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Insertion sort is an O(n^2) sorting algorithm that builds up a sorted array one element at a time. It works by taking the first unsorted element and inserting it into the correct place in the already sorted portion of the array. This requires linearly searching the sorted portion and shifting elements over to make space. Each pass increases the length of the sorted portion by one. While O(n^2), insertion sort performs better than other quadratic sorts like selection sort on arrays that are already partially sorted.
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Selection sort is an in-place sorting algorithm that works by repeatedly finding the minimum element from unsorted part and putting it at the beginning. It maintains two subarrays, sorted subarray which is built up from left to right at the front of the array, and unsorted subarray to the right. In each iteration, the minimum element (considering ascending order) from the unsorted subarray is picked and moved to the next slot in the sorted subarray. This continues until the whole array is sorted. The time complexity of selection sort is O(n^2) as it requires n iterations and in each iteration it has to scan remaining unsorted elements to find the minimum.
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Merge sort is a sorting algorithm that uses the divide and conquer technique. It divides the unsorted list into halves, recursively sorts the sub-lists, and then merges the sorted sub-lists into a single sorted list. The key steps are dividing, conquering by recursively sorting the sub-problems, and merging the sorted sub-lists. Merge sort has a time complexity of O(n log n) in all cases (best, average, worst) and requires additional storage space.
Data Structure and Algorithms Merge Sort
Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that works as follows:
1) Divide the array to be sorted into two halves recursively until single element subarrays are reached.
2) Merge the subarrays in a way that combines them in a sorted order.
3) The merging process involves taking the first element of each subarray and comparing them to place the smaller element in the final array until all elements are merged.
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Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that works as follows:
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二：真实使馆认证（留学人员回国证明）使馆存档
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国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理方法：
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3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
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6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。
教育部文凭学历认证认证的用途：
如果您计划在国内发展那么办理国内教育部认证是必不可少的。事业性用人单位如银行国企公务员在您应聘时都会需要您提供这个认证。其他私营 #外企企业无需提供！办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐所有材料您都必须提供原件我们凭借丰富的经验帮您快速整合材料让您少走弯路。
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What’s New in Odoo 17 – A Complete Roadmap
Odoo releases a new update every year. The latest version, Odoo 17, came out in October 2023. It brought many improvements to the user interface and user experience, along with new features in modules like accounting, marketing, manufacturing, websites, and more.
The Odoo 17 update has been a hot topic among startups, mid-sized businesses, large enterprises, and Odoo developers aiming to grow their businesses. Since it is now already the first quarter of 2024, you must have a clear idea of what Odoo 17 entails and what it can offer your business if you are still not aware of it.
This blog covers the features and functionalities. Explore the entire blog and get in touch with expert Odoo ERP consultants to leverage Odoo 17 and its features for your business too.
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Odoo ERP was first released as OpenERP software in February 2005. It is a suite of business applications used for ERP, CRM, eCommerce, websites, and project management. Ten years ago, the Odoo Enterprise edition was launched to help fund the Odoo Community version.
When you compare Odoo Community and Enterprise, the Enterprise edition offers exclusive features like mobile app access, Odoo Studio customisation, Odoo hosting, and unlimited functional support.
Today, Odoo is a well-known name used by companies of all sizes across various industries, including manufacturing, retail, accounting, marketing, healthcare, IT consulting, and R&D.
The latest version, Odoo 17, has been available since October 2023. Key highlights of this update include:
Enhanced user experience with improvements to the command bar, faster backend page loading, and multiple dashboard views.
Instant report generation, credit limit alerts for sales and invoices, separate OCR settings for invoice creation, and an auto-complete feature for forms in the accounting module.
Improved image handling and global attribute changes for mailing lists in email marketing.
A default auto-signature option and a refuse-to-sign option in HR modules.
Options to divide and merge manufacturing orders, track the status of manufacturing orders, and more in the MRP module.
Dark mode in Odoo 17.
Now that the Odoo 17 announcement is official, let’s look at what’s new in Odoo 17!
What is Odoo ERP 17?
Odoo 17 is the latest version of one of the world’s leading open-source enterprise ERPs. This version has come up with significant improvements explained here in this blog. Also, this new version aims to introduce features that enhance time-saving, efficiency, and productivity for users across various organisations.
Odoo 17, released at the Odoo Experience 2023, brought notable improvements to the user interface and added new functionalities with enhancements in performance, accessibility, data analysis, and management, further expanding its reach in the market.
一比一原版(UMN毕业证)明尼苏达大学毕业证如何办理
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国外大学明尼苏达大学明尼苏达大学毕业证offer制作方法（一对一专业服务）
1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
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INTRODUCTION TO AI CLASSICAL THEORY TARGETED EXAMPLES
Image: Include an image that represents the concept of precision, such as a AI helix or a futuristic healthcare
setting.
Objective: Provide a foundational understanding of precision medicine and its departure from traditional
approaches
Role of theory: Discuss how genomics, the study of an organism's complete set of AI ,
plays a crucial role in precision medicine.
Customizing treatment plans: Highlight how genetic information is used to customize
treatment plans based on an individual's genetic makeup.
Examples: Provide real-world examples of successful application of AI such as genetic
therapies or targeted treatments.
Importance of molecular diagnostics: Explain the role of molecular diagnostics in identifying
molecular and genetic markers associated with diseases.
Biomarker testing: Showcase how biomarker testing aids in creating personalized treatment plans.
Content:
• Ethical issues: Examine ethical concerns related to precision medicine, such as privacy, consent, and
potential misuse of genetic information.
• Regulations and guidelines: Present examples of ethical guidelines and regulations in place to safeguard
patient rights.
• Visuals: Include images or icons representing ethical considerations.
Content:
• Ethical issues: Examine ethical concerns related to precision medicine, such as privacy, consent, and
potential misuse of genetic information.
• Regulations and guidelines: Present examples of ethical guidelines and regulations in place to safeguard
patient rights.
• Visuals: Include images or icons representing ethical considerations.
Content:
• Ethical issues: Examine ethical concerns related to precision medicine, such as privacy, consent, and
potential misuse of genetic information.
• Regulations and guidelines: Present examples of ethical guidelines and regulations in place to safeguard
patient rights.
• Visuals: Include images or icons representing ethical considerations.
Real-world case study: Present a detailed case study showcasing the success of precision
medicine in a specific medical scenario.
Patient's journey: Discuss the patient's journey, treatment plan, and outcomes.
Impact: Emphasize the transformative effect of precision medicine on the individual's
health.
Objective: Ground the presentation in a real-world example, highlighting the practical
application and success of precision medicine.
Data challenges: Address the challenges associated with managing large sets of patient data in precision
medicine.
Technological solutions: Discuss technological innovations and solutions for handling and analyzing vast
datasets.
Visuals: Include graphics representing data management challenges and technological solutions.
Objective: Acknowledge the data-related challenges in precision medicine and highlight innovative solutions.
Data challenges: Address the challenges associated with managing large sets of patient data in precision
medicine.
Technological solutions: Discuss technological innovations and solutions
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insertion sort-new.pdf
- 1. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS Insertion Sort MADHAVAN MUKUND, CHENNAI MATHEMATICAL INSTITUTE http://www.cmi.ac.in/~madhavan NPTEL MOOC,JAN-FEB 2015 Week 2, Module 4
- 2. Sorting Searching for a value Unsorted array — linear scan, O(n) Sorted array — binary search, O(log n) Other advantages of sorting Finding median value: midpoint of sorted list Checking for duplicates Building a frequency table of values
- 3. How to sort? You are a Teaching Assistant for a course The instructor gives you a stack of exam answer papers with marks, ordered randomly Your task is to arrange them in descending order
- 4. Strategy 2 First paper: put in a new stack Second paper: Lower marks than first? Place below first paper Higher marks than first? Place above first paper Third paper Insert into the correct position with respect to first two papers Do this for each subsequent paper: insert into correct position in new sorted stack
- 5. Strategy 2 … 74 32 89 55 21 64
- 6. Strategy 2 … 74 32 89 55 21 64 74
- 7. Strategy 2 … 74 32 89 55 21 64 32 74
- 8. Strategy 2 … 74 32 89 55 21 64 32 74 89
- 9. Strategy 2 … 74 32 89 55 21 64 32 55 74 89
- 10. Strategy 2 … 74 32 89 55 21 64 21 32 55 74 89
- 11. Strategy 2 … 74 32 89 55 21 64 21 32 55 64 74 89
- 12. Strategy 2 … Insertion Sort Start building a sorted sequence with one element Pick up next unsorted element and insert it into its correct place in the already sorted sequence
- 13. Insertion Sort InsertionSort(A,n) // Sort A of size n for (pos = 1; pos < n; pos++) // Build longer and longer sorted segments // In each iteration A[0]..A[pos-1] is already sorted // Move first element after sorted segment left // till it is in the correct place nextpos = pos while (nextpos > 0 && A[nextpos] < A[nextpos-1]) swap(A,nextpos,nextpos-1) nextpos = nextpos-1
- 14. Insertion Sort 74 32 89 55 21 64
- 15. Insertion Sort 74 32 89 55 21 64
- 16. Insertion Sort 32 74 89 55 21 64
- 17. Insertion Sort 32 74 89 55 21 64
- 18. Insertion Sort 32 74 55 89 21 64
- 19. Insertion Sort 32 55 74 89 21 64
- 20. Insertion Sort 32 55 74 21 89 64
- 21. Insertion Sort 32 55 21 74 89 64
- 22. Insertion Sort 32 21 55 74 89 64
- 23. Insertion Sort 21 32 55 74 89 64
- 24. Insertion Sort 21 32 55 74 64 89
- 25. Insertion Sort 21 32 55 64 74 89
- 26. Analysis of Insertion Sort Inserting a new value in sorted segment of length k requires upto k steps in the worst case In each iteration, sorted segment in which to insert increased by 1 t(n) = 1 + 2 + … + n-1 = n(n-1)/2 = O(n2)
- 27. Recursive formulation To sort A[0..n-1] Recursively sort A[0..n-2] Insert A[n-1] into A[0..n-2] Base case: n = 1
- 28. Insertion Sort, recursive InsertionSort(A,k) // Sort A[0..k-1] if (k == 1) return; InsertionSort(A,k-1); Insert(A,k-1); return; Insert(A,j) // Insert A[j] into A[0..j-1] pos = j; while (pos > 0 && A[pos] < A[pos-1]) swap(A,pos,pos-1); pos = pos-1;
- 29. Recurrence t(n), time to run insertion sort on length n Time t(n-1) to sort segment A[0] to A[n-2] n-1 steps to insert A[n-1] in sorted segment Recurrence t(n) = n-1 + t(n-1) t(1) = 1 t(n) = n-1 + t(n-1) = n-1 + ((n-2) + t(n-2)) = … = (n-1) + (n-2) + … + 1 = n(n-1)/2 = O(n2)
- 30. O(n2) sorting algorithms Selection sort and insertion sort are both O(n2) So is bubble sort, which we will not discuss here O(n2) sorting is infeasible for n over 10000 Among O(n2) sorts, insertion sort is usually better than selection sort and both are better than bubble sort What happens when we apply insertion sort to an already sorted list?