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Introduction to Servlets topic for https
- 1. Introduction to Servlets Servelets aresmall Java programs that runs within a Web server. They handle the requests made by the clients and return a response specific to the client's request. Servlets are designed to process large amounts of information and multi-threaded operation, and support the needs of Web clients.
- 2. What are servlets? 1Dynamic Web Content Servlets are server-side Java programs that generate dynamic content for web applications. 2 Powerful Capabilities They handle forms, reading and setting HTTP headers, session management, and much more. 3 Platform Independence Servlets can run on any operating system.
- 3. Servlet Lifecycle 1 Initialization Servletis loaded into memory and initialized. 2 Service Handles client requests and generates responses. 3 Destruction Servlet is removed from memory.
- 4. Servlet API javax.servlet package Containsmany classes and interfaces which are required for servlets. javax.servlet.http package Extends javax.servlet package with classes specific to HTTP requests and responses.
- 5. Handling HTTP Requestsand Responses 1 HTTP Requests Servlets can retrieve information sent by the client browser as part of an HTTP request. 2 HTTP Responses Servlets can dynamically generate a response based on the client's request and send it back to the client.
- 6. Servlet Configuration and Initialization web.xml XMLfile used to configure Servlets in a web application. Servlet Initialization Initialization parameters can be defined for a servlet in the deployment descriptor.
- 7. Session Management inServlets HTTP Session Enables tracking of user sessions across multiple servlets and requests. Cookies Servlets can use cookies to store client- specific information on the client's machine.
- 8. Servlet Filters 1 InterceptingRequests Filters can intercept and modify requests from a client before they reach a servlet. 2 Intercepting Responses Filters can also intercept and modify responses from a servlet before they are sent back to the client.
- 9. Servlet Listeners 1 ContextListeners Used to receive notifications about changes to the servlet context. 2 Attribute Listeners Used to receive notifications about changes to attributes in the servlet context.
- 10. Best Practices forServlet Development 1 Modularity Design servlets with modular components for better organization and maintenance. 2 Error Handling Implement robust error handling to enhance user experience and provide meaningful feedback. 3 Security Always prioritize security measures to protect against vulnerabilities and attacks. 4 Performance Tuning Optimize servlets for performance to ensure efficient use of system resources.