Interviewing: the 'art of asking' or the 'art of listening'? There is no doubt that asking and listening are both crucial to the interview process, but we tend to spend a much greater proportion of our time working on getting our questions and questioning right. When it comes to the listening end of things, we barely give it a mention. Well, according to Hemingway, 'Most people never listen' , and unfortunately, there are quite a few researchers who would rather talk than listen. Remember: your job is to talk only enough to facilitate someone else's ability to answer. It is your interviewees' voice that you are seeking, and it is their voice that needs to be drawn out. Interview A method of data collection that involves researchers seeking open-ended answers related to a number of questions, topic areas or themes.

1. South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University named after U. Zhanibekov
INTERVIEWING
Prepared by: Abduzhaparova А., Asambaeva U., Berdibay N., Meirbek S.

2. PLAN:
Interview issues and types
Isssues and Complexities
The Interview Prosess
Conducting the Interview
Online Interviews
Strategies
Introduction

3. Introduction
I like to listen. I have learned a great deal from listening carefully. Most people never
listen. Ernest Hemingway
Interviewing: the 'art of asking' or the 'art of listening'? There is no doubt that asking
and listening are both crucial to the interview process, but we tend to spend a much
greater proportion of our time working on getting our questions and questioning right.
When it comes to the listening end of things, we barely give it a mention. Well,
according to Hemingway, 'Most people never listen', and unfortunately, there are quite
a few researchers who would rather talk than listen. Remember: your job is to talk only
enough to facilitate someone else's ability to answer. It is your interviewees' voice
that you are seeking, and it is their voice that needs to be drawn out.
Interview
A method of data collection that involves researchers seeking open-ended answers
related to a number of questions, topic areas or themes.

4. INTERVIEW ISSUES
AND TYPES

5. WILL YOU CONDUCT YOUR
INTERVIEW IN A FORMAL
MANNER OR WILL BE MORE
RELAXED?
Informal
Formal

6. WILL YOUR INTERVIEWS BE
HIGHLY STRUCTURED OR MORE
FREE FLOWING?
Semi-
structured
Structured
Unstructured

7. WILL YOU INTERVIEW ONE
PERSON AT A TIME OR WILL YOU
ATTEMPT TO TACKLE A GROUP?
Multiple
One-to-one
Focus
group

8. ISSUES AND COMPLEXITIES
What could be better than getting out there and actually talking to
real people, asking them what they really think, finding out at first-
hand how they genuinely feel?
Well, interviews allow all of this, but like any other data-collection
method, the opportunities are balanced by a series of challenges.
Interviews allow you to develop rapport and trust; provide you with
rich, in-depth qualitative data; allow for non-verbal as well as verbal
data; are flexible enough to allow you to explore tangents; are
structured enough to generate standardized, quantifiable data.

9. THE INTERVIEW PROCESS
As with surveying, conducting a ‘good’
interview is a process that requires a
lot more steps than you may realize.
Interviewing involves the need to: plan
for all contingencies; prepare an
interview schedule and data-recording
system; run a trial and modify the
process as appropriate; conduct the
interviews; and, finally, analyse the
data.

10. PLANNING
So exactly how much planning needs to go into an interview?
Don’t you just show up and ask a few questions?
If only it were that easy. As well as being clear on all the
details of the interview process, you need to remember that
there are two key players who need to be considered. The first
is your interviewee. You need to thoughtfully decide on who
you will be interviewing. The second key player is you, the
interviewer. This is a role that needs to be reflexively
considered. You need to recognize that you do have power as
an interviewer and that you can influence the responses of
your interviewee. If you do not work up a plan for neutralizing
this influence, you can jeopardize the integrity of your results.

11. THE SUCCESS OF YOUR INTERVIEW WILL HINGE UPON THE
FORETHOUGHT YOU HAVE PUT INTO THE PLANNING PROCESS
Population and sample
Access
Your role
Your biases
Ethics
Data
Details
Potential cultural
Contingencies

12. DEVELOPING YOUR INTERVIEW SCHEDULE AND RECORDING SYSTEM
Draft questions and themes
Review
Rewrite questions
Order questions
Prepare additional information
Decide on recording medhods
Train any note takers

13. PILOTING AND MODIFICATION
Have a run-through
1.
Reflect
2.
Seek feedback
3.
Review notes/transcribe data
4.
Make modifications
5.
Back to the start?
6.

14. CONDUCTING YOUR INTERVIEW INVOLVES THE NEED TO:
Take care of preliminaries
Make your interviewee as comfortable as possible
Ease into main questions
Keep a balance
Wind down and close the interview
Organize your data as soon as possible
Thematic analysis

15. ONLINE INTERVIEWS
Online interviewing allows you to expand your geographic boundaries – interviewing someone
overseas is no longer an issue. In fact, a single focus group can have participants from all over the
globe.
Instant messaging or a webcam, you are actually engaged in a computer-mediated relationship.
As such, you will need to consider how you will:
ensure that participants have access to the needed technology – computer, webcam, high-speed
Internet, programs such as Skype;
ensure participants have the technical competence/motivation to get it all working properly (think
of the aged here); if using instant messaging, ensure that participants can type/write well;
establish rapport and trust; achieve long-term commitment, if necessary;
control for interruptions.

16. THANK
You