2. IntroductionIntroduction
Consist of Image Scanner, Modem and
Printer
Alexander Bain-1843
Analogue and Digital
Post 1970 Revolutions
Document Privacy
Telephone and Internet Fax
Fax Servers
3. History of Fax MachinesHistory of Fax Machines
Samuel Morse- Telegraph
Alexander Bain- 1843
Consisting of a moving pendulum
Wire Transmission
Fedrick Backewll- 1851
1861- Telefax by Giovanni Caselli
Commercial Transmission
1881- Shefford Belward- Phototelegraph
Can Scan Two Dimensional objects
4. History of Fax MachineHistory of Fax Machine
1900- Bildtegraph by Arthur Korn
Lead to Radiograph- Ships
Wireless Transmissions- 1920’s
1924- Richard Rager for R.C.A
AT & T made Colour Fascmile
Telephone Transmission- 1970’s
Sound Signals and its principal
Mass Spread- 1965 xerox and Post 70’s
Panasonic
5. Working of Fax MachineWorking of Fax Machine
Consist of a Rotating Drum
Consist of a Photo Sensor
Transmission- black and white tone
Receiving Signals
Printing
6. Modern Fax MachineModern Fax Machine
Image Sensor to Scan Info
Standard Encoding of Info
Speed of Sending (b/s)
The bits received are of three types:
Decoded
Uncompressed
Reassembled
Printing: Thermal Paper
Thermal Film
Inkjet
Laser
Computer Printing
7. Instruction for sending and receivingInstruction for sending and receiving
a Faxa Fax
Plugged into Power and telephone line
Receivers Fax number
Placing of documents for faxing
Coversheet: Details of receiver and
sender
Dial Number and send the fax
Confirmation Report or Message
8. Categories of Fax machinesCategories of Fax machines
Group
Class
Data Transmission Rate
Compression
10. Digital transmission RateDigital transmission Rate
ITU Standard Released Date Data Rates (bit/s) Modulation Method
V.27 1988 4800, 2400 Phase Shift Keying(PSK)
V.29 1988 9600, 7200, 4800
Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation (QAM)
V.17 1991 14400, 12000, 9600, 7200
Trelis Code Modulation
(TCM)
V.34 1994 28800
Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation
V.34bis 1998 33600
Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation
11. CompressionCompression
To reduce the number of bits that have
to be transferred technique of
compression is used. It can be done in
three techniques:
Modified Huffman (MH)
Modified Read (MR)
Modified Modified Read (MMR)
Matushita Whiteline Skip
12. Fax PaperFax Paper
Steps for choosing the right fax paper:
Step 1
Check fax manual to see if any particular type of paper is
recommended. Find out whether laser or ink-jet paper is needed.
Or, if there is older fax machine that uses thermal printing, a
thermal fax paper would be needed. Thermal fax paper cannot be
recycled.
Step 2
Check the size of paper needed. Most American fax machines use
8.5-inch by 11-inch paper.
Step 3
Consider the usage of paper like whether full-color faxes would be
received or sent. If so, a paper which is suitable for colour printing
is being used.
13. Fax Paper Contd.Fax Paper Contd.
Step 4
Decide whether environmentally friendly recycled fax
paper is needed or not. Paper with 30 percent post-
consumer waste often costs about the same as "virgin"
paper. Recycled paper with more than 30 percent post-
consumer waste probably costs a little more.
Step 5
Visit a few local computer or business supply stores to
browse different brands of paper and find the best prices.
A sales associate can offer you advice and explain your
options. Keep a lookout for any sales or ads.
14. Types of Fax machinesTypes of Fax machines
Thermal paper machine
Plain paper machine
Thermal Printing machine
15. Types of Printing CartridgeTypes of Printing Cartridge
Films Usage Yield Price
THERMAL
Used by thermal fax
machines
100 A4 sheets Rs 54 for 30 metres
CARBON FILM
Used by some plain
paper fax machines and a
few thermal machines.
350 sheets of A4 (letterhead)
size paper
Rs 750 for a 100metres
carbon film
INKJET
Used by some plain
paper fax machines.
1000 pages of A4
(letterhead) size paper
Rs 1,000 for 10ml
TONER (LASER)
Used by laser printing fax
machines
3500 A4 sheets Rs 3,000
16. Other FeaturesOther Features
Automatic paper Handling
Multiple Delay transmission
Memory reception
Built in Telephone
Computer Printer Compatibility
Inbuilt answering machine
Speaker phone
19. Steps for resolving commonSteps for resolving common
problems in a Fax machineproblems in a Fax machine
Step1
Check the phone line connected to fax machine for problems.
This is one of the most common reasons fax machines don't
work. Connect the phone line to a regular telephone and listen
for a dial tone. If there is no dial tone, replace the phone cord
to see if that was the problem. If that isn't the problem, test the
other phone lines in the office. If the other lines aren't working,
contact phone provider to have them fix the phone line.
Step2
Look at the electrical cord of the fax machine if the unit won't
power on or work at all. Check that the cord is properly
plugged into the wall and into the back of fax machine. If it is,
and it still isn't working, replace the cord.
20. Steps Contd.Steps Contd.
Step3
Inspect the lamp on your fax machine to see if it is working properly.
Fax machines may receive faxes, but not send them if the bulb is
burned out.
Step4
Open the cover of fax machine,if there are complaints that fax
machine isn't sending quality faxes. Do this by pulling on the front
panel of the unit. Using a soft cloth, clean out the dust and debris from
this front panel. Accumulation of dirt here could definitely be the
problem.
Step5
Watch for any toner or ink splotches on the inside of fax machine. If
copies or faxes aren't printing at a high quality, there would be an ink
problem. When toner cartridge is shaked, it should be shaked cleanly
and no toner should leak out. If there is a leaky cartridge, it is bad.
