The document provides an overview of transportation engineering, emphasizing the safe and efficient movement of people and goods through various modes such as land, air, and water. It covers the principles of traffic engineering, infrastructure design, and the roles transportation plays in economic, social, and environmental contexts. Additionally, it outlines critical dimensions of change in transportation systems and the disciplines involved in transportation planning and development.

1. INTRODUCTION TO
TRANSPORTATION
ENGINEERING
4th
Semester Civil BUETK-Uthal

2. Transportation is …
1.
2.Safe, efficient, reliable, and
sustainable movement of
persons and goods over time
and space.
All about moving goods and people
from one place to another.

3. Transportation Engineering
Traffic Engineering
- is the application of technology and
scientific principles to the planning, functional
design, operation, and management of facilities
for any mode of transportation in order to provide
for the safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient,
economical, and environmentally compatible
movement of people and goods.
- is that phase of transportation engineering
which deals with the planning, geometric design
and traffic operations of roads, streets, and
highways, their networks, terminals, abutting lands,
and relationships with other modes of
transportation.

4. Transportation Engineering …
Traffic Engineering …
- Focuses on the infrastructure of transportation
FUNCTIONS & OBJECTIVES
- Design runways, build bridges, layout roads and plan
docking facilities
- Look at traffic patterns, determine when new transport
facilities are needed and come up with better ways
- Application of technology and scientific principles to the
planning, functional design, operation, and
- Management of facilities
- The principal objective of traffic engineering is to provide a
safe system for road traffic including pedestrians and
bicycles.
- Provision of efficient management & operations of road
transport network
Other objectives can be:
- Sustainability
- Environmental Impacts
- Comfort & convenience of the user
- Economy

5. Modes of Transportation
1. By Land
a) Railways
- Surface
- Underground
- Elevated
- Light rail transit
(LRT)
b) Road Transport
2. By Air
- Air Transport
3. By Water
- Water Transport
3. By Pipes
- Pipeline Transport

6. Engineering
1. Humans had migrated by their feet
2. Use domesticated animals to carry goods
3. Built machines and devices, like sleds and travois, to
help them carry more.
4. Establishing trading routes
5. Well-used paths became more and more
permanent.
6. These paths became the first roads
7. Maintain the roads and look at ways in which they
could be made easier to travel
8. The first transportation engineers.

7. Four critical dimensions of change
in Transportation System
1. Change in values of the
public
2. Changes in the technology
3. Change in operational policy
4. Change in the demand

8. Components of the Traffic Systems
1. Vehicular Traffic - Cars, Buses, Trucks, Taxis...
2. Road Conditions - Motorway, Highway,
Urban Arterial, Rural roads ...
3. Driver Characteristics - Young, Drunk,
Experienced, Learner’s License ...
4. Environmental Conditions - Rainy, Sunny,
Foggy, Night-time conditions ...
5. Control Devices - Signalised/Unsignalised ...

9. The characteristics of Transportation
System
1. Multi-disciplinary
2. Multi-sector
3. Multi-problem
4. Multi-objective
5. Multi-modal

10. Elements of a Transportation System
1. Infrastructure: which includes Road,
canal, rail, air Transfer points
Supporting elements (signs, signals,
safety)
2. Vehicles: which includes Planes, trains,
autos, buses, ships, trucks
3. Operators/Content : which includes
Drivers, pilots, freight, passengers

11. Role of Transportation in Society
1. Economic role of transportation
Transportation contributes two kinds of utilities
(place and time utility)
Major conclusion about the economic role of
transportation systems
a. adequate transportation infrastructure is necessary
for high level of economic activity to exist.
b. most transportation is not undertaken by its own sake
(though some take it for pleasure), but is what referred
to as Secondary Goods/secondary service.

12. Role of Transportation in Society
2. Social role of transportation
- Growth of Urban Centers
- Size and Pattern of Settlement
- Formation of settlements
3. Environmental role of transportation
- Safety
- Air Pollution
- Noise pollution
- Energy consumption
4. Other impacts
- Aesthetics
- Social life and social pattern

13. Major disciplines of Transportation
1. Transportation Planning - involves the development of a
transport model
2. Geometric Design - deals with physical proportioning of other
transportation facilities
= Cross-sectional features,
= Horizontal alignment,
= Vertical alignment and
= Intersections
3. Pavement Design - deals with the structural design of roads,
both (bituminous and concrete)
= Drainage design
= Functional design
= Structural design .
4. Traffic Engineering - covers a broad range of engineering
applications with a focus on …
= The safety of the public,
= The efficient use of transportation resources, and
= The mobility of people and goods.

14. Additional Disciplines of Transportation
1. Public Transportation
- study of the transportation system that meets the
travel need of several people by sharing a vehicle.
= characteristics of various modes
= planning
= management and operations
= policies for promoting public transportation
2. Financial and economic analysis
- tries to quantify the economic benefit which
includes saving in travel time, fuel consumption, etc.

15. Additional Disciplines of Transportation
3. Environmental Impact assessment
- attempts in quantifying the environmental impacts
and tries to evolve strategies for the mitigation and
reduction of the impact due to both construction and
operation.
4. Accident Analysis and Reduction
- looks at the causes of accidents, from the
perspective of human, road, and vehicle and
formulate plans for the reduction.
5. Intelligent Transport System
- offers better mobility, efficiency, and safety with
the help of the state-of-the-art technology

16. Factors in Transportation
Development
1. Economic Factors
2. Geographical Factor
3. Political Policies
4. Military
5. Technological Factor
6. Urbanization
7. Competition

17. END…
THANK YOU …