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1. Now CoolJunk brings you…
WORLD OF ICs
WHY IC

2. FIRST
Reduces Size
SECOND
Easy to Implement
Jack Kilbys’ First IC
at
Texas Instruments

3. From Sand to a Chip
PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY

4. Dual Inline Packaging

5. Surface Mount

6. Dual Inline Packaging
Pins spaced at 1/10th of an inch
Rows spaced at 3/10th of an inch
Pins between 4-16
Plastic Body

7. Reading First Line
SN74HCO4N
Generation Package
Make Type
Family IC no.

8. TRY
TO
READ IT

9. 1. Always read first line
2. Ignore second line
3. Identify notch- Pin1
4. Read Anticlockwise
4 RULES

10. 555 Timer IC.
Please open your kit and
take it out

11. 555 Specifications
- 8 Pins, DIP
- Each pin has a different function
- Voltage range is 4.5-15V
- To power it, pin 8 is given Vcc
and pin 1 is grounded
- Pin 2 is Input
- Pin 3 is Output
- 200mA of current from output pin

12. Draw Pin Diagram in your notebook

13. Let us create Time
Time, t = 0.0011 * R78 * C6
• Identify R78 and C6 in your circuit sheet,
experiment-1
• Calculate t

14. Experiment 1

15. Connecting 555 on BreadBoard

16. Experiment 1
• Rotate 4K7 potentiometer to the maximum value.
• Take Voltage reading at Pin 2 (Red probe at pin 2
and black probe to –ve terminal of battery). It shall
be close to 9V.
• Press S1 (continuously) and rotate 5K. Check the
voltage reading at pin 2 until it reaches between
3-4 volts.
• Rotate the potentiometer further and see if your
voltage reading at pin 2 is less than 3V

17. Experiment 1
• If you press S1, LED will glow for a fixed time, t.
• After LED glows, press S1. Nothing will happen.
Measure the total time for which LED glows.
• While LED is glowing, press S2 (pin 4).
Immediately, LED will be off. This is a Reset Button

18. • If you press S1, LED will glow for a fixed time, t.
• After LED glows, press S1. Nothing will happen.
Measure the total time for which LED glows.
• While LED is glowing, press S2 (pin 4).
Immediately, LED will be off. This is a Reset Button
• Replace R78 with a 1M ohm preset. At different
positions of the preset, you will notice different
timing durations (measure time with watch).

19. Pin 3 receives high when Pin 2 is low
Voltage at Pin 2 should be less than 1/3rd of Vcc
Pin 3 produces positive pulse (voltage) for time T

20. INSIDE MONOSTABLE MODE

21. Applications of Monostable
“One shot” Trigger

22. Let us create Tone
F, frequency = 1440/(R78+R67)*C6
• Identify R78, R67 and C6 in your circuit sheet,
experiment-2
• Calculate f
• Then, implement the following circuit diagram

23. Experiment 2

24. EQUAL ON/OFF CYCLES

25. Circuit Modifications
Activity 2.1: Replace R67 with a 100K preset. Rotate it
and see what happens?---------DIFFERENT TONES
Activity 2.2: Connect two LEDs at pin 3.
One LED with its positive leg at pin 3 and the other leg grounded through a
330 ohm resistor. Second LED with its negative leg at pin 3 and the other leg
connected to Vcc through a 330 ohm resistor
Activity 2.3: Replace C6 in the circuit with 10 mfd or
100 mfd or 1000 mfd and see the difference.

26. Circuit Modifications (Home Assignment)
Activity 2.4: You can also control the volume of the
tone by using Pin 5. Replace capacitor (0.1 mfd) with
the following circuit:

27. Let us create Bistable
You create an indefinite pulse
• Then, implement the following circuit diagram
• When you press S2, LED glows. If you press S2
again, nothing will happen.
• Press S4, LED is off. Press S4 again, nothing
happens. Press S1 and LED glows again.

28. Experiment 3

29. Combining two ICs
• Output of Pin 3 is used to power pin 8 of another
IC (3 1). Vmin = 60-70% of Vcc
• Output of Pin 3 is used to control pin 5 of
another IC (3 5). When 3 is high, pitch
increases. When 3 is low, pitch decreases.
• Output of Pin 3 is used to trigger another IC
(3 2). When pin 3 is low, it can trigger another
555 since its output is close to 0.5V.

30. 1 Monostable combined with 1 Astable

31. One Astable combined with another Astable

32. 74HC00
Please open your kit and
take it out

33. FAST COMPUTATION
20 MN Gates in Pentium IV
THINKING MACHINES
I TA L
D IG

34. Digital IC Types
CMOS TTL
•
Made from Complimentary Metal Oxide
• Made from Bipolar Junction transistors
(Transistor- Transistor Logic)
transistors,
• 4000 Series
• 74 Series
• Consume more power
• Consumer less power
• More Sensitive to static charge
• More sensitive to static charge
• Part Number contains alphabet
• Part Number contains alphabet “C”
S, LS, ALS
• Voltage Range: 3-18 V

35. 1. Give regulated 5V DC Supply
using a Voltage Regulator-7805
2. Low input (0) means (< 1V)
3. High input(1) means (> 3.5 V)
1 RULE

39. Don’t mix TTL and CMOS Chips in the same circuit
No input pin of a digital IC should be left floating or
unattended
# If it is a CMOS IC, ground the unused input pins
# If it is a TTL IC, give Vcc to the unused input pins
2 RULE

40. Latch-Output is made fixed

42. Let us now build Electronic
Door Lock

43. LOGIC
OF
ELECTRONIC
DOOR
LOCK

44. Let us now build
Quiz Game

45. Circuit Requirements
1. Press button first- Winner
2. Output signal latched
3. Output signal is one of the feedback
4. All buttons blocked
5. Host resets the system

47. - All player buttons should be blocked once the
output signal latches from the winning team
- So, at least one player’s output is enough to
block all the buttons. Thus, all outputs can be
combined into a OR Gate.

49. Two 555 timers in bistable as Latch
SPDT Switch for play and reset
In play mode, user switches receive –ve
In reset mode, reset pins of 2 timers receive –ve
Push button switches as trigger
(One side –ve and other side OR Gate )

50. Output of push buttons into 2 OR Gates
Winning user presses push button first---
Negative at Pin 2 of 555---LED glows
Output of both timers into a 3rd OR Gate
Output of 3rd gate as one of the
inputs to 2 OR gates

52. When host starts the system, either of the two
LED glows. And none of the teams actually
pressed the button.
“SWITCH BOUNCING”

53. How to remove
these
oscillations?
UNWANTED OSCILLATIONS
MULITPLE PULSES TO 555 TIMER
555 TRIGGERS NOT JUST ONCE BUT
A NUMBER OF TIMES

54. De-bounce Switch using NOR

56. Draw this pin diagram

57. 74LS92
Counter IC, TTL family
14 pin IC, Two inputs (pin 1 and pin 14)
Four Output pins-12,11,9,8
To power it, give Vcc to pin 5 and ground to pin 10
To use it as digital counter, give input to pin 14 and connect pin 1 to pin 12

58. Binary Counter
First Run a 555 in astable mode
Connect output (pin 3) of 555 to input A (pin 14) of 74LS92
At Four Output pins-12,11,9,8::: Connect a (LED + R) and ground Resistors
See pin diagram and do other connections of 74LS92
Record the observations in the following table
See your Circuit Sheets

59. LED
D
LED
C
LED
B
LED
A
Binary
Number
Code
Glows
Glows
Doesn’t
Doesn’t
1100
12
Glow
Glow
Say, if Binary Number = 011
Then, Decimal Number = 2^0 * 1 + 2^1*1 + 2^2 * 0
= 1*1 + 2*1 + 0 = 1+2 = 3

60. CD 4017
Decade Counter (counts 0-9)
15, Reset Pin- Low for normal operation
Output Pins- 1-7, 9-11
Pin8- Ground, Pin 16-Vcc
Pin 14- Input Pin (Clock Input)
Pin 13- Low to enable display, high to freeze display
Pin12- Divide by 12 Output- Provides high for counts 0-4 and low for 5-9

62. DRAW
THIS

63. 7-­‐
Segment
Display