This document discusses investment and employment. It defines different types of unemployment like voluntary, involuntary, frictional, seasonal and cyclical unemployment. The consequences of unemployment include loss of GDP, income inequality and fiscal costs. The business cycle also impacts employment levels. Monetary policy can influence employment rates through expansionary or contractionary actions. Wages may be "sticky" and reluctant to adjust downwards. Investment is important for aggregate demand and long-term economic growth. Factors like uncertainty, income levels and innovations impact investment. Foreign direct investment can create or displace jobs depending on competitive effects. Domestic savings also impact the national income and cost of capital.