This document provides an overview of innovation challenges and opportunities in the pharmaceutical sector. It discusses six key arenas: the changing innovation landscape, views on the most innovative companies, an analysis of innovation leaders, implications for innovation, insights from other sectors, and opportunities for future progress. The document presents data and perspectives from various sources to analyze innovation inputs and outputs across major pharmaceutical companies.
Meet the most senior supply chain decision makers of top global pharma companies like Abbott, AstraZenca, Baxter, Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Lilly, MSD, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Queisser Pharma, Sandoz, Teva, UCB, and many more…
The New Pharma Ecosystem: 2014 Trends Reshaping the Pharmaceutical Supply ChainLaura Olson
The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing tremendous changes. Numerous forces are re-shaping the new pharmaceutical ecosystem. Technology, demographics, regulations and shifts in wealth are creating transformative change. Increasingly becoming a more patient-centric world, patients use Smart devices to monitor research and evaluate pharmaceutical products. Healthcare reform regulations, the devaluation of the existing pharma model and trend towards patient empowerment and access to information are shaping the changing pharma industry, much as the retail industry was shaped by the multichannel and omni channel retailing trends of recent years. Regulators have become increasingly more cautious when improving innovative medicines. As pharmaceuticals have become more successful in prolonging life and treating illness, many medical conditions are now chronic. Today healthcare providers have become increasingly interested in measuring the outcomes of pharma performance and basing pricing accordingly. There has been a dramatic increase in prescription volume and an increased production and use of generic drugs. Producing pharmaceuticals in other countries can be complicated. Customs, local regulations and other factors impact products and require brands to adapt. Generic pharmaceuticals are becoming the dominant category globally, especially in developing rather than just industrial countries. Adding to the complexity, a large number of pharmaceutical products are made by multiple countries. These factors and the move towards specialty pharmaceuticals and greater production of pharmaceutical products globally have resulted in more pressure on global supply chains. Because supply chains have moved from local to global in operation, even one significant event can interrupt the global supply chain. Events such as hurricanes and typhoons, earthquakes, political and economic upheaval can have serious impacts on global supply chains, adding unforeseen costs and delays. Health care reform magnifies the effect of longer supply chains and increases the intense cost pressure on drug manufacturers. In order to reduce costs, more production as well as research and development are being offshored and outsourced.
Presentation prepared for the EyeOn conference on the Future of Supply Chain Technologies to be presented in Rotterdam on November 12th. Small group discussion on the future of supply chain.
John Pattullo, CEVA Logistics on 'How Supply Chain Innovation Can Drive Custo...eyefortransport
John Pattullo, CEO of CEVA Logistics speaks on 'How Supply Chain Innovation Can Drive Customer Value' at the 7th European 3PL Summit in Brussels, November 25th 2009.
To download all of the slides from the conference for free visit www.3PLsummit.com/eu_2009ppts
Trends in Supply Chain Management - Presentation by GRA Supply Chain ConsultantsRebecca Manjra
Shanaka Jayasinghe's presentation titled 'Supply Chain Trends' examines how current supply chain trends are creating challenges and opportunity across supply chain networks.
Top technology trends in supply chain & logistics industryArindam Bakshi
Technology plays a very important part in determining the success of a supply chain. This e-book is primarily meant to inform you about the present day technologies that are heavily involved in determining the efficiency and productivity of the logistics and supply chain industry.
Meet the most senior supply chain decision makers of top global pharma companies like Abbott, AstraZenca, Baxter, Bayer Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Lilly, MSD, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Queisser Pharma, Sandoz, Teva, UCB, and many more…
The New Pharma Ecosystem: 2014 Trends Reshaping the Pharmaceutical Supply ChainLaura Olson
The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing tremendous changes. Numerous forces are re-shaping the new pharmaceutical ecosystem. Technology, demographics, regulations and shifts in wealth are creating transformative change. Increasingly becoming a more patient-centric world, patients use Smart devices to monitor research and evaluate pharmaceutical products. Healthcare reform regulations, the devaluation of the existing pharma model and trend towards patient empowerment and access to information are shaping the changing pharma industry, much as the retail industry was shaped by the multichannel and omni channel retailing trends of recent years. Regulators have become increasingly more cautious when improving innovative medicines. As pharmaceuticals have become more successful in prolonging life and treating illness, many medical conditions are now chronic. Today healthcare providers have become increasingly interested in measuring the outcomes of pharma performance and basing pricing accordingly. There has been a dramatic increase in prescription volume and an increased production and use of generic drugs. Producing pharmaceuticals in other countries can be complicated. Customs, local regulations and other factors impact products and require brands to adapt. Generic pharmaceuticals are becoming the dominant category globally, especially in developing rather than just industrial countries. Adding to the complexity, a large number of pharmaceutical products are made by multiple countries. These factors and the move towards specialty pharmaceuticals and greater production of pharmaceutical products globally have resulted in more pressure on global supply chains. Because supply chains have moved from local to global in operation, even one significant event can interrupt the global supply chain. Events such as hurricanes and typhoons, earthquakes, political and economic upheaval can have serious impacts on global supply chains, adding unforeseen costs and delays. Health care reform magnifies the effect of longer supply chains and increases the intense cost pressure on drug manufacturers. In order to reduce costs, more production as well as research and development are being offshored and outsourced.
Presentation prepared for the EyeOn conference on the Future of Supply Chain Technologies to be presented in Rotterdam on November 12th. Small group discussion on the future of supply chain.
John Pattullo, CEVA Logistics on 'How Supply Chain Innovation Can Drive Custo...eyefortransport
John Pattullo, CEO of CEVA Logistics speaks on 'How Supply Chain Innovation Can Drive Customer Value' at the 7th European 3PL Summit in Brussels, November 25th 2009.
To download all of the slides from the conference for free visit www.3PLsummit.com/eu_2009ppts
Trends in Supply Chain Management - Presentation by GRA Supply Chain ConsultantsRebecca Manjra
Shanaka Jayasinghe's presentation titled 'Supply Chain Trends' examines how current supply chain trends are creating challenges and opportunity across supply chain networks.
Top technology trends in supply chain & logistics industryArindam Bakshi
Technology plays a very important part in determining the success of a supply chain. This e-book is primarily meant to inform you about the present day technologies that are heavily involved in determining the efficiency and productivity of the logistics and supply chain industry.
In just over 3 weeks our Parallel Trade conference returns for its 8th year. With 9 of the top 12 pharmaceutical companies in attendance, this event is a must attend. Please check the website for the latest updated programme
The importance of innovation in the field of ceramics. 6th International Congress on Ceramics, Germany. Mike Murray, Chief Technology Officer, Morgan Advanced Materials.
Innovation and the Evolution of the New Customer ModelDoblin Inc.
How to rethink the customer model of healthcare and innovate the pharma industry in the process. Jeff Wordham and Kathleen Onieal of Doblin/Monitor outline common obstacles to innovation--and ways to overcome them. (Presented at the ePharma conference in New York in February 2011.)
Trends, recruitment and remuneration in the Healthcare & Life Sciences sectorMichael Page
This report arises out of Michael Page’s global experience in helping companies in the Healthcare & Life Sciences sector to recruit the best talents for business success. In most of the countries where we operate, the prevailing regulatory and pricing frameworks set by government heavily influence the market. Now that many patents have reached end of life, generic drugs have taken an important share from large pharmaceuticals, and have revolutionised the market in doing so. As a consequence, companies producing pharmaceuticals or medical devices are increasingly challenged to hone their profitability through innovation and R&D. Acquisitions, always a feature of the pharmaceutical industry, are on the increase. Many companies needing to expand their R&D capabilities have biotechnology firms in their sights.
The Future of Pharma Industry Trends and Innovations.pptxMediwinpharma
Dive into the world of the pharmaceutical industry to understand its nuances, trends, and key players. Learn about its significance, challenges, and future prospects.
Coming up to ten years on from the 2007 Technology Futures programme we conducted for Shell, several people have been asking how well the expert perspectives have played out. This is the summary of two sets of weeklong discussions that took place in Bangalore and London, each of which included around 20 experts from across multiple disciplines all looking out 20 years at how technology may, or may not influence society. This was the second run of the Technology Futures programme after the initial project in 2004 where similar discussions had taken place in Amsterdam and Houston.
At a time when oil accounted for over a third of the world’s energy supply and renewables for less than a tenth of that amount, core areas of future focus were on the potential rise of biofuels, nuclear, solar, wind and wave as well as the challenges in enabling a more electric world. Specific issues raised included the opportunities from second and third generation biofuels and the role of synthetic organisms in the mix; pebble bed nuclear reactors and the potential for fusion; concentrated solar power, the increasing efficiency of photovoltaics and associated cost reductions; energy storage, battery power and superconductivity; hydrogen and microbial fuel cells; the impact of maglev trains, autonomous vehicles as well as data mining and quantum computing. Nearly ten years on the summaries of each of these, the likely development paths and the associated constraints and enabling factors are a recommended read.
Personally, however, it is the later chapters that are most insightful, especially in the context of today’s challenges. Whereas many of the energy related technology shifts have played out, largely in line with some of the expert expectations, it is some of cross-cutting views from 2007 that still seem to be at the fore of our to-do list: How to better collaborate globally and locally, especially across multi-sector partnerships; how to manage distributed activities better than centralised ones; how to better share value from intellectual property; and how best to harness artificial intelligence are all questions as relevant today as they were when we first held the discussions.
While we spend more of our time continuing to look forward, seeking new opportunities and challenges to address, if you have a spare hour or so, I would recommend a flick through the summary report which is available for download here.
Shell Technology Futures 2004 - This is the summary of two sets of weeklong discussions that took place in Amsterdam and Houston, each of which included around 20 experts from across multiple disciplines all looking out 20 years at how technology may, or may not influence society. This was the first run of the Technology Futures programme and was followed in 2007 by similar discussions in Bangalore and London.
This first 2004 programme took a very wide view and covered everything from mesh networks, natural language processing and nano-technology to adaptive systems, automated sensing, tissue scaffolding and 3D printing.
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The importance of innovation in the field of ceramics. 6th International Congress on Ceramics, Germany. Mike Murray, Chief Technology Officer, Morgan Advanced Materials.
Innovation and the Evolution of the New Customer ModelDoblin Inc.
How to rethink the customer model of healthcare and innovate the pharma industry in the process. Jeff Wordham and Kathleen Onieal of Doblin/Monitor outline common obstacles to innovation--and ways to overcome them. (Presented at the ePharma conference in New York in February 2011.)
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This report arises out of Michael Page’s global experience in helping companies in the Healthcare & Life Sciences sector to recruit the best talents for business success. In most of the countries where we operate, the prevailing regulatory and pricing frameworks set by government heavily influence the market. Now that many patents have reached end of life, generic drugs have taken an important share from large pharmaceuticals, and have revolutionised the market in doing so. As a consequence, companies producing pharmaceuticals or medical devices are increasingly challenged to hone their profitability through innovation and R&D. Acquisitions, always a feature of the pharmaceutical industry, are on the increase. Many companies needing to expand their R&D capabilities have biotechnology firms in their sights.
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Dive into the world of the pharmaceutical industry to understand its nuances, trends, and key players. Learn about its significance, challenges, and future prospects.
Coming up to ten years on from the 2007 Technology Futures programme we conducted for Shell, several people have been asking how well the expert perspectives have played out. This is the summary of two sets of weeklong discussions that took place in Bangalore and London, each of which included around 20 experts from across multiple disciplines all looking out 20 years at how technology may, or may not influence society. This was the second run of the Technology Futures programme after the initial project in 2004 where similar discussions had taken place in Amsterdam and Houston.
At a time when oil accounted for over a third of the world’s energy supply and renewables for less than a tenth of that amount, core areas of future focus were on the potential rise of biofuels, nuclear, solar, wind and wave as well as the challenges in enabling a more electric world. Specific issues raised included the opportunities from second and third generation biofuels and the role of synthetic organisms in the mix; pebble bed nuclear reactors and the potential for fusion; concentrated solar power, the increasing efficiency of photovoltaics and associated cost reductions; energy storage, battery power and superconductivity; hydrogen and microbial fuel cells; the impact of maglev trains, autonomous vehicles as well as data mining and quantum computing. Nearly ten years on the summaries of each of these, the likely development paths and the associated constraints and enabling factors are a recommended read.
Personally, however, it is the later chapters that are most insightful, especially in the context of today’s challenges. Whereas many of the energy related technology shifts have played out, largely in line with some of the expert expectations, it is some of cross-cutting views from 2007 that still seem to be at the fore of our to-do list: How to better collaborate globally and locally, especially across multi-sector partnerships; how to manage distributed activities better than centralised ones; how to better share value from intellectual property; and how best to harness artificial intelligence are all questions as relevant today as they were when we first held the discussions.
While we spend more of our time continuing to look forward, seeking new opportunities and challenges to address, if you have a spare hour or so, I would recommend a flick through the summary report which is available for download here.
Shell Technology Futures 2004 - This is the summary of two sets of weeklong discussions that took place in Amsterdam and Houston, each of which included around 20 experts from across multiple disciplines all looking out 20 years at how technology may, or may not influence society. This was the first run of the Technology Futures programme and was followed in 2007 by similar discussions in Bangalore and London.
This first 2004 programme took a very wide view and covered everything from mesh networks, natural language processing and nano-technology to adaptive systems, automated sensing, tissue scaffolding and 3D printing.
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This document brings all of these insights together in a single pdf for you to use. It is a free book shared under the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 licence. We hope that you find it a useful view of how people around the world see change occurring over the next decade.
The future of health the emerging view 14 01 16Tim Jones
A short talk given in London in January 2016 highlighting some of the key health and healthcare related insights from the Future Agenda workshops. Mixing views from around the world it looks at public health issues, the increasing role of digital, changes to the healthcare system, the ageing challenge, financing health and where global answers may emerge from.
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A keynote talk on the World in 2025 for EFMD in Rome and the 2015 EFMD MBA Conference. The event is themes 'Redesigning the MBA' and is aimed at MBA Directors and business school staff involved in part-time, full-time and executive MBA programmes. This talk draws on insights from both the first Future Agenda programme in 2010 and futureagenda2.0 now underway and shares some key shifts people see taking place in the world over the next decade.
Smart cities | Smarter citizens Vienna - 25 Nov 2014 lrTim Jones
A keynote at the Zero Emission Cities Conference in Vienna focused on shifts in focus of smart cities. Key contrast is made between what is being embedded in city infrastructures to make them more intelligent and efficient vs. how people in cities can use, share and interpret data to make more intelligent decisions.
Talk is split into three parts:
What we say about the future of cities from the first Future Agenda programme in 2010
An overview of some of the key developments and collaborations that have taken place since
Some key questions that we see are being asked about citizen engagement that we will explore in the second future agenda programme in 2015
Innovation Today and Tomorrow 21 May 2014Tim Jones
A keynote speech for a technology focused audience exploring lessons from today and some thoughts for tomorrow. With a red thread of the changing nature and role of intellectual property weaved throughout, this draws on examples from both the Innovation Leaders and Future Agenda programmes
Hotel 2030 is a cross-sector platform that acts as a catalyst for open discussion on the possible changes facing the hospitality industry and associated innovations for hotels over the next 15 to 20 years.
As we explore potential changes, we see some trends having increasing impact. Based on discussion and feedback from hospitality companies, tourism experts and government bodies around the world, this summary shares insights on shifts by 2020.
The ten most significant trends that are seen as potentially impacting hotels in 2020 are:
African Travellers
500m new middle class in Africa require accessible hotel accommodation for both work and leisure across the continent
Co-Branded Experiences
Hotels partner with established consumer brands to deliver leading-edge, repeatable co-branded experiences
Dynamic Pricing
Transparent real-time pricing reflects personal ability to pay and enhances yield optimization across the service sector
Faith Compliance
More organizations flex their processes and proactively switch to become compliant with cultural norms and experiences
Female Centricity
New experiences are designed, and established ones reinvented, with the influential female population’s needs at the core
Final Frontiers
Increasing interest and participation in remote journeys drive more of us to seek to access the inaccessible
New Forms of Ownership
Shared co-operatives, partnerships and membership funding business models replace franchising and direct ownership
Smart Buildings
Increasingly intelligent, self-monitoring buildings set new standards as big data is shared between operations and providers
Upstream Insight
Companies and networks have, and act on, very early insight on future intent to travel and customise services to suit
Waste Reuse
Seeing waste as a resource and encouraging its reuse within the footprint shifts many towards the circular economy
Connected success The Future of the Socially Valued Organisation - Full ver...Tim Jones
This document details the findings from a foresight programme that identified the nature of future social needs and considered how organisations could address these.
It is a longer version of the summary deck available on http://www.slideshare.net/timjones72/connected-success-the-future-of-the-socially-valued-organisation-21-03-14 and is designed to be printed as an A5 booklet.
This document details the findings from a foresight programme that identified the nature of future social needs and considered how organisations could address these.
Undertaken via a combination of desk research, one-on-one interviews, discussion forums and major workshops held on three continents, this programme explored multiple perspectives with experts and informed people from over 100 different organisations.
The insights were gained as part of a wider project for Barclays Bank plc. which has been building on its current Citizenship platform and looking ahead to shifts and options for change to prepare for the world in 2020.
This summary is being shared directly with those who participated in the discussions as a record of the dialogue. In addition, it is also being made available to interested parties for continued discussion and feedback.
The approach taken for this project was based on that adopted for the global Future Agenda programme – the world’s largest open foresight project to date.
• Starting with informed perspectives gleaned from research and initial interviews, a range of assumptions and hypotheses were developed and discussed within the core team.
• A series of group discussions were then used to test thinking and gain new perspectives from experts across a number of areas – from academics, philosophers and ethnographers and leaders of social enterprises to economists and businesses.
• Revised perspectives were then taken into three major workshops in Johannesburg, London and New York where a wider group of informed people from multiple organisations challenged and built upon each others’ views to provide a richer, deeper view of the future of the socially valued organisation.
This document is a synthesis of what we heard and learned from these discussions.
Connected Success - The Future of the Socially Valued Organisation - 21 03 14Tim Jones
This document summarises the findings from a major foresight programme that identified the nature of future social needs and considered how organisations are expected to address these.
Undertaken via a combination of research, one-on-one interviews, discussion forums and major workshops held on three continents, this programme has explored multiple perspectives with experts and informed people from over 100 different organisations.
The insights were gained as part of a wider project for Barclays Bank plc. that has been building on its current Citizenship platform and looking ahead to shifts and options for change in the world in 2020.
This summary is being shared directly with all participants in the discussions as a record of the dialogue and its conclusions. In addition, it is also been made more widely available for continued discussion and feedback.
Socially Valued Organisations - An Updated View 18 02 14Tim Jones
This is an updated initial view of what may be some of the characteristics of socially valued organisations in the future. These have come from research and a series of discussions with different groups over the past few months and are now being used as the starting point for wider engagement. Workshops around the world and direct feedback (please feel free to provide) are helping to enrich these views. This update includes output from events in South Africa and the UK. There will be another revision and re-sharing in March 2014 after final workshops have been completed.
So, if you think that there is something missing, please let us know.
Equally if you disagree with something that is already in the mix please tell us why.
As with all future agenda projects, the views provided are from expert discussions that have taken place but on the understanding of non attribution and so do feel free to use and react to these insights in this context.
If you have any questions, do not hesitate to get in touch.
Future of Innovation and Intellectual Property 28 Nov 2013Tim Jones
A talk at the launch of a new book on Intellectual Property Valuation and Innovation. Second chapter sourced from Future Agenda discussions and perspectives looks at severn potential changes for the innovation and intellectual property landscape over the next decade. Launch taking place on 28 Nov 2013 at Kingston Smith LLP London
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As with all futureagenda projects, the outputs will be openly shared for all to use as sources of insight and stimulus for innovation, strategy challenge and wider engagement.
Emerging shifts for the media industry 13 09 13 - changes from within the se...Tim Jones
This presentation is an initial view that brings together a number of different perspectives on the future of media driven by potential changes within the sector, in adjacent arenas and beyond - it is based on multiple people's perspectives and we welcome other views to add / edit for v2 if you have them
Next Generation Service Innovation Workshop - Singapore - 23 August 2013Tim Jones
As services continue to contribute more to the global economy and new propositions emerge daily, innovation in services is under greater focus. This is the material for a one day exec workshop looking at next generation service innovation covering the context, a number of leading case studies and also approaches for rethinking the service innovation experience to enhance value and customer impact. Drawn from a combination of the ongoing Growth Champions and Innovation Leaders analysis, it first looks at the core enablers of change for service innovation today - namely co-creation, web 2.0, new business models and new value shifts. Next it looks at nine established service innovation successes that have been changing perceptions in recent years - Inditex (Zara) fast fashion, Rolls-Royce TotalCare, Nike ID, Amazon, Virgin Atlantic, Airtel, Starwood Hotels, Google and Live Nation.
Then it moves on to explore eight emerging / accelerating service innovation experiences that are having impact: Zipcar, Naranaya Hrundayalaya, M-pesa, AA Drivesafe, Citizinvestor, Zopa, Motif Investing and Qcue.
The afternoon section looks at how companies can use these case studies to understand which elements of next generation service innovation could have impact on their sector and relevance for their business and then provides an overview of four approaches to help think of new service innovation models - Parallel Views, Value Innovation, Lean Thinking and Destroy your own business.
Designed to give companies an immersive experience the workshop uses this material in a number of different presentation formats including cards and other interactive elements. The Singapore event is the first of several to share this material and has been developed in collaboration with Training Vision and the WDA of the Singapore government.
Adaptation to Climate Change An Initial View lr - Aug 2013Tim Jones
This presentation summarises a research project undertaken in Q2 of 2013 looking at how different organisations are planning for adaptation to climate change. Based on discussions with leaders from over 20 companies around the world and supported by additional analysis, it looks at a number of issues in and around adaptation.
Key areas covered are:
Foresight and Future Agenda
The Context For Adaptation
Adaptation Policy and Plans
Business Risk
Variations by Geography
Impact of Cities
Levels of Adaptation Activity
Implications and Trade Offs
This is designed as an initial view of where thinking is currently at, what are some of the key shifts taking place and what are some of the major challenges. It is not meant to be the answer but more to layout the challenge and identify some of the key questions and trade offs we need to consider both globally and locally as we learn to live with effects of global warming and a 4C warmer world.
Further discussions on and around this topic will take place later this year as part of our ongoing refresh of emerging views in and around the impacts and implications of climate change.
The Future Agenda programme is the world’s first global open foresight initiative. Supported in 2010 by Vodafone Group, this is a major cross-discipline project that united some of the best minds from around the globe to address the greatest challenges of the next decade. In doing so, it mapped out the major issues, identified and discussed potential solutions, suggested the best ways forward and provided a unique open platform for collective innovation at a higher level than has been previously been achieved. The first programme involved over 2500 experts in 50 workshops around the world and engaged on-line with another 20,000 people in 147 different countries. Many companies, governments and other organsiations around the world are using insights from the Future Agenda to identify major growth platforms for the future. A second programme looking at the world in 2025 is scheduled for 2015.
Since the first programme, we have been undertaking a number of deep dives into specific areas of interest to companies. These have ranges from the emerging role of women in India, the increasing influence of cities and the future of work through to specific implications of emerging changes on sectors including banking, FMCG, transportation and healthcare. The Adaptation to Climate Change is the latest of these deep dives.
Hotel 2030 Emerging Trends - Initial Perspectives May 2013Tim Jones
Hotel 2030 is a cross-sector platform that aims to act as a catalyst for open discussion on the possible changes facing the hospitality industry and the associated innovation opportunities for hotels over the next 15 to 20 years. Starting with initial perspectives drawn from a number of studies already undertaken by varied companies and academics, as with the futureagenda programme, the intent is that interested organizations around the world will use this material to challenge assumptions, identify gaps, add their own views and collectively co-create a richer, deeper dialogue of possible futures in the hospitality sector.
AMPlify - Emerging shifts and the transformation of money and wealth - June ...Tim Jones
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Emerging shifts and impacts on hospitality - 10 may 2013Tim Jones
A talk given to several across the hotel industry on some shifts taking place outside the hospitality sector that could have significant impact in years to come. In particular looks at the challenge of creating more flexible, urban spaces; accommodating 4C of climate change; supporting more rental in every day life; creating apparent personalisation; using others data to see needs early; and proactively taking a lead role in alternative currencies. Ends with some key challenges for the branded hotel sector going forward.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony