Interevent triggering in microseismicity induced by wastewater injection in Oklahoma and southern Kansas

1
Interevent triggering in microseismicity
induced by wastewater injection in
Oklahoma and southern Kansas
Kamran Karimi
Joern Davidsen
Department of Physics &
Astronomy

2
Injection-Induced Seismicity
fluid is injected into the porous layer
Arbuckle Formation
Crystalline Basement
1-2km
vertical diffusion into the crystaline
bedrock hosting faults
induced: seismic events directly
caused by human activities
(Anthropogenic)
Triggering: Failure of pres-existing weak
zones due to perturbation in stress state,
often accompanied by spatial clustering
Picture from Phys.org

3
Arbuckle Formation
Crystalline Basement
1-2km
Why we should care
about triggering!
Ellsworth, Science (2013)
Picture from Phys.org

4
+ Relocated Catalog (2014-2017)
A Systematic Assessment of the Spatiotemporal
Evolution of Fault Activation Through Induced
Seismicity in Oklahoma and Southern Kansas
Martin Schoenball1
and William L. Ellsworth1
1
Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Abstract Much of Oklahoma and southern Kansas has seen widespread seismic activity in the
that is attributed to large-scale wastewater disposal into the Arbuckle group. Using a waveform-
earthquake catalog, we perform a systematic study of the activity on several hundreds of identiﬁe
use 93 sequences with at least 30 events for a detailed analysis of their spatiotemporal evolution
awakened faults, seismicity tends to initiate at shallower depth and migrates deeper along the f
the sequence proceeds. No major sequence starts with the largest earthquake, and many sequen
months before they rise to peak activity. We study temporal clustering as a means to quantify e
interactions. Some sequences show no temporal clustering similar to Poissonian background sei
at much higher rate than the natural background. Other sequences exhibit strong temporal cluste
main shock-aftershock sequences. We conclude that once initiated by anthropogenic forcing, po
the activated faults in the Oklahoma/Kansas area are close enough to failure to continue failing
earthquake interactions. In many sequences, including those with the largest earthquakes, seism
continues within the previously activated region rather than by growing the activated area. The
monitoring seismicity with a low magnitude threshold and high location precision has the potenti
minor activity as it initiates failure on speciﬁc faults and thus provide time to take actions to mit
occurrence of potentially damaging earthquakes.
Plain Language Summary Much of Oklahoma and southern Kansas has expe
unprecedented level of earthquake activity in the last 8 years that is attributed to large-scale wa
PUBLICATIONS
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
RESEARCH ARTICLE
10.1002/2017JB014850
Key Points:
• Many sequences initiate months
before rising to peak activity, and
none starts with an earthquake larger
than M3.6
• Sequences propagate along faults
through a combination of earthquake
interactions and anthropogenic
stressing
• Improved monitoring has the chance
to anticipate increasing potential for
strong earthquakes
Correspondence to:
M. Schoenball,
schoenball@stanford.edu
Citation:
Schoenball, M., & Ellsworth, W. L. (2017).
A systematic assessment of the spatio-
temporal evolution of fault activation
through induced seismicity in
Oklahoma and southern Kansas. Journal
of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 122,
10,189–10,206. https://doi.org/10.1002/
2017JB014850
Received 9 AUG 2017
Accepted 22 NOV 2017

5
Oklahoma scale 400 km x 400 km x10 km

7
Complex spatial temporal patterns
how to quantify them?

8
Earthquake-Earthquake Triggering
?
?
j
?
i0
i1
i2
Declustering Criterion: Baiesi & Paczuski (2004),
Zaliapin et al. (2008), Zaliapin & Ben-Zion (2013)
MagnitudeDistance
For a given earthquake : tj,~rj, mj
consider those events with ti < tj
nij / |~ri ~rj|df
tij 10 bmi
n⇤
ij = min{nij}
⌧⇤
ij
.
= t⇤
ij10 b
mi
2
r⇤
ij
.
= r⇤
ij10 b
mi
2
<latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit>
Time
b : Guthenburg-Richter Exponent
df : Fractal Dimension<latexit sha1_base64="65dffpZkal8fFNYyCwl1LVjOjFE=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="65dffpZkal8fFNYyCwl1LVjOjFE=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="65dffpZkal8fFNYyCwl1LVjOjFE=">AAACL3icbVDLSgMxFM34tr6qLt0Ei+DGMiOC4kp8L6tYLXRKyaR32mAmMyR3xDL0j9z4K25EFHHrX5hpK2j1QOBwzrlJ7gkSKQy67oszNj4xOTU9M1uYm19YXCour1ybONUcqjyWsa4FzIAUCqooUEIt0cCiQMJNcHuU+zd3oI2I1RV2E2hErK1EKDhDKzWLp8E+9RHuMTtLsQMqSHV761LwDoKmJ/dJrEBhj/p+odUMv6OnmnFkkh6LCFR+da9ZLLlltw/6l3hDUiJDVJrFJ78V89TOI5fMmLrnJtjImEbBJfQKfmogYfyWtaFuqWIRmEbW37dHN6zSomGs7VFI++rPiYxFxnSjwCYjhh0z6uXif149xXCvkQmVpAiKDx4KU0kxpnl5tCU0cJRdSxjXwv6V8g7L27AVF2wJ3ujKf8n1dtlzy97FTungcFjHDFkj62STeGSXHJBzUiFVwskDeSKv5M15dJ6dd+djEB1zhjOr5Beczy82HanH</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="65dffpZkal8fFNYyCwl1LVjOjFE=">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</latexit>
weight<latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit>

9
j
i0
For a given earthquake : tj,~rj, mj
consider those events with ti < tj
nij / |~ri ~rj|df
tij 10 bmi
n⇤
ij = min{nij}
⌧⇤
ij
.
= t⇤
ij10 b
mi
2
r⇤
ij
.
= r⇤
ij10 b
mi
2
<latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="TQa3FaDptXZLxvqSm1TACuGp6r8=">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</latexit>
weight<latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="8HOn9TuVOToWNTvGa0ixCi8RV1A=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymY7aZduNnF3Ui2hv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLEikMuu63s7K6tr6xWdgqbu/s7u2XDg4bJk41hzqPZaxbATMghYI6CpTQSjSwKJDQDIY3U785Am1ErO5xnIAfsb4SoeAMreR3EJ4wewTRH+CkWyq7FXcGuky8nJRJjlq39NXpxTyNQCGXzJi25yboZ0yj4BImxU5qIGF8yPrQtlSxCIyfzY6e0FOr9GgYa1sK6Uz9PZGxyJhxFNjOiOHALHpT8T+vnWJ45WdCJSmC4vNFYSopxnSaAO0JDRzl2BLGtbC3Uj5gmnG0ORVtCN7iy8ukcV7x3Ip3d1GuXudxFMgxOSFnxCOXpEpuSY3UCScP5Jm8kjdn5Lw4787HvHXFyWeOyB84nz+VepKd</latexit>
extremal statistics<latexit sha1_base64="NQ+zjUTuALpaG3sQHQJ73+Nvt4E=">AAACA3icbVA9SwNBEN2LXzF+ndppsxgEq3AngpZBG8sIJhGSI+xtJsmS3btjd04MR8DGv2JjoYitf8LOf+MmuUITHww83puZ3XlhIoVBz/t2CkvLK6trxfXSxubW9o67u9cwcao51HksY30XMgNSRFBHgRLuEg1MhRKa4fBq4jfvQRsRR7c4SiBQrB+JnuAMrdRxD9oID5jZ0qCYpAatYVBwM+64Za/iTUEXiZ+TMslR67hf7W7MUwURcsmMaflegkHGtF0nYVxqpwYSxoesDy1LI6bABNn0hjE9tkqX9mJtK0I6VX9PZEwZM1Kh7VQMB2bem4j/ea0UexdBJqIkRYj47KFeKinGdBII7QoNHOXIEsa1sH+lfMA042hjK9kQ/PmTF0njtOJ7Ff/mrFy9zOMokkNyRE6IT85JlVyTGqkTTh7JM3klb86T8+K8Ox+z1oKTz+yTP3A+fwBT8ZiV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="NQ+zjUTuALpaG3sQHQJ73+Nvt4E=">AAACA3icbVA9SwNBEN2LXzF+ndppsxgEq3AngpZBG8sIJhGSI+xtJsmS3btjd04MR8DGv2JjoYitf8LOf+MmuUITHww83puZ3XlhIoVBz/t2CkvLK6trxfXSxubW9o67u9cwcao51HksY30XMgNSRFBHgRLuEg1MhRKa4fBq4jfvQRsRR7c4SiBQrB+JnuAMrdRxD9oID5jZ0qCYpAatYVBwM+64Za/iTUEXiZ+TMslR67hf7W7MUwURcsmMaflegkHGtF0nYVxqpwYSxoesDy1LI6bABNn0hjE9tkqX9mJtK0I6VX9PZEwZM1Kh7VQMB2bem4j/ea0UexdBJqIkRYj47KFeKinGdBII7QoNHOXIEsa1sH+lfMA042hjK9kQ/PmTF0njtOJ7Ff/mrFy9zOMokkNyRE6IT85JlVyTGqkTTh7JM3klb86T8+K8Ox+z1oKTz+yTP3A+fwBT8ZiV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="NQ+zjUTuALpaG3sQHQJ73+Nvt4E=">AAACA3icbVA9SwNBEN2LXzF+ndppsxgEq3AngpZBG8sIJhGSI+xtJsmS3btjd04MR8DGv2JjoYitf8LOf+MmuUITHww83puZ3XlhIoVBz/t2CkvLK6trxfXSxubW9o67u9cwcao51HksY30XMgNSRFBHgRLuEg1MhRKa4fBq4jfvQRsRR7c4SiBQrB+JnuAMrdRxD9oID5jZ0qCYpAatYVBwM+64Za/iTUEXiZ+TMslR67hf7W7MUwURcsmMaflegkHGtF0nYVxqpwYSxoesDy1LI6bABNn0hjE9tkqX9mJtK0I6VX9PZEwZM1Kh7VQMB2bem4j/ea0UexdBJqIkRYj47KFeKinGdBII7QoNHOXIEsa1sH+lfMA042hjK9kQ/PmTF0njtOJ7Ff/mrFy9zOMokkNyRE6IT85JlVyTGqkTTh7JM3klb86T8+K8Ox+z1oKTz+yTP3A+fwBT8ZiV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="NQ+zjUTuALpaG3sQHQJ73+Nvt4E=">AAACA3icbVA9SwNBEN2LXzF+ndppsxgEq3AngpZBG8sIJhGSI+xtJsmS3btjd04MR8DGv2JjoYitf8LOf+MmuUITHww83puZ3XlhIoVBz/t2CkvLK6trxfXSxubW9o67u9cwcao51HksY30XMgNSRFBHgRLuEg1MhRKa4fBq4jfvQRsRR7c4SiBQrB+JnuAMrdRxD9oID5jZ0qCYpAatYVBwM+64Za/iTUEXiZ+TMslR67hf7W7MUwURcsmMaflegkHGtF0nYVxqpwYSxoesDy1LI6bABNn0hjE9tkqX9mJtK0I6VX9PZEwZM1Kh7VQMB2bem4j/ea0UexdBJqIkRYj47KFeKinGdBII7QoNHOXIEsa1sH+lfMA042hjK9kQ/PmTF0njtOJ7Ff/mrFy9zOMokkNyRE6IT85JlVyTGqkTTh7JM3klb86T8+K8Ox+z1oKTz+yTP3A+fwBT8ZiV</latexit>
“Trigger" & “Triggered"

10
i0
j1
j2
j0
j3
Seismic Network
+ add one node at a time
+ weigh the possible links
+ choose the most likely trigger

11
Seismic Network
new mapping: events are centered based
on their triggers’ location and time
Scaled Time
ScaledDistance
i0
j1
j2
j0

12
Seismic Network
Scaled Time
ScaledDistance
ScaledDistance
Scaled Time
Actual Data Shufﬂed Data
Suitable Null Model Of Uncorrelated
Events: Poisson Process With GR Rate

13
-99.1°
-99.0°
-98.9°
-98.8°
-98.7°
36.3°
36.4°
36.5°
36.6°
2016-02-02
2016-04-02
2016-06-01
2
4
6
-97.7°
-97.6°
-97.5°
-97.4°
36.0N
36.1°
36.2°
36.3°
36.4°
2015-06-10
2015-07-04
2015-07-27
2
4
6
Longitude Longitude
Year/Month/Day Year/Month/Day
Latitude
Latitude
m
m
(a) (b)
.
0 5
km
10
Figure 3: Spatial and temporal clustering patterns associated with two large
magnitude triggers with a) mi = 5.2 and b) mi = 5.8 indicated by the solid
black circles. The symbol size indicates the event magnitude. Colors represent
di↵erent populations. Light grey circles ( ) in the background indicate events
that are not attributed to the marked trigger. Red symbols ( ) denote direct and
indirect aftershocks. The insets show the magnitude time series and existing
aftershock sequence.
Identify clusters in space and time
identified how many clusters?
a few hundreds clusters
were identiﬁed by this methodology

14
Spatial Properties
of Triggering
r<latexit
sha1_base64="D+vIjYIYiuYBqfGNJBmXYbUZJb0=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lEqMeiF48t2A9oQ9lsJ+3azSbsboQS+gu8eFDEqz/Jm//GbZuDtj4YeLw3w8y8IBFcG9f9dgobm1vbO8Xd0t7+weFR+fikreNUMWyxWMSqG1CNgktsGW4EdhOFNAoEdoLJ3dzvPKHSPJYPZpqgH9GR5CFn1FipqQblilt1FyDrxMtJBXI0BuWv/jBmaYTSMEG17nluYvyMKsOZwFmpn2pMKJvQEfYslTRC7WeLQ2fkwipDEsbKljRkof6eyGik9TQKbGdEzVivenPxP6+XmvDGz7hMUoOSLReFqSAmJvOvyZArZEZMLaFMcXsrYWOqKDM2m5INwVt9eZ20r6qeW/Wa15X6bR5HEc7gHC7BgxrU4R4a0AIGCM/wCm/Oo/PivDsfy9aCk8+cwh84nz/dIYz2</latexit>
<latexit
<latexit
<latexit
Distance (km)
m<latexit sha1_base64="uIbhaxHObW9k+KtpSlNLCo0J2X4=">AAAB6HicbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9Bj04jEB84BkCbOT3mTMzOwyMyuEkC/w4kERr36SN//GSbIHTSxoKKq66e6KUsGN9f1vb219Y3Nru7BT3N3bPzgsHR03TZJphg2WiES3I2pQcIUNy63AdqqRykhgKxrdzfzWE2rDE/VgxymGkg4Ujzmj1kl12SuV/Yo/B1klQU7KkKPWK311+wnLJCrLBDWmE/ipDSdUW84ETovdzGBK2YgOsOOoohJNOJkfOiXnTumTONGulCVz9ffEhEpjxjJynZLaoVn2ZuJ/Xiez8U044SrNLCq2WBRngtiEzL4mfa6RWTF2hDLN3a2EDammzLpsii6EYPnlVdK8rAR+Jahflau3eRwFOIUzuIAArqEK91CDBjBAeIZXePMevRfv3ftYtK55+cwJ/IH3+QPVjYzx</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="uIbhaxHObW9k+KtpSlNLCo0J2X4=">AAAB6HicbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9Bj04jEB84BkCbOT3mTMzOwyMyuEkC/w4kERr36SN//GSbIHTSxoKKq66e6KUsGN9f1vb219Y3Nru7BT3N3bPzgsHR03TZJphg2WiES3I2pQcIUNy63AdqqRykhgKxrdzfzWE2rDE/VgxymGkg4Ujzmj1kl12SuV/Yo/B1klQU7KkKPWK311+wnLJCrLBDWmE/ipDSdUW84ETovdzGBK2YgOsOOoohJNOJkfOiXnTumTONGulCVz9ffEhEpjxjJynZLaoVn2ZuJ/Xiez8U044SrNLCq2WBRngtiEzL4mfa6RWTF2hDLN3a2EDammzLpsii6EYPnlVdK8rAR+Jahflau3eRwFOIUzuIAArqEK91CDBjBAeIZXePMevRfv3ftYtK55+cwJ/IH3+QPVjYzx</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="uIbhaxHObW9k+KtpSlNLCo0J2X4=">AAAB6HicbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9Bj04jEB84BkCbOT3mTMzOwyMyuEkC/w4kERr36SN//GSbIHTSxoKKq66e6KUsGN9f1vb219Y3Nru7BT3N3bPzgsHR03TZJphg2WiES3I2pQcIUNy63AdqqRykhgKxrdzfzWE2rDE/VgxymGkg4Ujzmj1kl12SuV/Yo/B1klQU7KkKPWK311+wnLJCrLBDWmE/ipDSdUW84ETovdzGBK2YgOsOOoohJNOJkfOiXnTumTONGulCVz9ffEhEpjxjJynZLaoVn2ZuJ/Xiez8U044SrNLCq2WBRngtiEzL4mfa6RWTF2hDLN3a2EDammzLpsii6EYPnlVdK8rAR+Jahflau3eRwFOIUzuIAArqEK91CDBjBAeIZXePMevRfv3ftYtK55+cwJ/IH3+QPVjYzx</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="uIbhaxHObW9k+KtpSlNLCo0J2X4=">AAAB6HicbVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9Bj04jEB84BkCbOT3mTMzOwyMyuEkC/w4kERr36SN//GSbIHTSxoKKq66e6KUsGN9f1vb219Y3Nru7BT3N3bPzgsHR03TZJphg2WiES3I2pQcIUNy63AdqqRykhgKxrdzfzWE2rDE/VgxymGkg4Ujzmj1kl12SuV/Yo/B1klQU7KkKPWK311+wnLJCrLBDWmE/ipDSdUW84ETovdzGBK2YgOsOOoohJNOJkfOiXnTumTONGulCVz9ffEhEpjxjJynZLaoVn2ZuJ/Xiez8U044SrNLCq2WBRngtiEzL4mfa6RWTF2hDLN3a2EDammzLpsii6EYPnlVdK8rAR+Jahflau3eRwFOIUzuIAArqEK91CDBjBAeIZXePMevRfv3ftYtK55+cwJ/IH3+QPVjYzx</latexit>
N / rDf
<latexit sha1_base64="XOOx/rjsmdSf/owTJAODTMfal1U=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1KOXxSJ4KokIeizqwZNUsB/QxrDZbtqlm92wuymU0H/ixYMiXv0n3vw3btsctPXBwOO9GWbmRSln2njet7Oyura+sVnaKm/v7O7tuweHTS0zRWiDSC5VO8KaciZowzDDaTtVFCcRp61oeDP1WyOqNJPi0YxTGiS4L1jMCDZWCl33vpsqmRqJ1FN+G8aT0K14VW8GtEz8glSgQD10v7o9SbKECkM41rrje6kJcqwMI5xOyt1M0xSTIe7TjqUCJ1QH+ezyCTq1Sg/FUtkSBs3U3xM5TrQeJ5HtTLAZ6EVvKv7ndTITXwU5E2lmqCDzRXHGkX10GgPqMUWJ4WNLMFHM3orIACtMjA2rbEPwF19eJs3zqu9V/YeLSu26iKMEx3ACZ+DDJdTgDurQAAIjeIZXeHNy58V5dz7mrStOMXMEf+B8/gB5HJOK</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="XOOx/rjsmdSf/owTJAODTMfal1U=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1KOXxSJ4KokIeizqwZNUsB/QxrDZbtqlm92wuymU0H/ixYMiXv0n3vw3btsctPXBwOO9GWbmRSln2njet7Oyura+sVnaKm/v7O7tuweHTS0zRWiDSC5VO8KaciZowzDDaTtVFCcRp61oeDP1WyOqNJPi0YxTGiS4L1jMCDZWCl33vpsqmRqJ1FN+G8aT0K14VW8GtEz8glSgQD10v7o9SbKECkM41rrje6kJcqwMI5xOyt1M0xSTIe7TjqUCJ1QH+ezyCTq1Sg/FUtkSBs3U3xM5TrQeJ5HtTLAZ6EVvKv7ndTITXwU5E2lmqCDzRXHGkX10GgPqMUWJ4WNLMFHM3orIACtMjA2rbEPwF19eJs3zqu9V/YeLSu26iKMEx3ACZ+DDJdTgDurQAAIjeIZXeHNy58V5dz7mrStOMXMEf+B8/gB5HJOK</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="XOOx/rjsmdSf/owTJAODTMfal1U=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1KOXxSJ4KokIeizqwZNUsB/QxrDZbtqlm92wuymU0H/ixYMiXv0n3vw3btsctPXBwOO9GWbmRSln2njet7Oyura+sVnaKm/v7O7tuweHTS0zRWiDSC5VO8KaciZowzDDaTtVFCcRp61oeDP1WyOqNJPi0YxTGiS4L1jMCDZWCl33vpsqmRqJ1FN+G8aT0K14VW8GtEz8glSgQD10v7o9SbKECkM41rrje6kJcqwMI5xOyt1M0xSTIe7TjqUCJ1QH+ezyCTq1Sg/FUtkSBs3U3xM5TrQeJ5HtTLAZ6EVvKv7ndTITXwU5E2lmqCDzRXHGkX10GgPqMUWJ4WNLMFHM3orIACtMjA2rbEPwF19eJs3zqu9V/YeLSu26iKMEx3ACZ+DDJdTgDurQAAIjeIZXeHNy58V5dz7mrStOMXMEf+B8/gB5HJOK</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="XOOx/rjsmdSf/owTJAODTMfal1U=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1KOXxSJ4KokIeizqwZNUsB/QxrDZbtqlm92wuymU0H/ixYMiXv0n3vw3btsctPXBwOO9GWbmRSln2njet7Oyura+sVnaKm/v7O7tuweHTS0zRWiDSC5VO8KaciZowzDDaTtVFCcRp61oeDP1WyOqNJPi0YxTGiS4L1jMCDZWCl33vpsqmRqJ1FN+G8aT0K14VW8GtEz8glSgQD10v7o9SbKECkM41rrje6kJcqwMI5xOyt1M0xSTIe7TjqUCJ1QH+ezyCTq1Sg/FUtkSBs3U3xM5TrQeJ5HtTLAZ6EVvKv7ndTITXwU5E2lmqCDzRXHGkX10GgPqMUWJ4WNLMFHM3orIACtMjA2rbEPwF19eJs3zqu9V/YeLSu26iKMEx3ACZ+DDJdTgDurQAAIjeIZXeHNy58V5dz7mrStOMXMEf+B8/gB5HJOK</latexit>
?
⇢ /
1
rD Df<latexit sha1_base64="UCLHeUFllnbCHpab87O+FcFkfd0=">AAACCHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJEBiwqJhSpBSDBW0IGxSPQhNSFyXKe16tiR7SBVUUYWfoWFAYRY+QQ2/ga3zQAtR7J0dM69uj4nTBhV2nG+rdLS8srqWnm9srG5tb1j7+61lUglJi0smJDdECnCKCctTTUj3UQSFIeMdMLR9cTvPBCpqOB3epwQP0YDTiOKkTZSYB96cii8RIpEC+hFEuHMzTN5nzVOG0GU54FddWrOFHCRuAWpggLNwP7y+gKnMeEaM6RUz3US7WdIaooZySteqkiC8AgNSM9QjmKi/GwaJIfHRunDSEjzuIZT9fdGhmKlxnFoJmOkh2rem4j/eb1UR5d+RnmSasLx7FCUMmhCT1qBfSoJ1mxsCMKSmr9CPESmDW26q5gS3PnIi6R9VnOdmnt7Xq1fFXWUwQE4AifABRegDm5AE7QABo/gGbyCN+vJerHerY/ZaMkqdvbBH1ifPxpZmgE=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="UCLHeUFllnbCHpab87O+FcFkfd0=">AAACCHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJEBiwqJhSpBSDBW0IGxSPQhNSFyXKe16tiR7SBVUUYWfoWFAYRY+QQ2/ga3zQAtR7J0dM69uj4nTBhV2nG+rdLS8srqWnm9srG5tb1j7+61lUglJi0smJDdECnCKCctTTUj3UQSFIeMdMLR9cTvPBCpqOB3epwQP0YDTiOKkTZSYB96cii8RIpEC+hFEuHMzTN5nzVOG0GU54FddWrOFHCRuAWpggLNwP7y+gKnMeEaM6RUz3US7WdIaooZySteqkiC8AgNSM9QjmKi/GwaJIfHRunDSEjzuIZT9fdGhmKlxnFoJmOkh2rem4j/eb1UR5d+RnmSasLx7FCUMmhCT1qBfSoJ1mxsCMKSmr9CPESmDW26q5gS3PnIi6R9VnOdmnt7Xq1fFXWUwQE4AifABRegDm5AE7QABo/gGbyCN+vJerHerY/ZaMkqdvbBH1ifPxpZmgE=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="UCLHeUFllnbCHpab87O+FcFkfd0=">AAACCHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJEBiwqJhSpBSDBW0IGxSPQhNSFyXKe16tiR7SBVUUYWfoWFAYRY+QQ2/ga3zQAtR7J0dM69uj4nTBhV2nG+rdLS8srqWnm9srG5tb1j7+61lUglJi0smJDdECnCKCctTTUj3UQSFIeMdMLR9cTvPBCpqOB3epwQP0YDTiOKkTZSYB96cii8RIpEC+hFEuHMzTN5nzVOG0GU54FddWrOFHCRuAWpggLNwP7y+gKnMeEaM6RUz3US7WdIaooZySteqkiC8AgNSM9QjmKi/GwaJIfHRunDSEjzuIZT9fdGhmKlxnFoJmOkh2rem4j/eb1UR5d+RnmSasLx7FCUMmhCT1qBfSoJ1mxsCMKSmr9CPESmDW26q5gS3PnIi6R9VnOdmnt7Xq1fFXWUwQE4AifABRegDm5AE7QABo/gGbyCN+vJerHerY/ZaMkqdvbBH1ifPxpZmgE=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="UCLHeUFllnbCHpab87O+FcFkfd0=">AAACCHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJEBiwqJhSpBSDBW0IGxSPQhNSFyXKe16tiR7SBVUUYWfoWFAYRY+QQ2/ga3zQAtR7J0dM69uj4nTBhV2nG+rdLS8srqWnm9srG5tb1j7+61lUglJi0smJDdECnCKCctTTUj3UQSFIeMdMLR9cTvPBCpqOB3epwQP0YDTiOKkTZSYB96cii8RIpEC+hFEuHMzTN5nzVOG0GU54FddWrOFHCRuAWpggLNwP7y+gKnMeEaM6RUz3US7WdIaooZySteqkiC8AgNSM9QjmKi/GwaJIfHRunDSEjzuIZT9fdGhmKlxnFoJmOkh2rem4j/eb1UR5d+RnmSasLx7FCUMmhCT1qBfSoJ1mxsCMKSmr9CPESmDW26q5gS3PnIi6R9VnOdmnt7Xq1fFXWUwQE4AifABRegDm5AE7QABo/gGbyCN+vJerHerY/ZaMkqdvbBH1ifPxpZmgE=</latexit>
ProbabilityDensity(km-1)

15
Spatial Properties
of Triggering
↵ ' 0.4<latexit sha1_base64="WqBQsQOZhZGJhAo0wUUhhOBDIGI=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/oh69LBbBU0mkoMeiF48V7Ac0oWy2k3bp7ibubgol9J948aCIV/+JN/+N2zYHbX0w8Hhvhpl5UcqZNp737ZQ2Nre2d8q7lb39g8Mj9/ikrZNMUWjRhCeqGxENnEloGWY4dFMFREQcOtH4bu53JqA0S+SjmaYQCjKULGaUGCv1XTcgPB2RQDMBT9ir1ftu1at5C+B14hekigo0++5XMEhoJkAayonWPd9LTZgTZRjlMKsEmYaU0DEZQs9SSQToMF9cPsMXVhngOFG2pMEL9fdEToTWUxHZTkHMSK96c/E/r5eZ+CbMmUwzA5IuF8UZxybB8xjwgCmghk8tIVQxeyumI6IINTasig3BX315nbSvar5X8x/q1cZtEUcZnaFzdIl8dI0a6B41UQtRNEHP6BW9Obnz4rw7H8vWklPMnKI/cD5/AG5Ykto=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="WqBQsQOZhZGJhAo0wUUhhOBDIGI=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/oh69LBbBU0mkoMeiF48V7Ac0oWy2k3bp7ibubgol9J948aCIV/+JN/+N2zYHbX0w8Hhvhpl5UcqZNp737ZQ2Nre2d8q7lb39g8Mj9/ikrZNMUWjRhCeqGxENnEloGWY4dFMFREQcOtH4bu53JqA0S+SjmaYQCjKULGaUGCv1XTcgPB2RQDMBT9ir1ftu1at5C+B14hekigo0++5XMEhoJkAayonWPd9LTZgTZRjlMKsEmYaU0DEZQs9SSQToMF9cPsMXVhngOFG2pMEL9fdEToTWUxHZTkHMSK96c/E/r5eZ+CbMmUwzA5IuF8UZxybB8xjwgCmghk8tIVQxeyumI6IINTasig3BX315nbSvar5X8x/q1cZtEUcZnaFzdIl8dI0a6B41UQtRNEHP6BW9Obnz4rw7H8vWklPMnKI/cD5/AG5Ykto=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="WqBQsQOZhZGJhAo0wUUhhOBDIGI=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/oh69LBbBU0mkoMeiF48V7Ac0oWy2k3bp7ibubgol9J948aCIV/+JN/+N2zYHbX0w8Hhvhpl5UcqZNp737ZQ2Nre2d8q7lb39g8Mj9/ikrZNMUWjRhCeqGxENnEloGWY4dFMFREQcOtH4bu53JqA0S+SjmaYQCjKULGaUGCv1XTcgPB2RQDMBT9ir1ftu1at5C+B14hekigo0++5XMEhoJkAayonWPd9LTZgTZRjlMKsEmYaU0DEZQs9SSQToMF9cPsMXVhngOFG2pMEL9fdEToTWUxHZTkHMSK96c/E/r5eZ+CbMmUwzA5IuF8UZxybB8xjwgCmghk8tIVQxeyumI6IINTasig3BX315nbSvar5X8x/q1cZtEUcZnaFzdIl8dI0a6B41UQtRNEHP6BW9Obnz4rw7H8vWklPMnKI/cD5/AG5Ykto=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="WqBQsQOZhZGJhAo0wUUhhOBDIGI=">AAAB+XicbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/oh69LBbBU0mkoMeiF48V7Ac0oWy2k3bp7ibubgol9J948aCIV/+JN/+N2zYHbX0w8Hhvhpl5UcqZNp737ZQ2Nre2d8q7lb39g8Mj9/ikrZNMUWjRhCeqGxENnEloGWY4dFMFREQcOtH4bu53JqA0S+SjmaYQCjKULGaUGCv1XTcgPB2RQDMBT9ir1ftu1at5C+B14hekigo0++5XMEhoJkAayonWPd9LTZgTZRjlMKsEmYaU0DEZQs9SSQToMF9cPsMXVhngOFG2pMEL9fdEToTWUxHZTkHMSK96c/E/r5eZ+CbMmUwzA5IuF8UZxybB8xjwgCmghk8tIVQxeyumI6IINTasig3BX315nbSvar5X8x/q1cZtEUcZnaFzdIl8dI0a6B41UQtRNEHP6BW9Obnz4rw7H8vWklPMnKI/cD5/AG5Ykto=</latexit>
1<latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit>
⌫ ' 3<latexit sha1_base64="zuylTV8uQuP9Qz/b+zTqq1vxfJ4=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXJVEBV0W3bisYB/QhDKZ3LZDJ5M4MxFK7MJfceNCEbf+hjv/xmmahbYeuHA45965c0+QcKa043xbpaXlldW18nplY3Nre8fe3WupOJUUmjTmsewERAFnApqaaQ6dRAKJAg7tYHQ99dsPIBWLxZ0eJ+BHZCBYn1GijdSzD7z8jUxCOPFE6ikWwT0+69lVp+bkwIvELUgVFWj07C8vjGkagdCUE6W6rpNoPyNSM8phUvFSBQmhIzKArqGCRKD8LN89wcdGCXE/lqaExrn6eyIjkVLjKDCdEdFDNe9Nxf+8bqr7l37GRJJqEHS2qJ9yrGM8DQOHTALVfGwIoZKZv2I6JJJQbSKrmBDc+ZMXSeu05jo19/a8Wr8q4iijQ3SETpCLLlAd3aAGaiKKHtEzekVv1pP1Yr1bH7PWklXM7KM/sD5/AE4tlkI=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="zuylTV8uQuP9Qz/b+zTqq1vxfJ4=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXJVEBV0W3bisYB/QhDKZ3LZDJ5M4MxFK7MJfceNCEbf+hjv/xmmahbYeuHA45965c0+QcKa043xbpaXlldW18nplY3Nre8fe3WupOJUUmjTmsewERAFnApqaaQ6dRAKJAg7tYHQ99dsPIBWLxZ0eJ+BHZCBYn1GijdSzD7z8jUxCOPFE6ikWwT0+69lVp+bkwIvELUgVFWj07C8vjGkagdCUE6W6rpNoPyNSM8phUvFSBQmhIzKArqGCRKD8LN89wcdGCXE/lqaExrn6eyIjkVLjKDCdEdFDNe9Nxf+8bqr7l37GRJJqEHS2qJ9yrGM8DQOHTALVfGwIoZKZv2I6JJJQbSKrmBDc+ZMXSeu05jo19/a8Wr8q4iijQ3SETpCLLlAd3aAGaiKKHtEzekVv1pP1Yr1bH7PWklXM7KM/sD5/AE4tlkI=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="zuylTV8uQuP9Qz/b+zTqq1vxfJ4=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXJVEBV0W3bisYB/QhDKZ3LZDJ5M4MxFK7MJfceNCEbf+hjv/xmmahbYeuHA45965c0+QcKa043xbpaXlldW18nplY3Nre8fe3WupOJUUmjTmsewERAFnApqaaQ6dRAKJAg7tYHQ99dsPIBWLxZ0eJ+BHZCBYn1GijdSzD7z8jUxCOPFE6ikWwT0+69lVp+bkwIvELUgVFWj07C8vjGkagdCUE6W6rpNoPyNSM8phUvFSBQmhIzKArqGCRKD8LN89wcdGCXE/lqaExrn6eyIjkVLjKDCdEdFDNe9Nxf+8bqr7l37GRJJqEHS2qJ9yrGM8DQOHTALVfGwIoZKZv2I6JJJQbSKrmBDc+ZMXSeu05jo19/a8Wr8q4iijQ3SETpCLLlAd3aAGaiKKHtEzekVv1pP1Yr1bH7PWklXM7KM/sD5/AE4tlkI=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="zuylTV8uQuP9Qz/b+zTqq1vxfJ4=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXJVEBV0W3bisYB/QhDKZ3LZDJ5M4MxFK7MJfceNCEbf+hjv/xmmahbYeuHA45965c0+QcKa043xbpaXlldW18nplY3Nre8fe3WupOJUUmjTmsewERAFnApqaaQ6dRAKJAg7tYHQ99dsPIBWLxZ0eJ+BHZCBYn1GijdSzD7z8jUxCOPFE6ikWwT0+69lVp+bkwIvELUgVFWj07C8vjGkagdCUE6W6rpNoPyNSM8phUvFSBQmhIzKArqGCRKD8LN89wcdGCXE/lqaExrn6eyIjkVLjKDCdEdFDNe9Nxf+8bqr7l37GRJJqEHS2qJ9yrGM8DQOHTALVfGwIoZKZv2I6JJJQbSKrmBDc+ZMXSeu05jo19/a8Wr8q4iijQ3SETpCLLlAd3aAGaiKKHtEzekVv1pP1Yr1bH7PWklXM7KM/sD5/AE4tlkI=</latexit>
+ exponent obtained for tectonic-based
seismicity (Arcangelis et al. 2016)
1<υ<2
+ short-ranged for induced earthquakes
υ 3
different mechanism??
r/10↵m
<latexit sha1_base64="CwJKdBQjgBpX7dFs/jvGM3qhiq0=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVU1E0GXRjcsK9gFNLJPJpB06MwkzE6GEgBt/xY0LRdz6E+78G6dpFtp64MLhnHvnzj1BwqjSjvNtVZaWV1bXquu1jc2t7R17d6+j4lRi0sYxi2UvQIowKkhbU81IL5EE8YCRbjC+nvrdByIVjcWdniTE52goaEQx0kYa2AfSKx7JJAnzU9e5zzzEkhGCPB/YdafhFICLxC1JHZRoDewvL4xxyonQmCGl+q6TaD9DUlPMSF7zUkUShMdoSPqGCsSJ8rNifQ6PjRLCKJamhIaF+nsiQ1ypCQ9MJ0d6pOa9qfif1091dOlnVCSpJgLPFkUpgzqG00BgSCXBmk0MQVhS81eIR0girE1sNROCO3/yIumcNVyn4d6e15tXZRxVcAiOwAlwwQVoghvQAm2AwSN4Bq/gzXqyXqx362PWWrHKmX3wB9bnD95Gl6Q=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CwJKdBQjgBpX7dFs/jvGM3qhiq0=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVU1E0GXRjcsK9gFNLJPJpB06MwkzE6GEgBt/xY0LRdz6E+78G6dpFtp64MLhnHvnzj1BwqjSjvNtVZaWV1bXquu1jc2t7R17d6+j4lRi0sYxi2UvQIowKkhbU81IL5EE8YCRbjC+nvrdByIVjcWdniTE52goaEQx0kYa2AfSKx7JJAnzU9e5zzzEkhGCPB/YdafhFICLxC1JHZRoDewvL4xxyonQmCGl+q6TaD9DUlPMSF7zUkUShMdoSPqGCsSJ8rNifQ6PjRLCKJamhIaF+nsiQ1ypCQ9MJ0d6pOa9qfif1091dOlnVCSpJgLPFkUpgzqG00BgSCXBmk0MQVhS81eIR0girE1sNROCO3/yIumcNVyn4d6e15tXZRxVcAiOwAlwwQVoghvQAm2AwSN4Bq/gzXqyXqx362PWWrHKmX3wB9bnD95Gl6Q=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CwJKdBQjgBpX7dFs/jvGM3qhiq0=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVU1E0GXRjcsK9gFNLJPJpB06MwkzE6GEgBt/xY0LRdz6E+78G6dpFtp64MLhnHvnzj1BwqjSjvNtVZaWV1bXquu1jc2t7R17d6+j4lRi0sYxi2UvQIowKkhbU81IL5EE8YCRbjC+nvrdByIVjcWdniTE52goaEQx0kYa2AfSKx7JJAnzU9e5zzzEkhGCPB/YdafhFICLxC1JHZRoDewvL4xxyonQmCGl+q6TaD9DUlPMSF7zUkUShMdoSPqGCsSJ8rNifQ6PjRLCKJamhIaF+nsiQ1ypCQ9MJ0d6pOa9qfif1091dOlnVCSpJgLPFkUpgzqG00BgSCXBmk0MQVhS81eIR0girE1sNROCO3/yIumcNVyn4d6e15tXZRxVcAiOwAlwwQVoghvQAm2AwSN4Bq/gzXqyXqx362PWWrHKmX3wB9bnD95Gl6Q=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CwJKdBQjgBpX7dFs/jvGM3qhiq0=">AAACA3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqDvdDBbBVU1E0GXRjcsK9gFNLJPJpB06MwkzE6GEgBt/xY0LRdz6E+78G6dpFtp64MLhnHvnzj1BwqjSjvNtVZaWV1bXquu1jc2t7R17d6+j4lRi0sYxi2UvQIowKkhbU81IL5EE8YCRbjC+nvrdByIVjcWdniTE52goaEQx0kYa2AfSKx7JJAnzU9e5zzzEkhGCPB/YdafhFICLxC1JHZRoDewvL4xxyonQmCGl+q6TaD9DUlPMSF7zUkUShMdoSPqGCsSJ8rNifQ6PjRLCKJamhIaF+nsiQ1ypCQ9MJ0d6pOa9qfif1091dOlnVCSpJgLPFkUpgzqG00BgSCXBmk0MQVhS81eIR0girE1sNROCO3/yIumcNVyn4d6e15tXZRxVcAiOwAlwwQVoghvQAm2AwSN4Bq/gzXqyXqx362PWWrHKmX3wB9bnD95Gl6Q=</latexit>
⇢⇥10↵m
<latexitsha1_base64="VH5RXxtFDG2CseVx36YODwLmA6U=">AAACDHicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRIRdFl047KCfUBTy2QyaYbOI8xMhBLyAW78FTcuFHHrB7jzb5ymWWjrgYHDuec+5gQJo9q47rdTWVldW9+obta2tnd29+r7B10tU4VJB0smVT9AmjAqSMdQw0g/UQTxgJFeMLme1XsPRGkqxZ2ZJmTI0VjQiGJkrDSqN3wVS7+YkykS5r6hnGjoufeZj1gSI8hz63KbbgG4TLySNECJ9qj+5YcSp5wIgxnSeuC5iRlmSBmKGclrfqpJgvAEjcnAUoHsymFWHJHDE6uEMJLKPmFgof7uyBDXesoD6+TIxHqxNhP/qw1SE10OMyqS1BCB54uilEEj4SwZGFJFsGFTSxBW1N4KcYwUwsbmV7MheItfXibds6bnNr3b80brqoyjCo7AMTgFHrgALXAD2qADMHgEz+AVvDlPzovz7nzMrRWn7DkEf+B8/gAd75ug</latexit><latexitsha1_base64="VH5RXxtFDG2CseVx36YODwLmA6U=">AAACDHicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRIRdFl047KCfUBTy2QyaYbOI8xMhBLyAW78FTcuFHHrB7jzb5ymWWjrgYHDuec+5gQJo9q47rdTWVldW9+obta2tnd29+r7B10tU4VJB0smVT9AmjAqSMdQw0g/UQTxgJFeMLme1XsPRGkqxZ2ZJmTI0VjQiGJkrDSqN3wVS7+YkykS5r6hnGjoufeZj1gSI8hz63KbbgG4TLySNECJ9qj+5YcSp5wIgxnSeuC5iRlmSBmKGclrfqpJgvAEjcnAUoHsymFWHJHDE6uEMJLKPmFgof7uyBDXesoD6+TIxHqxNhP/qw1SE10OMyqS1BCB54uilEEj4SwZGFJFsGFTSxBW1N4KcYwUwsbmV7MheItfXibds6bnNr3b80brqoyjCo7AMTgFHrgALXAD2qADMHgEz+AVvDlPzovz7nzMrRWn7DkEf+B8/gAd75ug</latexit><latexitsha1_base64="VH5RXxtFDG2CseVx36YODwLmA6U=">AAACDHicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRIRdFl047KCfUBTy2QyaYbOI8xMhBLyAW78FTcuFHHrB7jzb5ymWWjrgYHDuec+5gQJo9q47rdTWVldW9+obta2tnd29+r7B10tU4VJB0smVT9AmjAqSMdQw0g/UQTxgJFeMLme1XsPRGkqxZ2ZJmTI0VjQiGJkrDSqN3wVS7+YkykS5r6hnGjoufeZj1gSI8hz63KbbgG4TLySNECJ9qj+5YcSp5wIgxnSeuC5iRlmSBmKGclrfqpJgvAEjcnAUoHsymFWHJHDE6uEMJLKPmFgof7uyBDXesoD6+TIxHqxNhP/qw1SE10OMyqS1BCB54uilEEj4SwZGFJFsGFTSxBW1N4KcYwUwsbmV7MheItfXibds6bnNr3b80brqoyjCo7AMTgFHrgALXAD2qADMHgEz+AVvDlPzovz7nzMrRWn7DkEf+B8/gAd75ug</latexit><latexitsha1_base64="VH5RXxtFDG2CseVx36YODwLmA6U=">AAACDHicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRIRdFl047KCfUBTy2QyaYbOI8xMhBLyAW78FTcuFHHrB7jzb5ymWWjrgYHDuec+5gQJo9q47rdTWVldW9+obta2tnd29+r7B10tU4VJB0smVT9AmjAqSMdQw0g/UQTxgJFeMLme1XsPRGkqxZ2ZJmTI0VjQiGJkrDSqN3wVS7+YkykS5r6hnGjoufeZj1gSI8hz63KbbgG4TLySNECJ9qj+5YcSp5wIgxnSeuC5iRlmSBmKGclrfqpJgvAEjcnAUoHsymFWHJHDE6uEMJLKPmFgof7uyBDXesoD6+TIxHqxNhP/qw1SE10OMyqS1BCB54uilEEj4SwZGFJFsGFTSxBW1N4KcYwUwsbmV7MheItfXibds6bnNr3b80brqoyjCo7AMTgFHrgALXAD2qADMHgEz+AVvDlPzovz7nzMrRWn7DkEf+B8/gAd75ug</latexit>

16
Spatial Properties
of Triggering
CharacteristicSize
Peak interpretted as rupture size
r/10↵m
⇢⇥10↵m
⇠ ' 0.01 ⇥ 10↵m
(km)<latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit>

17
Spatial Properties
of Triggering
CharacteristicSize
Peak interpretted as rupture size
L = 0.01 ⇥ 100.5m
(km)<latexit sha1_base64="huY+GJ2YdwS9Ywr+bLxQylKyShI=">AAACDHicbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSLUzZARRTdC0Y0LFxXsA9paMmnahiYzQ3JHLMN8gBt/xY0LRdz6Ae78G9PHQlsPBA7nnMvNPX4khQFCvp3MwuLS8kp2Nbe2vrG5ld/eqZow1oxXWChDXfep4VIEvAICJK9HmlPlS17zB5cjv3bPtRFhcAvDiLcU7QWiKxgFK7XzhetzTFziNUEobrBH7hLinqgUF5vAHyAZqPTQpmxkDDxPvCkpoCnK7fxXsxOyWPEAmKTGNDwSQSuhGgSTPM01Y8Mjyga0xxuWBtSubiXjY1J8YJUO7obavgDwWP09kVBlzFD5Nqko9M2sNxL/8xoxdM9aiQiiGHjAJou6scQQ4lEzuCM0ZyCHllCmhf0rZn2qKQPbX86W4M2ePE+qR65HXO/muFC6mNaRRXtoHxWRh05RCV2hMqoghh7RM3pFb86T8+K8Ox+TaMaZzuyiP3A+fwAdR5ko</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="huY+GJ2YdwS9Ywr+bLxQylKyShI=">AAACDHicbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSLUzZARRTdC0Y0LFxXsA9paMmnahiYzQ3JHLMN8gBt/xY0LRdz6Ae78G9PHQlsPBA7nnMvNPX4khQFCvp3MwuLS8kp2Nbe2vrG5ld/eqZow1oxXWChDXfep4VIEvAICJK9HmlPlS17zB5cjv3bPtRFhcAvDiLcU7QWiKxgFK7XzhetzTFziNUEobrBH7hLinqgUF5vAHyAZqPTQpmxkDDxPvCkpoCnK7fxXsxOyWPEAmKTGNDwSQSuhGgSTPM01Y8Mjyga0xxuWBtSubiXjY1J8YJUO7obavgDwWP09kVBlzFD5Nqko9M2sNxL/8xoxdM9aiQiiGHjAJou6scQQ4lEzuCM0ZyCHllCmhf0rZn2qKQPbX86W4M2ePE+qR65HXO/muFC6mNaRRXtoHxWRh05RCV2hMqoghh7RM3pFb86T8+K8Ox+TaMaZzuyiP3A+fwAdR5ko</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="huY+GJ2YdwS9Ywr+bLxQylKyShI=">AAACDHicbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSLUzZARRTdC0Y0LFxXsA9paMmnahiYzQ3JHLMN8gBt/xY0LRdz6Ae78G9PHQlsPBA7nnMvNPX4khQFCvp3MwuLS8kp2Nbe2vrG5ld/eqZow1oxXWChDXfep4VIEvAICJK9HmlPlS17zB5cjv3bPtRFhcAvDiLcU7QWiKxgFK7XzhetzTFziNUEobrBH7hLinqgUF5vAHyAZqPTQpmxkDDxPvCkpoCnK7fxXsxOyWPEAmKTGNDwSQSuhGgSTPM01Y8Mjyga0xxuWBtSubiXjY1J8YJUO7obavgDwWP09kVBlzFD5Nqko9M2sNxL/8xoxdM9aiQiiGHjAJou6scQQ4lEzuCM0ZyCHllCmhf0rZn2qKQPbX86W4M2ePE+qR65HXO/muFC6mNaRRXtoHxWRh05RCV2hMqoghh7RM3pFb86T8+K8Ox+TaMaZzuyiP3A+fwAdR5ko</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="huY+GJ2YdwS9Ywr+bLxQylKyShI=">AAACDHicbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSLUzZARRTdC0Y0LFxXsA9paMmnahiYzQ3JHLMN8gBt/xY0LRdz6Ae78G9PHQlsPBA7nnMvNPX4khQFCvp3MwuLS8kp2Nbe2vrG5ld/eqZow1oxXWChDXfep4VIEvAICJK9HmlPlS17zB5cjv3bPtRFhcAvDiLcU7QWiKxgFK7XzhetzTFziNUEobrBH7hLinqgUF5vAHyAZqPTQpmxkDDxPvCkpoCnK7fxXsxOyWPEAmKTGNDwSQSuhGgSTPM01Y8Mjyga0xxuWBtSubiXjY1J8YJUO7obavgDwWP09kVBlzFD5Nqko9M2sNxL/8xoxdM9aiQiiGHjAJou6scQQ4lEzuCM0ZyCHllCmhf0rZn2qKQPbX86W4M2ePE+qR65HXO/muFC6mNaRRXtoHxWRh05RCV2hMqoghh7RM3pFb86T8+K8Ox+TaMaZzuyiP3A+fwAdR5ko</latexit>
estimated scaling for tectonics
Utsu & Seki (1954)
r/10↵m
⇢⇥10↵m
⇠ ' 0.01 ⇥ 10↵m
(km)<latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eQaOol6DgV5HTA//ECpyEj2b76A=">AAACGHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgJHFokIqS0kQEowVLIxFog+pKZXjuq1VOwn2DWoV5TNY+BUWBhBi7cbf4LYZoOVIlo7OOVfX9/iR4Boc59vKrayurW/kNwtb2zu7e/b+QV2HsaKsRkMRqqZPNBM8YDXgIFgzUoxIX7CGP7yZ+o0npjQPg3sYR6wtST/gPU4JGKljn3kjjj3NJXvETtlxPTBUY9d5SDwiogHBMsUlD9gIkqFMTzt20cRmwMvEzUgRZah27InXDWksWQBUEK1brhNBOyEKOBUsLXixZhGhQ9JnLUMDYta3k9lhKT4xShf3QmVeAHim/p5IiNR6LH2TlAQGetGbiv95rRh6V+2EB1EMLKDzRb1YYAjxtCXc5YpREGNDCFXc/BXTAVGEgumyYEpwF09eJvXzsuuU3buLYuU6qyOPjtAxKiEXXaIKukVVVEMUPaNX9I4+rBfrzfq0vubRnJXNHKI/sCY/kjue3g==</latexit>

18
Temporal Properties
of Triggering
Time (day)
Rate(day-1)
r(t) /
1
(t + c)p
<latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit>
?
t<latexit sha1_base64="fInOqGTCCrWkRGJFOZWK1l6FLBY=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXYBE8lUQEPRa9eGzBfkAbymY7adduNmF3IpTSX+DFgyJe/Une/Ddu2xy09cHA470ZZuaFqRSGPO/bWVvf2NzaLuwUd/f2Dw5LR8dNk2SaY4MnMtHtkBmUQmGDBElspxpZHEpshaO7md96Qm1Eoh5onGIQs4ESkeCMrFSnXqnsVbw53FXi56QMOWq90le3n/AsRkVcMmM6vpdSMGGaBJc4LXYzgynjIzbAjqWKxWiCyfzQqXtulb4bJdqWIneu/p6YsNiYcRzazpjR0Cx7M/E/r5NRdBNMhEozQsUXi6JMupS4s6/dvtDISY4tYVwLe6vLh0wzTjabog3BX355lTQvK75X8etX5eptHkcBTuEMLsCHa6jCPdSgARwQnuEV3pxH58V5dz4WrWtOPnMCf+B8/gDgKYz4</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fInOqGTCCrWkRGJFOZWK1l6FLBY=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXYBE8lUQEPRa9eGzBfkAbymY7adduNmF3IpTSX+DFgyJe/Une/Ddu2xy09cHA470ZZuaFqRSGPO/bWVvf2NzaLuwUd/f2Dw5LR8dNk2SaY4MnMtHtkBmUQmGDBElspxpZHEpshaO7md96Qm1Eoh5onGIQs4ESkeCMrFSnXqnsVbw53FXi56QMOWq90le3n/AsRkVcMmM6vpdSMGGaBJc4LXYzgynjIzbAjqWKxWiCyfzQqXtulb4bJdqWIneu/p6YsNiYcRzazpjR0Cx7M/E/r5NRdBNMhEozQsUXi6JMupS4s6/dvtDISY4tYVwLe6vLh0wzTjabog3BX355lTQvK75X8etX5eptHkcBTuEMLsCHa6jCPdSgARwQnuEV3pxH58V5dz4WrWtOPnMCf+B8/gDgKYz4</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fInOqGTCCrWkRGJFOZWK1l6FLBY=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXYBE8lUQEPRa9eGzBfkAbymY7adduNmF3IpTSX+DFgyJe/Une/Ddu2xy09cHA470ZZuaFqRSGPO/bWVvf2NzaLuwUd/f2Dw5LR8dNk2SaY4MnMtHtkBmUQmGDBElspxpZHEpshaO7md96Qm1Eoh5onGIQs4ESkeCMrFSnXqnsVbw53FXi56QMOWq90le3n/AsRkVcMmM6vpdSMGGaBJc4LXYzgynjIzbAjqWKxWiCyfzQqXtulb4bJdqWIneu/p6YsNiYcRzazpjR0Cx7M/E/r5NRdBNMhEozQsUXi6JMupS4s6/dvtDISY4tYVwLe6vLh0wzTjabog3BX355lTQvK75X8etX5eptHkcBTuEMLsCHa6jCPdSgARwQnuEV3pxH58V5dz4WrWtOPnMCf+B8/gDgKYz4</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fInOqGTCCrWkRGJFOZWK1l6FLBY=">AAAB6HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXYBE8lUQEPRa9eGzBfkAbymY7adduNmF3IpTSX+DFgyJe/Une/Ddu2xy09cHA470ZZuaFqRSGPO/bWVvf2NzaLuwUd/f2Dw5LR8dNk2SaY4MnMtHtkBmUQmGDBElspxpZHEpshaO7md96Qm1Eoh5onGIQs4ESkeCMrFSnXqnsVbw53FXi56QMOWq90le3n/AsRkVcMmM6vpdSMGGaBJc4LXYzgynjIzbAjqWKxWiCyfzQqXtulb4bJdqWIneu/p6YsNiYcRzazpjR0Cx7M/E/r5NRdBNMhEozQsUXi6JMupS4s6/dvtDISY4tYVwLe6vLh0wzTjabog3BX355lTQvK75X8etX5eptHkcBTuEMLsCHa6jCPdSgARwQnuEV3pxH58V5dz4WrWtOPnMCf+B8/gDgKYz4</latexit>
HourMin.
Aftershock decay rate:
Omori Law

19
Temporal Properties
of Triggering
Time (day)
r(t) /
1
(t + c)p
<latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="CC4FVfKp1kPT0sr0zgWxbU5ptSg=">AAACBXicbVBNS8NAEN34WetX1KMegkVoEUoigh6LXjxWsB/QxLLZbtqlm+yyOxFK6MWLf8WLB0W8+h+8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szzMwLJWcaXPfbWlpeWV1bL2wUN7e2d3btvf2mFqkitEEEF6odYk05S2gDGHDaloriOOS0FQ6vJ37rgSrNRHIHI0mDGPcTFjGCwUhd+0iVoeJLJSQIP1KYZN44K8MpqdzLcdcuuVV3CmeReDkpoRz1rv3l9wRJY5oA4VjrjudKCDKsgBFOx0U/1VRiMsR92jE0wTHVQTb9YuycGKXnREKZSsCZqr8nMhxrPYpD0xljGOh5byL+53VSiC6DjCUyBZqQ2aIo5Q4IZxKJ02OKEuAjQzBRzNzqkAE2WYAJrmhC8OZfXiTNs6rnVr3b81LtKo+jgA7RMSojD12gGrpBddRABD2iZ/SK3qwn68V6tz5mrUtWPnOA/sD6/AHyr5g0</latexit>
Omori Relation
1<latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="wqpTvg+N0fzv28Gf0Dl4QiuZwPw=">AAAB9HicbVBNS8NAEJ34WetX1aOXxSJ4KokIeix68VjBfkAbymYzaZduNnF3Uyihv8OLB0W8+mO8+W/ctjlo64OBx3szOzsvSAXXxnW/nbX1jc2t7dJOeXdv/+CwcnTc0kmmGDZZIhLVCahGwSU2DTcCO6lCGgcC28Hobua3x6g0T+SjmaTox3QgecQZNVbye/MXcoXhlHj9StWtuXOQVeIVpAoFGv3KVy9MWBajNExQrbuemxo/p8pwJnBa7mUaU8pGdIBdSyWNUfv5fOWUnFslJFGibElD5urviZzGWk/iwHbG1Az1sjcT//O6mYlu/JzLNDMo2WJRlAliEjJLgIRcITNiYgllitu/EjakijJjcyrbELzlk1dJ67LmuTXv4apavy3iKMEpnMEFeHANdbiHBjSBwRM8wyu8OWPnxXl3Phata04xcwJ/4Hz+AJ7Pkfs=</latexit>
p ' 0.7<latexit sha1_base64="BXUbBGT2Ct3RGrduz/bGuEuhE1Q=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXIVEhLosunFZwT6gCWUyuWmHTh7OTIQSu/BX3LhQxK2/4c6/cZpmoa0HLhzOuXfu3OOnnEll299GZWV1bX2julnb2t7Z3TP3DzoyyQSFNk14Ino+kcBZDG3FFIdeKoBEPoeuP76e+d0HEJIl8Z2apOBFZBizkFGitDQwj9zijVxAME1dySK4x7bVGJh127IL4GXilKSOSrQG5pcbJDSLIFaUEyn7jp0qLydCMcphWnMzCSmhYzKEvqYxiUB6ebF7ik+1EuAwEbpihQv190ROIiknka87I6JGctGbif95/UyFl17O4jRTENP5ojDjWCV4FgYOmACq+EQTQgXTf8V0RAShSkdW0yE4iycvk8655diWc3tRb16VcVTRMTpBZ8hBDdREN6iF2oiiR/SMXtGb8WS8GO/Gx7y1YpQzh+gPjM8fp/CV1Q==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="BXUbBGT2Ct3RGrduz/bGuEuhE1Q=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXIVEhLosunFZwT6gCWUyuWmHTh7OTIQSu/BX3LhQxK2/4c6/cZpmoa0HLhzOuXfu3OOnnEll299GZWV1bX2julnb2t7Z3TP3DzoyyQSFNk14Ino+kcBZDG3FFIdeKoBEPoeuP76e+d0HEJIl8Z2apOBFZBizkFGitDQwj9zijVxAME1dySK4x7bVGJh127IL4GXilKSOSrQG5pcbJDSLIFaUEyn7jp0qLydCMcphWnMzCSmhYzKEvqYxiUB6ebF7ik+1EuAwEbpihQv190ROIiknka87I6JGctGbif95/UyFl17O4jRTENP5ojDjWCV4FgYOmACq+EQTQgXTf8V0RAShSkdW0yE4iycvk8655diWc3tRb16VcVTRMTpBZ8hBDdREN6iF2oiiR/SMXtGb8WS8GO/Gx7y1YpQzh+gPjM8fp/CV1Q==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="BXUbBGT2Ct3RGrduz/bGuEuhE1Q=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXIVEhLosunFZwT6gCWUyuWmHTh7OTIQSu/BX3LhQxK2/4c6/cZpmoa0HLhzOuXfu3OOnnEll299GZWV1bX2julnb2t7Z3TP3DzoyyQSFNk14Ino+kcBZDG3FFIdeKoBEPoeuP76e+d0HEJIl8Z2apOBFZBizkFGitDQwj9zijVxAME1dySK4x7bVGJh127IL4GXilKSOSrQG5pcbJDSLIFaUEyn7jp0qLydCMcphWnMzCSmhYzKEvqYxiUB6ebF7ik+1EuAwEbpihQv190ROIiknka87I6JGctGbif95/UyFl17O4jRTENP5ojDjWCV4FgYOmACq+EQTQgXTf8V0RAShSkdW0yE4iycvk8655diWc3tRb16VcVTRMTpBZ8hBDdREN6iF2oiiR/SMXtGb8WS8GO/Gx7y1YpQzh+gPjM8fp/CV1Q==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="BXUbBGT2Ct3RGrduz/bGuEuhE1Q=">AAAB/3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqODGzWARXIVEhLosunFZwT6gCWUyuWmHTh7OTIQSu/BX3LhQxK2/4c6/cZpmoa0HLhzOuXfu3OOnnEll299GZWV1bX2julnb2t7Z3TP3DzoyyQSFNk14Ino+kcBZDG3FFIdeKoBEPoeuP76e+d0HEJIl8Z2apOBFZBizkFGitDQwj9zijVxAME1dySK4x7bVGJh127IL4GXilKSOSrQG5pcbJDSLIFaUEyn7jp0qLydCMcphWnMzCSmhYzKEvqYxiUB6ebF7ik+1EuAwEbpihQv190ROIiknka87I6JGctGbif95/UyFl17O4jRTENP5ojDjWCV4FgYOmACq+EQTQgXTf8V0RAShSkdW0yE4iycvk8655diWc3tRb16VcVTRMTpBZ8hBDdREN6iF2oiiR/SMXtGb8WS8GO/Gx7y1YpQzh+gPjM8fp/CV1Q==</latexit>
estimated exponent for tectonics
p 1
HourMin.
Rate(day-1)/10↵pm
<latexitsha1_base64="nO28b6urT00OlM1pQedmvuVX3Uc=">AAACBHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgLGLRYXEVBKEBGMFC2OR6ENqQuQ4TmvVTizbQaqiDiz8CgsDCLHyEWz8DW6aAVqOdKWjc+617z2hYFRpx/m2Kiura+sb1c3a1vbO7p69f9BVaSYx6eCUpbIfIkUYTUhHU81IX0iCeMhILxxfz/zeA5GKpsmdngjiczRMaEwx0kYK7LpXvJFLEk1PXec+9xATIxQIyKeB3XCaTgG4TNySNECJdmB/eVGKM04SjRlSauA6Qvs5kppiRqY1L1NEIDxGQzIwNEGcKD8vFpjCY6NEME6lqUTDQv09kSOu1ISHppMjPVKL3kz8zxtkOr70c5qITJMEzz+KMwZ1CmeJwIhKgjWbGIKwpGZXiEdIIqxNbjUTgrt48jLpnjVdp+nenjdaV2UcVVAHR+AEuOACtMANaIMOwOARPINX8GY9WS/Wu/Uxb61Y5cwh+APr8weZGpgL</latexit><latexitsha1_base64="nO28b6urT00OlM1pQedmvuVX3Uc=">AAACBHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgLGLRYXEVBKEBGMFC2OR6ENqQuQ4TmvVTizbQaqiDiz8CgsDCLHyEWz8DW6aAVqOdKWjc+617z2hYFRpx/m2Kiura+sb1c3a1vbO7p69f9BVaSYx6eCUpbIfIkUYTUhHU81IX0iCeMhILxxfz/zeA5GKpsmdngjiczRMaEwx0kYK7LpXvJFLEk1PXec+9xATIxQIyKeB3XCaTgG4TNySNECJdmB/eVGKM04SjRlSauA6Qvs5kppiRqY1L1NEIDxGQzIwNEGcKD8vFpjCY6NEME6lqUTDQv09kSOu1ISHppMjPVKL3kz8zxtkOr70c5qITJMEzz+KMwZ1CmeJwIhKgjWbGIKwpGZXiEdIIqxNbjUTgrt48jLpnjVdp+nenjdaV2UcVVAHR+AEuOACtMANaIMOwOARPINX8GY9WS/Wu/Uxb61Y5cwh+APr8weZGpgL</latexit><latexitsha1_base64="nO28b6urT00OlM1pQedmvuVX3Uc=">AAACBHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgLGLRYXEVBKEBGMFC2OR6ENqQuQ4TmvVTizbQaqiDiz8CgsDCLHyEWz8DW6aAVqOdKWjc+617z2hYFRpx/m2Kiura+sb1c3a1vbO7p69f9BVaSYx6eCUpbIfIkUYTUhHU81IX0iCeMhILxxfz/zeA5GKpsmdngjiczRMaEwx0kYK7LpXvJFLEk1PXec+9xATIxQIyKeB3XCaTgG4TNySNECJdmB/eVGKM04SjRlSauA6Qvs5kppiRqY1L1NEIDxGQzIwNEGcKD8vFpjCY6NEME6lqUTDQv09kSOu1ISHppMjPVKL3kz8zxtkOr70c5qITJMEzz+KMwZ1CmeJwIhKgjWbGIKwpGZXiEdIIqxNbjUTgrt48jLpnjVdp+nenjdaV2UcVVAHR+AEuOACtMANaIMOwOARPINX8GY9WS/Wu/Uxb61Y5cwh+APr8weZGpgL</latexit><latexitsha1_base64="nO28b6urT00OlM1pQedmvuVX3Uc=">AAACBHicbVC7TsMwFHXKq5RXgLGLRYXEVBKEBGMFC2OR6ENqQuQ4TmvVTizbQaqiDiz8CgsDCLHyEWz8DW6aAVqOdKWjc+617z2hYFRpx/m2Kiura+sb1c3a1vbO7p69f9BVaSYx6eCUpbIfIkUYTUhHU81IX0iCeMhILxxfz/zeA5GKpsmdngjiczRMaEwx0kYK7LpXvJFLEk1PXec+9xATIxQIyKeB3XCaTgG4TNySNECJdmB/eVGKM04SjRlSauA6Qvs5kppiRqY1L1NEIDxGQzIwNEGcKD8vFpjCY6NEME6lqUTDQv09kSOu1ISHppMjPVKL3kz8zxtkOr70c5qITJMEzz+KMwZ1CmeJwIhKgjWbGIKwpGZXiEdIIqxNbjUTgrt48jLpnjVdp+nenjdaV2UcVVAHR+AEuOACtMANaIMOwOARPINX8GY9WS/Wu/Uxb61Y5cwh+APr8weZGpgL</latexit>
↵p ' 0.7<latexit sha1_base64="evnSdK4DfPCNRtozZ5b1XhbA8pE=">AAACBnicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEsRBovgKiQi1GXRjcsK9gFNCJPJTTt08nBmIpTQlRt/xY0LRdz6De78G6dtFtp64MLhnHtn7j1BxplUtv1tVFZW19Y3qpu1re2d3T1z/6Aj01xQaNOUp6IXEAmcJdBWTHHoZQJIHHDoBqPrqd99ACFZmtypcQZeTAYJixglSku+eezO3igEhBOX8GxI/MyVLIZ7bFsN36zblj0DXiZOSeqoRMs3v9wwpXkMiaKcSNl37Ex5BRGKUQ6TmptLyAgdkQH0NU1IDNIrZitM8KlWQhylQlei8Ez9PVGQWMpxHOjOmKihXPSm4n9eP1fRpVewJMsVJHT+UZRzrFI8zQSHTABVfKwJoYLpXTEdEkGo0snVdAjO4snLpHNuObbl3F7Um1dlHFV0hE7QGXJQAzXRDWqhNqLoET2jV/RmPBkvxrvxMW+tGOXMIfoD4/MHIH6Y3A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="evnSdK4DfPCNRtozZ5b1XhbA8pE=">AAACBnicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEsRBovgKiQi1GXRjcsK9gFNCJPJTTt08nBmIpTQlRt/xY0LRdz6De78G6dtFtp64MLhnHtn7j1BxplUtv1tVFZW19Y3qpu1re2d3T1z/6Aj01xQaNOUp6IXEAmcJdBWTHHoZQJIHHDoBqPrqd99ACFZmtypcQZeTAYJixglSku+eezO3igEhBOX8GxI/MyVLIZ7bFsN36zblj0DXiZOSeqoRMs3v9wwpXkMiaKcSNl37Ex5BRGKUQ6TmptLyAgdkQH0NU1IDNIrZitM8KlWQhylQlei8Ez9PVGQWMpxHOjOmKihXPSm4n9eP1fRpVewJMsVJHT+UZRzrFI8zQSHTABVfKwJoYLpXTEdEkGo0snVdAjO4snLpHNuObbl3F7Um1dlHFV0hE7QGXJQAzXRDWqhNqLoET2jV/RmPBkvxrvxMW+tGOXMIfoD4/MHIH6Y3A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="evnSdK4DfPCNRtozZ5b1XhbA8pE=">AAACBnicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEsRBovgKiQi1GXRjcsK9gFNCJPJTTt08nBmIpTQlRt/xY0LRdz6De78G6dtFtp64MLhnHtn7j1BxplUtv1tVFZW19Y3qpu1re2d3T1z/6Aj01xQaNOUp6IXEAmcJdBWTHHoZQJIHHDoBqPrqd99ACFZmtypcQZeTAYJixglSku+eezO3igEhBOX8GxI/MyVLIZ7bFsN36zblj0DXiZOSeqoRMs3v9wwpXkMiaKcSNl37Ex5BRGKUQ6TmptLyAgdkQH0NU1IDNIrZitM8KlWQhylQlei8Ez9PVGQWMpxHOjOmKihXPSm4n9eP1fRpVewJMsVJHT+UZRzrFI8zQSHTABVfKwJoYLpXTEdEkGo0snVdAjO4snLpHNuObbl3F7Um1dlHFV0hE7QGXJQAzXRDWqhNqLoET2jV/RmPBkvxrvxMW+tGOXMIfoD4/MHIH6Y3A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="evnSdK4DfPCNRtozZ5b1XhbA8pE=">AAACBnicbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEsRBovgKiQi1GXRjcsK9gFNCJPJTTt08nBmIpTQlRt/xY0LRdz6De78G6dtFtp64MLhnHtn7j1BxplUtv1tVFZW19Y3qpu1re2d3T1z/6Aj01xQaNOUp6IXEAmcJdBWTHHoZQJIHHDoBqPrqd99ACFZmtypcQZeTAYJixglSku+eezO3igEhBOX8GxI/MyVLIZ7bFsN36zblj0DXiZOSeqoRMs3v9wwpXkMiaKcSNl37Ex5BRGKUQ6TmptLyAgdkQH0NU1IDNIrZitM8KlWQhylQlei8Ez9PVGQWMpxHOjOmKihXPSm4n9eP1fRpVewJMsVJHT+UZRzrFI8zQSHTABVfKwJoYLpXTEdEkGo0snVdAjO4snLpHNuObbl3F7Um1dlHFV0hE7QGXJQAzXRDWqhNqLoET2jV/RmPBkvxrvxMW+tGOXMIfoD4/MHIH6Y3A==</latexit>

Interevent triggering in microseismicity induced by wastewater injection in Oklahoma and southern Kansas

Interevent triggering in microseismicity induced by wastewater injection in Oklahoma and southern Kansas

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (18)

Similar to Interevent triggering in microseismicity induced by wastewater injection in Oklahoma and southern Kansas

Similar to Interevent triggering in microseismicity induced by wastewater injection in Oklahoma and southern Kansas (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Interevent triggering in microseismicity induced by wastewater injection in Oklahoma and southern Kansas