General Proficiency report on IP address

1. Presented by-
Nilotpal Dev Sarma
B.E. 3rd SEMESTER
ELECTRONICS and TELECOMMUNICATION
Engineering

2. • IP Addresses.
• Types of IP Addresses.
• Class Ranges.
• IP Addresses Versions.
• NAT – Network Address Translation

3.  Every Computer that is connected to internet has
unique IP
 Address.
 It is 32 bit number.
 Two types of IP Address.
 Static IP – Remain Same at every session
 Dynamic IP – Changed at Every Session.

4.  Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
manages global IP ranges space.
 IANA works in cooperation with five Regional
Internet Registries (RIRs) to allocate IP address
blocks to Local Internet Registries (Internet service
providers) and other entities.

5. IP Addresses
There are currently five RIRs in operation:
American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) for North America and
parts of the Caribbean.
RIPE Network Coordination Centre (RIPE NCC) for Europe, the Middle
East and Central Asia.
Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre (APNIC) for Asia and the
Pacific region.
Latin American and Caribbean Internet Addresses Registry (LACNIC)
for Latin America and parts of the Caribbean region.
African Network Information Centre (AfriNIC) for Africa.

6. IPv4
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the fourth
revision in the development of the Internet
Protocol (IP) and it is the first version of the
protocol to be widely deployed.
IPv4 uses 32-bit (four-byte) addresses, which
limits the address space to 4,294,967,296 (232)
possible unique addresses.

7. IPv6
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the next-
generation Internet Layer protocol for packet-
switched internet works and the Internet.
IPv6 has a much larger address space than
IPv4. This is based on the definition of a 128-bit
address, whereas IPv4 used only 32 bits. The
new address space thus supports 2128 (about
3.403 1038 ) addresses.

8. IP Address Classes
Class Leading Start End CIDR Default
bits prefix subnet mask
Class A 0 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 /8 255.0.0.0
Class B 10 128.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 /16 255.255.0.0
Class C 110 192.0.0.0 223.255.255.255 /24 255.255.255.0
Class D 1110 224.0.0.0 239.255.255.255 /4 not defined
(multicast)
Class E 1111 240.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 /4 not defined
(reserved)

9. IPConfig
•Ipconfig is a DOS utility which can be used from MS-DOS and
a MS-DOS shell to display the network settings currently
assigned and given by a network. This command can be utilized
to verify a network connection as well as to verify your network
settings.

10. NAT
Network address translation (NAT) is the process of
modifying network address information in datagram packet
headers while in transit across a traffic routing device for the
purpose of remapping a given address space into another.