this slide is about the introduction to probability and statistics by Rana Sajjad Ali.

1. PROBABILITY
By:
1. Rana Sajjad Ali,
2. Abdullah Zafar,
3. CH. Faiq Shabbir,
4. Muhammad Rizwan,
5. Jawad

2. CONTENTS:
 Introduction to probability
 Sets
 Describing sets
 Subsets
 Venn Diagram
 Operations on sets
1. Union
2. Intersection
3. Difference
4. Complement
 Random Experiment
 Sample Space
 Events:
1. Mutually exclusive events
2. Exhaustive Events

3. INTRODUCTION:

4. Sets:
Set is a collection of distinct objects.
 A set is a gathering together into a
whole of definite, distinct objects of
our perception [Anschauung] or of
our thought—which are
called elements of the set.

5. Elements:
 Elements are the building blocks of the sets.

6. Describing a SET:
The Roster method:
A={1,3,5,7,9,11}
Descriptive method:
A={set of odd integers less than 13}
Set Builder Notation:
A={x|x is an odd Number x<12}

7. SUBSETS:
A is subset of B
A set that consists of some elements or
members of another set, is called a subset of
that set.
Here A is subset of B
Supersets:
Here B is
superset of A.

8. VEN DIAGRAM:

9. Operation on sets:
complementation
U
A
A-B
Difference

10. Random Experiment:

16. Mutually exclusive Events
HEAD
TAIL

18. Exhaustive Events:
Events are said to be collectively
exhaustive when the union of
mutually exclusive events is the
entire sample space S.