar covalent bond are the bonds between two atoms which share equal number of electron(s)
with each other. Example: as in case of methane, where one carbon atom shares its 4 outer
valence electrons with four hydrogens by sharing equal number of electron.
In contrast, polar covalant bond are the bonds between two atoms which share unequal number
of electron(s) with each other. Thus these bonds are partially ionic.
4. True, Oxygen and nitrogen have stronger electronegativity than carbon (e.g. a stronger pull on
a shared electron). Electronegativity is defined as the tendency of an atom to attract a shared
electron in a covalent bond towards itself. It is the result of the greater charge on the nucleus. In
periodic table, the electronegativity of the element increases as we move from left to right.
Nitrogen and Oxygen have greater charge on the nucleus as compared to the carbon thus, are
more electronegative than carbon.
5. False, Bonds between carbon and other atoms are relatively stable and not readily dissociate,
as the bonds between carbon and other atoms are relatively stable covalant bond which require
large amount of energy to break them.
6.True, The carbon backbone of a molecule is made up of a string of carbon atoms held together
with either single or double bonds. The Carbon atoms can share one, two or three electrons with
another Carbon.
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds or substance . The bond may result from the electrostatic force of attraction between atoms with opposite charges, or through the sharing of electrons as in the covalent bonds........
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases bet.pdf
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals
to humans.Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects which ingest disease producing
microrganisms during blood meal from an infected host either human or animal and later injected
it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.
Mosquitoes are best known disease vector. Half of the world population is infected with the
Vector borne infectious disease, such as Malaria, Dengue fever, Yellow fever and plaque.
Examples:DiseaseVectorHostSymptomsAreaTreatmentMalariaMosquitoPlasmodiumHeadache,
Heavy feverSub tropicsPrevention and AntimalariaDengueMosquitoFlavivirusFever, Heavy
Body painSub tropics and South EuropeSupportive Treatment and under observation
Solution
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals
to humans.Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects which ingest disease producing
microrganisms during blood meal from an infected host either human or animal and later injected
it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.
Mosquitoes are best known disease vector. Half of the world population is infected with the
Vector borne infectious disease, such as Malaria, Dengue fever, Yellow fever and plaque.
Examples:DiseaseVectorHostSymptomsAreaTreatmentMalariaMosquitoPlasmodiumHeadache,
Heavy feverSub tropicsPrevention and AntimalariaDengueMosquitoFlavivirusFever, Heavy
Body painSub tropics and South EuropeSupportive Treatment and under observation.
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missi.pdf
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missing.
Solution
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missing..
More Related Content
Similar to Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. P.pdf
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
The electrons which are involved in bond formation between atoms are found in the
outermost shell (sometimes in the next to the outer-most shell) of the neutral atom; these are
called VALENCE ELECTRONS. The atoms of elements which have only one or two electrons
in their outermost shells (active shells) may lose electrons when they combine with atoms of
other elements. An atom which has lost one or more valence electrons possesses a positive
charge, and is called a POSITIVE ION. The sodium atom loses its one valence electron and
acquires a +1 charge when it enters into chemical combination with an atom of an element such
as chlorine. The magnesium atom may lose its two valence electrons and assume a +2 charge.
Na Na+ + e- The Na symbol to the left of the arrow represents a stable sodium atom while the
Na+ symbol to the right of the arrow represents an unstable sodium ion which has had a single
electron removed. Mg Mg++ + 2e- The Mg symbol to the left of the arrow represents a stable
magnesium atom while the Mg++ symbol to the right of the arrow represents an unstable
magnesium ion which has had two electrons removed. The smaller the number of valence
electrons in the atom, the greater the tendency of the element to lose electrons and thus form
positive ions during chemical combination with atoms of other elements. The energy required to
remove an electron from a neutral atom to form a positive ion is called the IONIZATION
POTENTIAL of the atom. Some metals have small ionization potentials and readily form
positive ions. The nonmetals, which have more electrons in their outer shells than the metals,
have large ionization potentials and show little tendency toward the formation of positive ions.
Atoms which lack one or two electrons of having an outermost shell of eight electrons readily
gain sufficient electrons from certain other atoms, such as sodium and magnesium, to make a full
compliment of eight electrons in the outside shell. Neutral atoms become NEGATIVE IONS by
gaining electrons. The nonmetals, such as Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I),
Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N) and Sulfur (S), readily form negative ions. Cl + e- Cl- Chlorine,
when in its stable form, possesses seven valence electrons and therefore has the ability to gain
one electron (as represented to the left of the arrow) giving it a negative charge of one when in
its unstable ionic form (as represented to the right of the arrow above). S + 2e- S-2 Sulfur, when
in its stable form, possesses six valence electrons and therefore has the ability to gain two
electrons giving it a negative charge of two when in its unstable ionic form. The attraction of a
neutral atom for electrons is known as its ELECTRON AFFINITY. The nonmetals have high
electron affinities and the metals have very low electron affinities. Thus, mainly the nonmetals
tend to form negative ions during chemical combination. When a positive ion and a negative ion
are brought close together, strong electr.
all about chemical bonding
these slides will help you learn all the basic about chemical bonding. concept of valancy, concept of electronic configuration, types of chemical bonds, and how do atoms form bonds.
Chemistry form 4 ionic bond
It's very good for SPM students . You have to learn the ionic bond thoroughly. If you understand well you can explain it vividly. For other chemistry notes can email me puterizamrud@gmail.com or facebook Pusat Tuisyen Zamrud .
Please write TRUE or FALSE for each of the 8 statements.Thank you!.pdf
Please write TRUE or FALSE for each of the 8 statements.
Thank you! Mark the following statements about carbon as true or false. A carbon atom can
form up to four covalent bonds. True A carbon atom has six electrons in its outermost shell.
The bond between a carbon and hydrogen atom is a polar bond. Oxygen and nitrogen have a
stronger electronegativity than carbon (e.g., a strong pull on a shared electron). Bonds between
carbon and other atoms are relatively unstable and readily dissociate, resulting in the formation
of new molecules. The carbon backbone of a molecule is made up of a string of carbon atoms
held together with either single or double bonds. The carbon backbone of a molecule comes in a
variety of shapes: linear, ring-like, or highly branched. Carbon is a relatively large atom
allowing it to bind to more atoms than smaller atoms would, thereby making it more versatile.
Solution
Answer:
1. True, a carbon atom can form up to four covalent bonds as one carbon atom has four valence
electrons (in outermost shell). It is a fact that the number of valence electrons in a atom
determines the number of covalent bonds it will form. Thus, each electron in carbon atom is used
to form four covalent bonds with various four atoms.
Example: CH4 (where one carbon atom share its outer valence electrons with up to four
hydrogens)
2. False, A carbon atom has four electrons in its outermost shell. As it has atomic number six,
means has total 6 electrons (two electrons in innermost shell and four in the outermost shell).
3. False, A bond between a carbon and hydrogen atom is a non-polar covalent bond. The non-
polar covalent bond are the bonds between two atoms which share equal number of electron(s)
with each other. Example: as in case of methane, where one carbon atom shares its 4 outer
valence electrons with four hydrogens by sharing equal number of electron.
In contrast, polar covalant bond are the bonds between two atoms which share unequal number
of electron(s) with each other. Thus these bonds are partially ionic.
4. True, Oxygen and nitrogen have stronger electronegativity than carbon (e.g. a stronger pull on
a shared electron). Electronegativity is defined as the tendency of an atom to attract a shared
electron in a covalent bond towards itself. It is the result of the greater charge on the nucleus. In
periodic table, the electronegativity of the element increases as we move from left to right.
Nitrogen and Oxygen have greater charge on the nucleus as compared to the carbon thus, are
more electronegative than carbon.
5. False, Bonds between carbon and other atoms are relatively stable and not readily dissociate,
as the bonds between carbon and other atoms are relatively stable covalant bond which require
large amount of energy to break them.
6.True, The carbon backbone of a molecule is made up of a string of carbon atoms held together
with either single or double bonds. The Carbon atoms can share one, two or three electrons with
another Carbon.
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds or substance . The bond may result from the electrostatic force of attraction between atoms with opposite charges, or through the sharing of electrons as in the covalent bonds........
Similar to Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. P.pdf (20)
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
The electrons which are involved in bond formatio.pdf
Please write TRUE or FALSE for each of the 8 statements.Thank you!.pdf
Please write TRUE or FALSE for each of the 8 statements.Thank you!.pdf
More from apoorvikamobileworld
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases bet.pdf
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals
to humans.Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects which ingest disease producing
microrganisms during blood meal from an infected host either human or animal and later injected
it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.
Mosquitoes are best known disease vector. Half of the world population is infected with the
Vector borne infectious disease, such as Malaria, Dengue fever, Yellow fever and plaque.
Examples:DiseaseVectorHostSymptomsAreaTreatmentMalariaMosquitoPlasmodiumHeadache,
Heavy feverSub tropicsPrevention and AntimalariaDengueMosquitoFlavivirusFever, Heavy
Body painSub tropics and South EuropeSupportive Treatment and under observation
Solution
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals
to humans.Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects which ingest disease producing
microrganisms during blood meal from an infected host either human or animal and later injected
it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.
Mosquitoes are best known disease vector. Half of the world population is infected with the
Vector borne infectious disease, such as Malaria, Dengue fever, Yellow fever and plaque.
Examples:DiseaseVectorHostSymptomsAreaTreatmentMalariaMosquitoPlasmodiumHeadache,
Heavy feverSub tropicsPrevention and AntimalariaDengueMosquitoFlavivirusFever, Heavy
Body painSub tropics and South EuropeSupportive Treatment and under observation.
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missi.pdf
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missing.
Solution
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missing..
the remaining zeroes are-3-i and 2+iSolutionthe remaining ze.pdf
the remaining zeroes are
-3-i and 2+i
Solution
the remaining zeroes are
-3-i and 2+i.
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific proje.pdf
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific project with the objective of
determining the sequence of nucleotides that make up a human DNA, and of mapping and
identifying of all the genes of the human genome from both a functional and physical a
perspectives. Human Genome Project was initiated in 1984 by the US government when the
planning started; the project formally begins in 1990 and was complete in 2003. The key
approaches in human genome project are nearly 22,300 protein-coding genes in human beings,
and the other mammals, the human genome has identical, repeated sections of DNA than had
been suspected.
The sequencing of the human genome provides help for the many fields, from molecular
medicine to human evolution and also helpful in the understanding of diseases including:
genotyping of specific viruses to appropriate treatment, the design of medication and prediction
of their effects; advancement in forensic applied sciences; identification of mutations linked to
different forms of cancer; agriculture, biofuels and other energy applications; animal husbandry
etc.,
DNA mapping is used to describe the positions of genes and show the different levels DNA
maps in detail, comparable to topological maps of a city or country, to indicate the virtual order
of genes on a chromosome.
The DNA is the hereditary material of organisms affects the behaviour, structure and physiology
and metabolism. Hence, a change in an organism\'s DNA can cause changes in all aspects of its
life.
The DNA mapping involves producing the therapeutic products based on immunotherapy
techniques, novel classes of drugs, and replacement of defective genes through gene therapy.
Forensic testing uses the DNA sequences to identify an individual for legal purposes. Forensic
testing can identify catastrophe victims or crime, rule out or implicate a crime suspect, or
establish biological relationships between people. Paternity genetic test uses particular DNA
markers to identify the similar or same inheritance patterns among related individuals.
Solution
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific project with the objective of
determining the sequence of nucleotides that make up a human DNA, and of mapping and
identifying of all the genes of the human genome from both a functional and physical a
perspectives. Human Genome Project was initiated in 1984 by the US government when the
planning started; the project formally begins in 1990 and was complete in 2003. The key
approaches in human genome project are nearly 22,300 protein-coding genes in human beings,
and the other mammals, the human genome has identical, repeated sections of DNA than had
been suspected.
The sequencing of the human genome provides help for the many fields, from molecular
medicine to human evolution and also helpful in the understanding of diseases including:
genotyping of specific viruses to appropriate treatment, the design of medication and prediction
of their effects.
Since no two IT firms are same, and cyberthreats are Custom built to.pdf
Since no two IT firms are same, and cyberthreats are Custom built to exploit the specific
obligations of the individual firms, our expert services are also tailor-made.Expert services
include Incident Investigation,Penetration Testing Application Security Assessment
Protecting an enterprise against these cyber attacks has become very difficult. It is also difficult
to know whether organization is safe or not.it helps to find a solution to live security issues and
to know malware behavior and its consequences,some of benefits are1) decreases risk caused by
the infection harming operational processes
2)Get back the original working mode of PCs that were infected by infection
3)minimizes the costs by providing the solution to the problems due to thecyber infection
penetration Testing
It recognizes the poor points in the n/w.penetration testing consists of various testings ike social
engineering testing,external as well as internal penetration testing,thereby minize the
operational,financial loss.
Taking various decisions and take care regarding the budget to reduce the future risk
Application security assessment services are custom built and it contains various types of
testings stratagies like black box testing ,white box testing,grey box testing.
Solution
Since no two IT firms are same, and cyberthreats are Custom built to exploit the specific
obligations of the individual firms, our expert services are also tailor-made.Expert services
include Incident Investigation,Penetration Testing Application Security Assessment
Protecting an enterprise against these cyber attacks has become very difficult. It is also difficult
to know whether organization is safe or not.it helps to find a solution to live security issues and
to know malware behavior and its consequences,some of benefits are1) decreases risk caused by
the infection harming operational processes
2)Get back the original working mode of PCs that were infected by infection
3)minimizes the costs by providing the solution to the problems due to thecyber infection
penetration Testing
It recognizes the poor points in the n/w.penetration testing consists of various testings ike social
engineering testing,external as well as internal penetration testing,thereby minize the
operational,financial loss.
Taking various decisions and take care regarding the budget to reduce the future risk
Application security assessment services are custom built and it contains various types of
testings stratagies like black box testing ,white box testing,grey box testing..
SO2 -Dipole-Dipole because this force requires 2 polar molecules. Th.pdf
SO2 -Dipole-Dipole because this force requires 2 polar molecules. The polarity can be easily
determined from the bent shape of these molecules
HF - hydrogen bond
CH3OH - would have for example hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, ionic bonds
CCl4 - dispersion forces
Solution
SO2 -Dipole-Dipole because this force requires 2 polar molecules. The polarity can be easily
determined from the bent shape of these molecules
HF - hydrogen bond
CH3OH - would have for example hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, ionic bonds
CCl4 - dispersion forces.
Q2Which of the following organism can be classified as an obligato.pdf
Q2
Which of the following organism can be classified as an obligator anaerobe
C. sporogenes are obligate anaerobe-----------------answer
C. sporogenes : It is obligate anaerobe, so they can neither use nor make due within the sight of
oxygen. The bacterium acquires vitality through the maturation of amino acids, otherwise called
Stickland aging In the Stickland response an electron contributor amino corrosive is oxidized
into a carboxylic corrosive one carbon shorter than the first amino corrosive, while an electron
acceptor amino corrosive is diminished into a carboxylic corrosive an indistinguishable length
from the past amino corrosive
This component permits C. sporogenes to keep away from the utilization of [H+] particles as
electron acceptors .
While nourishment is all the more normally provided by amino corrosive maturation, glucose
aging, where glucose is separated into ethanol and carbon dioxide, can be used as an optional
wellspring of sustenance. C. sporogenes is viewed as a neutrophile,
in this way having an ideal pH scope of around 6.0 – 7.6
=====================================================================
====
Q3
Which of the following components of the pGLO plasmid allowed for antibiotic resistance
d. bla, -----------answer
The pGLO plasmid is a designed plasmid utilized as a part of biotechnology as a vector for
making hereditarily altered living beings. The plasmid contains a few journalist qualities, most
quite for the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the ampicillin resistance quality. GFP was
confined from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. Since it imparts a bidirectional promoter to a
quality for metabolizing arabinose, the GFP quality is communicated within the sight of
arabinose, which makes the transgenic life form express its fluorescence under UV light. GFP
can be actuated in microorganisms containing the pGLO plasmid by developing them on
+arabinose plates.
pGLO is comprised of three qualities that are combined utilizing recombinant DNA innovation.
They are as per the following:
- Bla, which codes for the compound beta-lactamase giving the changed microbes
imperviousness to the beta-lactam group of anti-infection agents, (for example, of the penicillin
family)
- araC, a promoter locale that directs the declaration of GFP (particularly, the GFP quality will be
communicated just within the sight of arabinose)
- GFP, the green fluorescent protein, which gives a green gleam if cells create this sort of protein
Like most other round plasmids, the pGLO plasmid contains a cause (ori), which is a district of
the plasmid where replication will start. The pGLO plasmid was made well known by analysts in
France who utilized it to deliver a green fluorescent rabbit named Alba.
==================================
Q1
IODINE
ACT AS MORDANT
Safranin
SECONDARY SATINING REAGENT
Safranin is a natural stain utilized as a part of histology and cytology. Safranin is utilized as a
counterstain as a part of some recoloring conventions, s.
s 0.02 = 2.210^-16s = 1.110^-14Solutions 0.02 = 2.210.pdf
s * 0.02 = 2.2*10^-16
s = 1.1*10^-14
Solution
s * 0.02 = 2.2*10^-16
s = 1.1*10^-14.
Please find the answers and explanations below1. Dendritic cells .pdf
Please find the answers and explanations below:
1. Dendritic cells and Macrophages (The dendritic cells and macrophages are directly involved in
physical disruption and engulfment of the foreing antigen/pathogen. These cells contain
reservoirs of hydrolytic enzymes which digest the antigen and prevent infection in the body)
2. B lymphocytes and T- lymphocytes (These cells represent the humoral and cell mediated arms
of the immune system. These cells are directly involved in interaction with the antigen either by
presenting them to antibody producing cells or engulfing and digesting the antigen directly)
3. Dendritic cells and T lymphocyes (These cells are directly involved in physical interaction of
the antigen with the cells. These cells contain specific cell surface receptors which are essentially
required for recognition and binding of these cells to the antigen and are also involved in
presenting these cells to other cells for further action)
4. Macrophages and T-lymphocytes (Helper T cells are physically activated by presence of
macrophages and T-lymphocytes which are directly involved in physical interaction of these
cells with the antigen and thus processing of the antigen/pathogen by cell-mediated arm of
immune system)
Solution
Please find the answers and explanations below:
1. Dendritic cells and Macrophages (The dendritic cells and macrophages are directly involved in
physical disruption and engulfment of the foreing antigen/pathogen. These cells contain
reservoirs of hydrolytic enzymes which digest the antigen and prevent infection in the body)
2. B lymphocytes and T- lymphocytes (These cells represent the humoral and cell mediated arms
of the immune system. These cells are directly involved in interaction with the antigen either by
presenting them to antibody producing cells or engulfing and digesting the antigen directly)
3. Dendritic cells and T lymphocyes (These cells are directly involved in physical interaction of
the antigen with the cells. These cells contain specific cell surface receptors which are essentially
required for recognition and binding of these cells to the antigen and are also involved in
presenting these cells to other cells for further action)
4. Macrophages and T-lymphocytes (Helper T cells are physically activated by presence of
macrophages and T-lymphocytes which are directly involved in physical interaction of these
cells with the antigen and thus processing of the antigen/pathogen by cell-mediated arm of
immune system).
import java.util.;public class FirstChars { public static vo.pdf
import java.util.*;
public class FirstChars {
public static void main(String args[]) {
/*Creation of ArrayList of type String */
ArrayList arrList = new ArrayList();
/*Add elements to ArrayList*/
arrList.add(\"Hello\");
arrList.add(\"World\");
arrList.add(\"goodbye\");
/* Displaying array list elements */
System.out.println(\"Element in Array List:\"+arrList);
// Calling
System.out.println(\"first letters of ArrayList:\"+f(arrList));
}
public static String f(ArrayList arrayList){
String s = \"\"; // empty string
for(int i=0;i
Solution
import java.util.*;
public class FirstChars {
public static void main(String args[]) {
/*Creation of ArrayList of type String */
ArrayList arrList = new ArrayList();
/*Add elements to ArrayList*/
arrList.add(\"Hello\");
arrList.add(\"World\");
arrList.add(\"goodbye\");
/* Displaying array list elements */
System.out.println(\"Element in Array List:\"+arrList);
// Calling
System.out.println(\"first letters of ArrayList:\"+f(arrList));
}
public static String f(ArrayList arrayList){
String s = \"\"; // empty string
for(int i=0;i.
odds means number of favorable outcomesnumber of non-favorable outc.pdf
odds means number of favorable outcomes/number of non-favorable outcomes
odds in favor of rolling a 3 = 1/5
Solution
odds means number of favorable outcomes/number of non-favorable outcomes
odds in favor of rolling a 3 = 1/5.
Part A Rise of endomembrane system in the eukaryotic cells generall.pdf
Part A: Rise of endomembrane system in the eukaryotic cells generally corresponds to the
endosymbiotic oridin of mitochondria.
Recent researches suggest that the endosymbiotic mitochondria used to secrete the outer
membrane vesicles which in turn got evolved into the endomembrane system. Thus it suggest
link of mitochondria to the compartment of the cell.
part B: The sequnec of the events is :
1, 5, 4, 2, 3.
Solution
Part A: Rise of endomembrane system in the eukaryotic cells generally corresponds to the
endosymbiotic oridin of mitochondria.
Recent researches suggest that the endosymbiotic mitochondria used to secrete the outer
membrane vesicles which in turn got evolved into the endomembrane system. Thus it suggest
link of mitochondria to the compartment of the cell.
part B: The sequnec of the events is :
1, 5, 4, 2, 3..
No ones been able to see them because no microscope is strong enou.pdf
No one\'s been able to see them because no microscope is strong enough to magnify anything so
much. But for representation, we just simply use some circles with indications.
For representation Molecules look like round little balls that are either stuck to each other or are
connected by stick like structures. Their specific appearance depends on what they are a
molecule of.
Solution
No one\'s been able to see them because no microscope is strong enough to magnify anything so
much. But for representation, we just simply use some circles with indications.
For representation Molecules look like round little balls that are either stuck to each other or are
connected by stick like structures. Their specific appearance depends on what they are a
molecule of..
Molecular Br2(l) + 2NaI(aq) - 2 NaBr(aq) + I2(s)Net I.pdf
Molecular: Br2(l) + 2NaI(aq) -> 2 NaBr(aq) + I2(s)
Net Ionic: Br2(l) + 2I-(aq) -> 2Br-(aq) + I2(s)
Solution
Molecular: Br2(l) + 2NaI(aq) -> 2 NaBr(aq) + I2(s)
Net Ionic: Br2(l) + 2I-(aq) -> 2Br-(aq) + I2(s).
Human capital is the stock of knowledge, habits, social and personal.pdf
Human capital is the stock of knowledge, habits, social and personality attributes, including
creativity, embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value.
Alternatively, Human capital is a collection of resources—all the knowledge, talents, skills,
abilities, experience, intelligence, training, judgment, and wisdom possessed individually and
collectively by individuals in a population. These resources are the total capacity of the people
that represents a form of wealth which can be directed to accomplish the goals of the nation or
state or a portion thereof.
It is an aggregate economic view of the human being acting within economies, which is an
attempt to capture the social, biological, cultural and psychological complexity as they interact in
explicit and/or economic transactions. Many theories explicitly connect investment in human
capital development to education, and the role of human capital in economic development,
productivity growth, and innovation has frequently been cited as a justification for government
subsidies for education and job skills training.
It was assumed in early economic theories, reflecting the context, i.e., the secondary sector of the
economy was producing much more than the tertiary sector was able to produce at the time in
most countries – to be a fungible resource, homogeneous, and easily interchangeable, and it was
referred to simply as workforce or labor, one of three factors of production (the others being
land, and assumed-interchangeable assets of money and physical equipment). Just as land
became recognized as natural capital and an asset in itself, human factors of production were
raised from this simple mechanistic analysis to human capital. In modern technical financial
analysis, the term \"balanced growth\" refers to the goal of equal growth of both aggregate
human capabilities and physical assets that produce goods and services.
The assumption that labour or workforces could be easily modelled in aggregate began to be
challenged in 1950s when the tertiary sector, which demanded creativity, begun to produce more
than the secondary sector was producing at the time in the most developed countries in the
world.
Today, most theories attempt to break down human capital into one or more components for
analysis usually called \"intangibles\". Most commonly, social capital, the sum of social bonds
and relationships, has come to be recognized, along with many synonyms such as goodwill or
brand value or social cohesion or social resilience and related concepts like celebrity or fame, as
distinct from the talent that an individual (such as an athlete has uniquely) has developed that
cannot be passed on to others regardless of effort, and those aspects that can be transferred or
taught: instructional capital. Less commonly, some analyses conflate good instructions for health
with health itself, or good knowledge management habits or systems with the instructions they
compile and manage, .
Gregor Mendel is called the father of genetics, because he introduce.pdf
Gregor Mendel is called the father of genetics, because he introduced various terms such as gene,
heredity, offspring, parental generation etc. The three primary sources that were important for
Mendelian genetics are
Cross pollination: Due to this the traits of different plants can be introduced in the offspring.
Plants differing in one character because of which if there was any change in the character of the
plant it was easily noticeable.
The dominant and recessive phenotypes which are responsible to determine which trait will be
shown by the plants.
These 3 are the primary sources of mendelian genetics.
Solution
Gregor Mendel is called the father of genetics, because he introduced various terms such as gene,
heredity, offspring, parental generation etc. The three primary sources that were important for
Mendelian genetics are
Cross pollination: Due to this the traits of different plants can be introduced in the offspring.
Plants differing in one character because of which if there was any change in the character of the
plant it was easily noticeable.
The dominant and recessive phenotypes which are responsible to determine which trait will be
shown by the plants.
These 3 are the primary sources of mendelian genetics..
Exercise 2.1 Explain the accompanying terms quickly trait, space, e.pdf
Exercise 2.1 Explain the accompanying terms quickly: trait, space, element, relationship,
element set, relationship set, one-to-numerous relationship, numerous to-numerous relationship,
interest limitation, cover requirement, covering imperative, feeble element set, total,
what\'s more, part marker.
Answer 2.1 No answer gave yet.
Exercise 2.2 A college database contains data about teachers (recognized
by government managed savings number, or SSN) and courses (recognized by courseid).
Teachers
show courses; each of the accompanying circumstances concerns the Teaches relationship set.
For every circumstance, draw an ER outline that portrays it (expecting that no further
limitations hold).
1. Educators can instruct the same course in a few semesters, and every offering must
be recorded.
2. Educators can instruct the same course in a few semesters, and just the most
late such offering should be recorded. (Accept this condition applies taking all things together
consequent inquiries.)
3. Each educator must show some course.
4. Each teacher instructs precisely one course (no all the more, no less).
5. Each teacher instructs precisely one course (no all the more, no less), and each course
must be educated by some educator.
6. Presently assume that specific courses can be instructed by a group of teachers together,
in any case, it is conceivable that nobody teacher in a group can educate the course. Model this
circumstance, presenting extra element sets and relationship sets if important.
Answer 2.2 Answer overlooked.
5
6 Chapter 2
Exercise 2.3 Consider the accompanying data around a college database:
Educators have a SSN, a name, an age, a rank, and an examination claim to fame.
Ventures have a task number, a supporter name (e.g., NSF), a beginning date, an
finishing date, and a financial plan.
Graduate understudies have a SSN, a name, an age, and a degree program (e.g., M.S.
on the other hand Ph.D.).
Every task is overseen by one educator (known as the venture\'s important specialist).
Every venture is dealt with by one or more educators (known as the undertaking\'s
co-agents).
Teachers can oversee and/or chip away at different activities.
Every task is chipped away at by one or more graduate understudies (known as the
task\'s exploration collaborators).
At the point when graduate understudies chip away at a venture, an educator must manage their
work
on the task. Graduate understudies can deal with different tasks, in which case
they will have a (possibly diverse) chief for every one.
Offices have a division number, an office name, and a principle office.
Offices have an educator (known as the executive) who runs the division.
Teachers work in one or more divisions, and for every office that they
work in, a period rate is connected with their occupation.
Graduate understudies have one noteworthy division in which they are chipping away at their
degree.
Every graduate understudy has another, more senior graduate understudy (known as a
understudy co.
Dichlorine hexoxide(Cl2 O6) is the chemical compound with the formul.pdf
Dichlorine hexoxide(Cl2 O6) is the chemical compound with the formula Cl2O6. This chlorine
oxide is the mixed anhydride of chloric and perchloric acids. It is produced by reaction between
chlorine dioxide and excess ozone:
2 ClO2 + 2 O3 2 ClO3 + 2 O2 Cl2O6 + 2 O2
Solution
Dichlorine hexoxide(Cl2 O6) is the chemical compound with the formula Cl2O6. This chlorine
oxide is the mixed anhydride of chloric and perchloric acids. It is produced by reaction between
chlorine dioxide and excess ozone:
2 ClO2 + 2 O3 2 ClO3 + 2 O2 Cl2O6 + 2 O2.
correct answerA) Carbon atoms occupy positions interstitial in fe.pdf
correct answer:
A) Carbon atoms occupy positions interstitial in ferrite.
Solution
correct answer:
A) Carbon atoms occupy positions interstitial in ferrite..
More from apoorvikamobileworld (20)
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases bet.pdf
Vector is living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases bet.pdf
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missi.pdf
There is not adequate information. The reference to context is missi.pdf
the remaining zeroes are-3-i and 2+iSolutionthe remaining ze.pdf
the remaining zeroes are-3-i and 2+iSolutionthe remaining ze.pdf
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific proje.pdf
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific proje.pdf
Since no two IT firms are same, and cyberthreats are Custom built to.pdf
Since no two IT firms are same, and cyberthreats are Custom built to.pdf
SO2 -Dipole-Dipole because this force requires 2 polar molecules. Th.pdf
SO2 -Dipole-Dipole because this force requires 2 polar molecules. Th.pdf
Q2Which of the following organism can be classified as an obligato.pdf
Q2Which of the following organism can be classified as an obligato.pdf
s 0.02 = 2.210^-16s = 1.110^-14Solutions 0.02 = 2.210.pdf
s 0.02 = 2.210^-16s = 1.110^-14Solutions 0.02 = 2.210.pdf
Please find the answers and explanations below1. Dendritic cells .pdf
Please find the answers and explanations below1. Dendritic cells .pdf
import java.util.;public class FirstChars { public static vo.pdf
import java.util.;public class FirstChars { public static vo.pdf
odds means number of favorable outcomesnumber of non-favorable outc.pdf
odds means number of favorable outcomesnumber of non-favorable outc.pdf
Part A Rise of endomembrane system in the eukaryotic cells generall.pdf
Part A Rise of endomembrane system in the eukaryotic cells generall.pdf
No ones been able to see them because no microscope is strong enou.pdf
No ones been able to see them because no microscope is strong enou.pdf
Molecular Br2(l) + 2NaI(aq) - 2 NaBr(aq) + I2(s)Net I.pdf
Molecular Br2(l) + 2NaI(aq) - 2 NaBr(aq) + I2(s)Net I.pdf
Human capital is the stock of knowledge, habits, social and personal.pdf
Human capital is the stock of knowledge, habits, social and personal.pdf
Gregor Mendel is called the father of genetics, because he introduce.pdf
Gregor Mendel is called the father of genetics, because he introduce.pdf
Exercise 2.1 Explain the accompanying terms quickly trait, space, e.pdf
Exercise 2.1 Explain the accompanying terms quickly trait, space, e.pdf
Dichlorine hexoxide(Cl2 O6) is the chemical compound with the formul.pdf
Dichlorine hexoxide(Cl2 O6) is the chemical compound with the formul.pdf
correct answerA) Carbon atoms occupy positions interstitial in fe.pdf
correct answerA) Carbon atoms occupy positions interstitial in fe.pdf
Recently uploaded
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of other biological materials, Ownership and period of protection
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI funded books
Wednesday 22 May 2024, 14:00-15:00.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is prepared for master's students (MIFB & MIBS) UUM. May it be useful to all.Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
Instagram:-
https://instagram.com/special_education_needs_01?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=
WhatsApp:-
https://chat.whatsapp.com/JVakNIYlSV94x7bwunO3Dc
YouTube:-
https://youtube.com/@special_education_needs
Teligram :- https://t.me/special_education_needs
Slide Shere :-
https://www.slideshare.net/shabnambano20?utm_campaign=profiletracking&utm_medium=sssite&utm_source=ssslideview
Recently uploaded (20)
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Adversarial Attention Modeling for Multi-dimensional Emotion Regression.pdf
Adversarial Attention Modeling for Multi-dimensional Emotion Regression.pdf
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. P.pdf
- 1. Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. Polar covalent bonds are when one atom has a greater affinity for electrons than the other, thus the electrons will spent more time around that atom. This is still sharing, but more like an atom is winning in tug of war with the electrons. Non-polar covalent bonds are when atoms share the electrons equally. O2 - no opposite charges, same affinity. Non-polar covalent bonds CCl4 - C-Cl bonds are polar bonds because they do not have the same affinity as each other. However, in this case, since 4 C-Cl bonds present (they make up a tetrahedral structure) all the dipoles (what makes up affinity) cancel each other out resulting in the net dipole to be zero, giving the compound non-polar covalent bonding. NaCl - opposite charges. Na + and Cl - thus gives ionic bonding. Solution Ionic bonds are when opposite charges are attracted to each other. Polar covalent bonds are when one atom has a greater affinity for electrons than the other, thus the electrons will spent more time around that atom. This is still sharing, but more like an atom is winning in tug of war with the electrons. Non-polar covalent bonds are when atoms share the electrons equally. O2 - no opposite charges, same affinity. Non-polar covalent bonds CCl4 - C-Cl bonds are polar bonds because they do not have the same affinity as each other. However, in this case, since 4 C-Cl bonds present (they make up a tetrahedral structure) all the dipoles (what makes up affinity) cancel each other out resulting in the net dipole to be zero, giving the compound non-polar covalent bonding. NaCl - opposite charges. Na + and Cl - thus gives ionic bonding.