The document discusses different types of intellectual property rights (IPR), including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and geographical indicators. Patents can be granted for inventions that are novel, non-obvious, and capable of industrial application. Copyright automatically protects original creative works from copying. Trademarks distinguish goods and services through distinctive words, numbers, designs, shapes or colors. A patent attorney can help guide an inventor through the patent application and approval process.

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Intellectual patent
rights(IPR)-Patents,
copyrights, Trademarks

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Intellectual property rights (IPR)
 Patents
 Designs
 Trademark
 Copyright
 Geographical indicators

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What is an invention
 Any new or useful
 Process or method
 Machine or apparatus
 Article of manufacture
 Improvements of any of the above

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Copyright
 Protects original works (documents, pictures, photos, music, software)
 Automatic (no registration procedure)
 Infringement by copying only
 © Philip Webber (2016)
 Duration: Life of author + 70 years

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Trade Marks
• Signs that distinguish goods/services
• Distinctive words, numbers, designs, shape, colour
• Registered® (examined) / unregistered TM
• Duration: indefinite

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The word patent originates from the Latin patere, which means "to
lay open" (i.e., to make available for public inspection). which was
a royal decree granting exclusive rights to a person, predating the
modern patent system. Similar grants included land patents, which
were land grants by early state governments in the USA,
and printing patents, a precursor of modern copyright.
In modern usage, the term patent usually refers to the right granted
to anyone who invents any new, useful, and non-obvious process,
machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter.
Some other types of intellectual property rights are also
called patents in some jurisdictions: industrial design rights are
called design patents in the US, plant breeders' rights are sometimes
called plant patents.
A patent is an exclusive monopoly grant by the govt. of an inventor over
his invention for limited period of time

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How to get a patent
 Inventor Makes the invention
 Patent attorney Writes patent application Files patent
application at Patent Office
 PatOff Examiner Examines patent application Decides to grant
or refuse application
 Courts Enforce the patent against infringers

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 Any invention which must be Novel Non-obvious
 Capable of industrial application
 Must not be declared as non-patentable under the patent act.
Criteria for patentability
Invention (as defined in the Claims) must be:
• Novel
• Inventive
• Description section of the patent application must:
• Describe at least one way of putting the invention
into practice
• Justify the breadth of the claims
What can be patented?

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What cannot be patented?
★ Any artistic creation
★ Mathematical methods
★ Buisness schemes.
★ Anything against universal law.

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What is a patent attorney?
A patent attorney is:
• a scientist (graduate/PhD)
• a lawyer (UK and worldwide patent laws)
• a communicator (inventors/CEOs/Patent Examiners)
A patent attorney will guide you through the patent
process from invention to granted patent

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Novelty
• An invention shall be considered to be new if it does
not form part of the state of the art.
• (PRIOR ART) The state of the art shall be held to comprise everything
made available to the public by means of a written or
oral description, by use, or in any other way, before the
date of filing of the European patent application.
The prior art is everything that the Examiner can find …

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A patent is a type of intellectual property right (IPR)that is granted to an
inventor by the patent office. More specifically, it grants the right to
exclude others from "making, using, offering for sale or selling" the
invention in the particular geography or "importing" it into the country for
a set period of time.
Utility patents are granted for any new and useful process, machine,
article of manufacture or composition of matter or any new and useful
improvement thereof. Utility patents confer protection for 20 years from
the date of application, or 17 years from the issue date, the longer term
applying.

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Design patents are granted for any new, original and ornamental design
for an article of manufacture. Design patents are granted for a term of 15
years from the date of issue.
Plant patents are granted for the discovery or invention and asexual
reproduction of any new, distinct variety of plant. Plant patents are
granted for a term of 20 years from the date of application, or 17 years
from the issue date, the longer term applying.

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Anatomy of a Patent
Front page Bibliographic information, abstract, drawings
Description What is the invention about?
Background to the invention
Statements of invention, preferred features
Examples of the invention
Claims Define the scope of the invention in words
Drawings Illustrations of examples of the invention

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Rights conferred by a patent
After grant of patent, you can prevent others from:
• making
• using
• selling or
• importing
your invention
• for up to 20 years
• but only in the countries where you have patents.
Patent rights have to be enforced in the courts – by you!

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Summary so far ...
• You can patent products, processes and methods.
• Patentable inventions must be novel, inventive and capable of use in
industry.
• Patent Office Examiners produce Search and Examination Reports, and
they grant patents.
• Patents give you the right to stop others (via the courts) from using your
invention without permission.
• One patent – one country.