This document summarizes an presentation on investment climate and foreign direct investment (FDI) in Bangladesh. It defines investment climate and its key features, including macroeconomic factors, governance, and infrastructure. It discusses what FDI is and its components. The current situation of low FDI in Bangladesh is described, noting factors such as weak governance and infrastructure challenges. Sectoral opportunities for FDI and investment incentives in Bangladesh are outlined. Recent FDI inflows into Bangladesh and the roles of investment facilitation agencies are also summarized.
Session on Strategic Management for Management Students, helping them understand basic concepts in the area of strategy formulation for the organizations.
Session on Strategic Management for Management Students, helping them understand basic concepts in the area of strategy formulation for the organizations.
A PRESENTATION ON COMPETITION ACT, 2002 WITH RECENT AMENDEMENTS. PRESENTED BY MADHUSUDAN NARAYA, STUDENT OF MBA AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DUGAPUR, WEST BENGAL.
THIS TOPIC IS NECESSARY FOR MARKETING PEOPLE AND THE SLIDE CONTAINS THE CASES ALSO !!
Industrial Policy, 2049 was formulated with the objective of promoting industrial sector.
Long-term Goal of the policy
Silent Features
Major Problems and Challenges
A PRESENTATION ON COMPETITION ACT, 2002 WITH RECENT AMENDEMENTS. PRESENTED BY MADHUSUDAN NARAYA, STUDENT OF MBA AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DUGAPUR, WEST BENGAL.
THIS TOPIC IS NECESSARY FOR MARKETING PEOPLE AND THE SLIDE CONTAINS THE CASES ALSO !!
Industrial Policy, 2049 was formulated with the objective of promoting industrial sector.
Long-term Goal of the policy
Silent Features
Major Problems and Challenges
The present situation of foreign direct investment in Bangladesh comes next in the report. This part shows us foreign direct investment in Bangladesh is increasing gradually though still not up to the satisfactory level with some necessary statistics. The foreigners perceive Bangladesh as a country of natural disaster and political instability which is another reason for the low flow of invest able funds.
Review of FDI Policies in India and China: Analysis and InterpretationVandanaSharma356
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a wide word that encompasses any long-term investment made in the host nation by a non-resident enterprise. Typically, the investment is undertaken over a lengthy period of time with the purpose of maximizing the host nation's advantages, such as superior (and cheaper) resources, consumer market access, or direct access to the host country. All talent improves efficiency. This long-term cooperation will benefit both the investor and the host nation. If the investor makes the same investment in his own nation, he will obtain a larger return, but the host country will profit by boosting the transfer of knowledge or technology to its workforce, putting more pressure on his local business to compete. Foreign firm that can develop the sector as a whole or serve as an example for other companies thinking about investing in the host nation.
Foreign Investment is an important activity in order to improve economic growth and
prosperity of society. It needs to be supported with legal instruments that can guarantee
and protect the investments. The formation of legal instruments is strongly affected by the
economic and political interests of the country, therefore sometimes it goes against the
principle of legal certainty. By using normative jurisdictional research methods in this
study, the Author will discuss about the principles and concepts used by the government
to establish a policy on foreign investment.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in BangladeshJahid Khan Rahat
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a crucial factor in the economic development of any country. Bangladesh has made significant progress in attracting FDI in recent years, but there is still room for improvement. This report aims to identify the determinants of FDI in Bangladesh and make recommendations for policymakers.
The report analyses the economic, political, and social factors that influence FDI in Bangladesh. The economic factors include market size, labour costs, infrastructure, and natural resources. The political factors include political stability, government policies, and regulations. The social factors include the quality of education, health care, and living standards.
The analysis shows that the most significant determinants of FDI in Bangladesh are political stability, government policies, and regulations. Investors are attracted to countries with stable political environments and favourable government policies that support investment. Bangladesh has made some progress in these areas, but there is still room for improvement.
Other factors that influence FDI in Bangladesh include market size, infrastructure, labour costs, and natural resources. Bangladesh has a large and growing market, but infrastructure remains a significant challenge. Labour costs are low in Bangladesh, which is attractive to investors, but there is a need for improvement in the quality of the workforce. Bangladesh also has natural resources, such as gas and coal, that are attractive to investors.
Based on the analysis, the report recommends that the government of Bangladesh focus on improving political stability and creating a more favourable investment climate. This includes reducing corruption, improving the legal system, and providing incentives for foreign investors. The government should also invest in infrastructure, education, and healthcare to improve the quality of life for its citizens and attract more investment.
In conclusion, Bangladesh has significant potential to attract FDI, but there are challenges that need to be addressed. Improving political stability, government policies, and regulations, as well as investing in infrastructure, education, and healthcare, are critical for attracting more FDI to Bangladesh.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
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how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
1. Paper presented by
Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
Director General
ACC, Bangladesh
1
Investment Climate andInvestment Climate and
Foreign Direct InvestmentForeign Direct Investment
(FDI) in Bangladesh(FDI) in Bangladesh
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
2. 2
Contents:Contents:
1. What is Investment Climate
2. What is FDI
3. Current situation of FDI in Bangladesh
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
3. What is Investment Climate?What is Investment Climate?
Investment climate can be defined as the “policy,
institutional and behavioural environment, both
present and expected, that influences the returns and
risks associated with investment.”
This environment is generally seen as having three
main features:
Macroeconomic conditions
Governance and
Infrastructure.
5. Key Features of Investment ClimateKey Features of Investment Climate
Macroeconomic factors include such issues as fiscal, monetary, and
exchange rate policies.
Governance relates to government interactions with business,
which typically mean regulation and corruption, both of which
affect the cost of starting and running a business.
Infrastructure refers to the quality and quantity of physical
infrastructure (such as power, transport, and telecommunications).
More broadly, it can also refer to financial infrastructure (such as
banking) – or access to finance.
Apart from the three features mentioned above, the extent of
international integration as understood from the country’s trade
openness and the availability of a large workforce with sufficient
education and technological know-how are also crucial elements of
the investment climate.
6. Foreign Investment ScenarioForeign Investment Scenario
Because of the scarcity of domestic resources, there is the need
for more FDI in the country. Even though Bangladesh offers highly
attractive incentives for that purpose, the volume of FDI has
remained historically low in this country.
In per capita terms, FDI in Bangladesh in 2012 was only $7, as
compared to $31 in India and $32 in Pakistan (UNCTAD, World
Investment Report 2012).
Among the reasons behind low FDI inflows are such negative
factors as weak governance, administrative hassles, poor conditions
of infrastructure (roads, ports etc), corruption in public services,
poor law and order conditions, and above all, inadequate and
erratic supply of power and gas, which discourage investors to
invest in Bangladesh.
7. 7
Risk factors for FDI are minimum in Bangladesh
Bangladesh never posted negative economic growth during the
past 30 years
Bangladesh has never defaulted in its debt repayments, nor asked
for their rescheduling
Bangladesh has an open, market based economy led by a vibrant
and innovative private sector which provides the main stimulus
to its growth
Bangladesh is a homogeneous country with no religious, ethnic
or other forms of cultural conflicts
Bangladesh has outstanding records in human rights
Positive factors of Investment Climate in
Bangladesh
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
8. 8
What is FDI
Generally Foreign Direct Investment means:
“Establishing or expanding operations into a
foreign country with transfer of capital”
FDI is defined by UNCAD as:
An investment involving a long-term relationship
and reflecting a lasting interest and control by a
resident entity in one economy.
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
9. 9
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
1.FDI stands for Foreign Direct Investment, a
component of a country's national financial
accounts.
2.Foreign direct investment is investment of
foreign assets into domestic structures,
equipment, and organizations.
3.It does not include foreign investment into the
stock markets.
4.FDI is thought to be more useful to a country
than investments in the equity of its companies
because equity investments are potentially "hot
money" which can leave at the first sign ofMay 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
10. 10
Characteristics of FDI
1. It is long-term investment
2.Investment in physical assets
3.Aim is to increase enterprise capacity or
productivity or change management control
4. Leads to technology transfer, access to markets
and management inputs
5.Entry and exit is relatively difficult
6.FDI is eligible for profits of the company
7.Direct impact on employment of labour and
wages
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
11. 11
FDI has three components:
1. Equity capital is the foreign direct investor's purchase of
shares of an enterprise in a country other than its own.
2. Reinvested earnings comprise the direct investor's share
(in proportion to direct equity participation) of earnings not
distributed as dividends by affiliates, or earnings not remitted
to the direct investor. Such retained profits by affiliates are
reinvested.
3. Intra-company loans or debt transactions refer to
short- or long-term borrowing and lending of funds between
direct investors (parent enterprises) and affiliate enterprises.
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
12. 12
•Rate of interest
•Speculation
•Profitability
•Costs of production
•Economic conditions
•Government policies
•Political factors
Good projects
Demand Potential
Revenue Potential
Stable Policy
Environment/Political
Commitment
Minimum Risk
Allocation Framework
What are ForeignWhat are Foreign
Investors looking for?Investors looking for? Factors affecting FDI
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
13. 13
Business Stage Policy & Regulation
1. General - Bangladesh Industrial Policy (as undertaken time to time)
1. Business start-up - The Companies Act, 1994
- Securities and Exchange Commission Act, 1993
1. Protection - The Foreign Private Investment (Promotion & Protection) Act, 1980
1. Export Zones - Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority Act, 1980
- Bangladesh Private Export Processing Zones Authority Act, 1996
1. Facilitation - The Investment Board Act, 1989
1. Corporate /
Personal Taxation
and incentives
- Income Tax Ordinance 1984 and related rules and SROs
- National Budget
- The Finance Act/Bill
1. International Trade
(Export & Import)
- Bangladesh Export Policy (as undertaken from time to time)
- Bangladesh Import Orders (as undertaken from time to time)
1. Sectoral - Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission Act, 2003 (BERC)
- Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission Act, 2001 (BTRC)
- The National Drug Policy, 2005
1. Foreign Exchange - Bangladesh Foreign Exchange Guidelines (issued from time to time)
FDI Policy Frame work in Bangladesh
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
14. 14
Investment Protection
The Foreign Private Investment (Promotion and Protection) Act 1980
provides protection for investment made in Bangladesh against
- expropriation & nationalization
- equitable treatment
- exit and
- profit & capital repatriation.
In addition, Bilateral Investment Treaties and Tax Conventions (agreed
with 28 countries) provide further protection to investments.
FDI Policy Frame work in Bangladesh
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
15. 15
Investment Incentives
Fiscal Incentives
• Corporate tax holiday (outside EPZs):
5 to 7 years for selected sectors
• Accelerated depreciation on cost of
machinery for new industries in lieu of
tax holiday
• Reduced Corporate Tax for 5 to 7
years in lieu of tax holiday and
accelerated depreciation
• Avoidance of double taxation under
bilateral tax convention
• Tariff concessions on import of
capital machinery
• Tariff concessions on import of raw
materials of the export oriented
industries
• Bonded warehousing facility
Financial & Other Incentives
• Cash incentives and export
subsidies ranging from 5% to 20%
• Funds for export promotion, export
credit guarantee scheme, permission
for domestic sales up to 20% by
export-oriented companies outside
EPZ.
• Remittance of royalty, technical
know-how and technical assistance
fees
• Citizenship by investing a minimum
of US$ 5,00,000
• Permanent resident permits on
investing US$ 75,000
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
16. 16
Tax exemption on royalties, technical know how and technical
assistance fees and facilities for their repatriation
Tax exemption on interests on foreign loans
Tax exemptions on capital gains from transfer of shares by the
investing company
Remittances of upto 50% of salaries of the foreigners
employed in Bangladesh and facilities for repatriation of their
savings and retirement benefits at the time of their return
No restrictions on issuance of work permits to project related
foreign nationals and employees
Other facilities and incentives for foreign
Investors
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
17. 17
Facilities for repatriation of invested capital, profits
and dividends
Provision of transfer of shares held by foreign share
holders to local investors
Reinvestment of remittable dividends would be
treated as new investment
Level playing field: foreign owned companies duly
registered in Bangladesh will be on the same footing
as locally owned ones
Foreign investment in Bangladesh is secured
Other facilities and incentives for foreign
Investors
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
18. 18
• Infrastructure projects (Power
Generation, Gas and Oil Exploration,
Industrial Parks, High-tech Parks,
etc.)
• Composite Textiles and Ready Made
Garments with backward linkages
• Steel and Engineering
• Infocom Services (IT and IT enabled
services);
• Textile and other Industrial
Machinery and Parts thereof
• Frozen Shrimp, Frozen Fish for
export
• Finished Leather and Leather goods
• Home Appliances
• Telecommunication equipment
Semi-Conductor
• Fresh Fruits & Vegetables, Cooked/Semi
Cooked Food items, Canned Juice, Dairy
and Poultry, Livestock and Fisheries
• Automobile
• Central Effluent Treatment Plants in
Industrial Areas
• Paper from green jute and Allied Products
• Hotel & Motel
• Manufacturing of bicycle and two wheeler
for export
• Jute products
• Tourism
• Shipbuilding
• New forms of social capital with mass
transit networks, urban sewerage system,
river reclamation, forestry and clean
energy projects.
Sectoral Opportunities
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
19. Inflows of Foreign Direct Investment
There was an inflows of $666m foreign direct investment in
2009 which raised significantly in 2010 to $1086m. As of 2011,
inflows of foreign direct investment recorded to $1136.38m.
Inflows of foreign direct investment during 2007-2011
21. 21
Private investment in Bangladesh is facilitated
by a host of agencies:
1. Board of Investment (BOI)
Domestic and FDI (outside EPZs) – the apex Investment Facilitator
2. Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority (BEPZA)
Domestic and FDI (only in EPZs)
3. Privatization Commission
Privatization of State Owned Enterprises (SOE’s)
4. Sectoral regulatory bodies like BTRC, BERC
Telecom Regulatory Commission & Energy Regulatory Commission
5. Line Ministries and Agencies
For Power, MOPEMR and Power Development Board
BSCIC, Handloom Board etc. are generally responsible for
development of SMEs and Cottage industries by the domestic firms.
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
22. 22
BOI Functions are broadly
categorized into three areas:
1. Investment promotions;
2. Investment Facilitation
(approval, permission,
recommendations etc.
including aftercare) and
3. Policy Advocacy
BOI also works for investment
climate improvement.
Board of Investment
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
23. 23
1. Investment Counseling
2. Visa on Arrival (pre-registration)
3. Foreign/JV/Local Investment
a. Registration of New Industries
b. Visa Recommendation
c. Approval of Work Permits
d. Recommendation for IP, Machinery
Clearance Certificate
e. Recommendation for IRC, Bonded
Warehouse
f. Recommendation for Land
Acquisition
g. Approval of Royalty and Technical
Assistance Fees
h. Processing of Foreign Borrowing
4. Facilitation of Setting up
Foreign Commercial Offices*
a. Office Approval / Extension
b. Visa Recommendation
c. Approval of Work Permit
5. Facilitation of Utility Services
(Gas, Power, Telecom, Water
& Sewarage,
Environment, Taxation)
a. Counseling
b. Recommendation for
connectivity / Facilitation
Assistance of Board of Investment
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
24. 24
BEPZA Act, 1980 & Foreign Private Investment Act, 1980
1st EPZ : Chittagong became Operational in 1983
2nd EPZ : Dhaka starts in 1993
Other EPZs : Mongla, Comilla, Ishwardi, Uttara
(Nilphamari), Adamjee & Karnaphuli
2 new EPZs : Feni & Meghna under Implementation
Bangladesh Export Promotion Zones Authority
(BEPZA)
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
25. 25
4.87%
4.42%
5.26%
6.00%
5.88%
6.19%6.43%6.63%
5.96%
6.27%
5.27%
5.94%
5.23%5.39%
1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-
10p
During recession, Bangladesh did better than Malaysia and Vietnam.
Bangladesh has the capability (competitiveness) to do even better in the post-
recession period.
Real GDP Growth (%) in Bangladesh
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
27. 27
367
603
394 388
564
394 379
284
804
745
793 769
941
1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
Foreign Direct Investment in Bangladesh in US $ Million
World Investment report of UNCTAD, Bangladesh Bank
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
28. 28
1,719 1,739 1,523 1,602 1,307 1,583
2,470 2,705 2,930
3,484
5,077
6,149
7,471
10,750
1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-
10R
Foreign Exchange Reserve in Bangladesh in US $
million
Source: Bangladesh Economic Review, Bangladesh Bank
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
29. 29
Impact of FDI in Bangladesh
There is no specific study conducted to measure the
impact of FDI on the economic development in
Bangladesh.
General observations indicate that FDI plays significant
role in Bangladesh in terms of:
- Creation of physical infrastructure
- Technology transfer;
- Employment generation
- Access to capital; and
- Product and process innovation
FDI played a significant role in development of Telecom,
energy, power and cement sectors in Bangladesh.
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
30. 30
Concluding Remarks
The relative strengths of the costs and the benefits of FDI depend on whether the
economy has a sound investment climate. An investment environment is said to be
a sound one if the country has the following :
1. A sound macroeconomic environment, which depends on monetary and
fiscal policies and conditions such as stability of interest rates and status of
fiscal accounts;
2. Appropriate institutions, which depend on the existence of effective legal
and regulatory structures, a competition authority and investment promotion
and facilitation institutions; and
3. Adequate basic infrastructure, which implies adequate supplies of power,
water, land, transport and communications.
There is no single winning formula for maximizing benefits from FDI:
A sound investment environment is needed to establish linkage with the rest of the
economy.
If a country lacks basic infrastructure, linkages of FDI with the rest of the
economy might not be established and the country, most likely, would not benefit
from FDI. May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin
31. 31
"Our TREASURE is in our highly laborious PEOPLE!"
"...Discover the Potential"
May 16, 2014 Dr. Md. Shamsul Arefin