The document discusses entrepreneurship and innovation as career opportunities. It defines entrepreneurship as developing and running a business to make a profit, taking on uncertainties. An entrepreneur takes risks to start a business based on their own ideas. Innovation renews products/services by applying new ideas and techniques. The document outlines the process of engineering a product from ideation to prototypes. It discusses how students can become entrepreneurs by gaining technical knowledge and exposure. Technology readiness levels (TRL) scale from 0 to 9 are presented to assess innovation maturity from an idea to commercialization. Protein in urine affects many people and a non-strip based testing device is proposed as an innovative solution. Requirements for entrepreneurs like communication, sales, and business strategy are also highlighted

1. ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND
INNOVATION AS A CAREER
OPPORTUNITY
PREETI JACOB
ASST. PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
IIC VICE PRESIDENT
CMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE

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3. ENTREPRENEURSHIP
 Entrepreneurship is the ability and readiness to
develop, organize and run a business
enterprise, along with any of its uncertainties in
order to make a profit.
 The most prominent example of entrepreneurship is
the starting of new businesses.
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4. ENTREPRENEUR
 An entrepreneur
is an individual
who takes the risk
to start their own
business based on
an idea they have or
a product they have
created while
assuming most of
the risks and
reaping most of the
rewards of the
business.
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6. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
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Business Man Entrepreneur
Existing
Idea
Existing
Market
Calculative
Market
Player
Less
Risk
Profit
Oriented
Very high
competition
New
Idea
New
Market
Intuitive
High
Risk
People
oriented
Market
Leader
Low
competition

7. INNOVATION
 Innovation is a process by which a domain, a
product, or a service is renewed and brought up to
date by applying new processes, introducing
new techniques, or establishing successful
ideas to create new value.
 The word “innovation” is derived from the Latin verb
innovare, which means to renew.
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8. TYPES OF INNOVATION
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Touchscreen
mobile
Googl
e Meet
LED
lights

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10. STUDENT/ EMPLOYER TO ENTREPRENEUR
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 Technical knowledge
 Lab experience in
handling equipments
 Exposure to various
seminars
 Competitions like
Smart India Hackathon
and lot of other events,
 Business knowledge
 Market Study and
Understanding
 Industry requirements
Have’s Have not’s

11. STEPS OF ENGINEERING A PRODUCT
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Ideation
Design
Proposal
Feasibility
Analysis
Prototypes Feedback

12. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

13. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

14. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 Around 317million people suffer from Proteinuria,
protein in urine. Indication of complex diseases like
Diabetes, Hypertension, pregnancy induced
hypertension and other chronic disease.
Dr. Pankaj Parashar
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15. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have
been formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

16. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof
of concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

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18. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment
("ugly" prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

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20. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

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22. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

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24. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational
environment at pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

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27. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

28.  USP of SCINTIGLO TM
 Unique as a NON STRIP BASED TEST DEVICE with Accuracy of more than 95%
 Provides instant results within 2 – 3 seconds
 Data Logging and 2 way communication is possible via an onboard bluetooth
connectivity and a Smart phone application
 Extremely helpful for early diagnosis of
 Annual 3 Crore Pregnancies for Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH)
 20 Crore Hypertension patients for Microalbuminuria and its associated
complications
 6 Crore patients with Diabetes for early kidney damage detection.
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29. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVELS (TRL)
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•TRL 0 : Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
•TRL 1 : Basic research. Principles postulated observed but no
experimental proof available.
•TRL 2 : Technology formulation. Concept and application have been
formulated.
•TRL 3 : Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of
concept.
•TRL 4 : Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly"
prototype)
•TRL 5 : Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
•TRL 6 : Prototype system tested in intended environment close to
expected performance.
•TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at
pre-commercial scale.
•TRL 8 : First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues
solved.
•TRL 9 : Full commercial application, technology available for
consumers.

30. REQUIREMENT OF AN ENTREPRENEUR
1. Communication
2. Sales
3. Focus
4. Ability to learn
5. Business Strategy
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32. THANK YOU.....
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