This document provides an introduction to the field of philosophy. It defines philosophy as the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, reason, mind, and language. The document outlines some of the main branches of philosophy, including metaphysics, which studies concepts like existence and causation; epistemology, which examines the nature of knowledge; and logic, which analyzes principles of reasoning. It also discusses how philosophy differs from science and religion in its approaches and aims.

1. Introduction to
Philosophy
By
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2. Introduction to Philosophy
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3. What is Philosophy?
• The Ancient Greek word “philosophia”
was probably coined by Pythagoras
and literally means "love of wisdom" or
"friend of wisdom".
• Philosophy is the study of the general
and fundamental nature of reality,
existence, knowledge, values, reason,
mind, and language.
(Source: Wikipedia)
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4. The noticeable people
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5. Some Philosophical questions
• What is good?
• What is beauty?
• Do we have free will?
• Does the world around us exist?
• What is a person?
• What is truth?
• What is evil?
• What is the relationship between mind and body?
• What is science?
• Does God exist?
• What is philosophy?
• What is love?
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6. Branches in Philosophy
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7. Branches in Philosophy
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• Philosophy, like most academic fields,
actually consists of several main branches.
• These branches themselves have sub-
branches and can become very
specialized as one progresses through
the field of study.
Metaphysics Epistemology
Logic. Axiology
Philosophy

8. Metaphysics
• Metaphysics is the study of the
most general features of reality,
such as existence, time, the
relationship between mind and
body, objects and their properties,
wholes and their parts, events,
processes, and causation.
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9. Metaphysics (cont.)
• Metaphysics is sometimes split up
into
o Ontology
• The philosophy of real life and living things
o The philosophy of mind
o The philosophy of religion
• But these sub-branches are very
close together.
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10. Metaphysics (cont.)
• Typical questions of interest
o What is reality?
o Is there anything very special about being a human
being or being alive at all?
o What is space?
o What is time?
o What is a mind?
o What is a body?
o What is consciousness?
o Do people have souls?
o Is there a God who created the Universe?
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11. Epistemology
• Epistemology is concerned with the
nature and scope of knowledge,
such as the relationships between
truth, belief, perception and
theories of justification.
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12. Epistemology (cont.)
• Typical questions of interest
o What is knowledge?
o How can we know anything?
o What is science?
o What is truth?
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13. Logic
• Logic is the study of the principles
of correct reasoning.
• Arguments use either deductive
reasoning or inductive reasoning.
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14. Logic (cont.)
• Typical questions of interest
o How can we reason correctly?
o How does the truth of an argument's premise
affect the truth of its conclusion?
o What do the words we use mean?
o How can we say things (especially ideas) in a way
that only has one meaning?
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15. Axiology (Study of values)
• Ethics
o Studies questions of how we should act.
• Aesthetics
o Studies questions about art and beauty
• Social/Political Philosophy
o Studies questions of which political and/or
economic institutions are most fair and just
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16. Axiology (cont.)
• Typical questions of interest
o What has value?
o Is time really money? or have we made it so?
o Does love, beauty, or justice hold any value?
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17. Science vs. Philosophy vs.
Religions
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18. Science
Philosophy
Religions
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19. Philosophy vs. Science
• Philosophers like to start with their
conclusions, and work to prove
them
• The primary tool of science is
actual experimentation
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20. Philosophy vs. Religions
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21. Thank You !
Presented by
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22. "We are what we repeatedly
do. Excellence, then, is not
an act, but a habit."
~ Aristotle.
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23. You may also interested in
“How to be a real
professional”
http://www.slideshare.net/auroracslk/ho
w-to-be-a-real-professional
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24. Contact Information
Premier Study Center
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Summerset College,
# 135, 3rd Floor,
DFCC Building,
High Level Road,
Maharagama.
0115 690 290
City Study Center
Aurora Computer Studies,
Summerset College,
# 88/2, 2nd Floor,
BOC Building,
High Level Road,
Kirulapone, Colombo 06
0703 001 010
For further details and enquiries :
Call - 0719 842030
E-mail – info@auroracs.lk
Web - www.auroracs.lk
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