This document discusses internationalization (i18n) in software development. It explains that i18n involves abstracting text and formatting out of an application so it can be translated and localized for different languages and regions. The document provides advice on setting up i18n in a Rails application, including creating translation files for different languages and inserting translated text into views. It also compares different methods of setting the locale/language in application routes, recommending scoped routes that specify the locale in the URL path.