innovation and disaster
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The document discusses innovation and disasters. It describes an innovative umbrella design that allows the handle to bend into different positions. It then defines a disaster as a serious disruption exceeding a community's ability to cope using its own resources. There are two types of disasters: natural disasters like Hurricane Sandy, which caused massive damage along the East Coast in 2012; and human-made disasters such as industrial accidents, oil spills, and deliberate attacks.
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2014 A NEW FOCUS ON EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE Part 1 of 2 Parts
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Flooding occurs somewhere in the world approximately 10,000 times every day as the consequences of a locale having more water than the local water cycle can process within its physical limits. Floods occur as the result of: extreme levels of , precipitation in thunderstorms, tropical storms, typhoons, hurricanes, and cyclones; in storm surges, and in tsunami wave run up. We continue to operate with a flawed premise: Knowledge from flood disasters, which occur in association with great subduction zone earthquakes in the Pacific and Indian oceans and are very well understood, therefore flood disaster resilience should be accomplished relatively easily by vulnerable countries. Unfortunately, the fact of the matter is, floods are not annual events; they are also complex, so most nations, whether impacted or not, usually are slow to adopt and implement policies based on science and recent catastrophic events making flood disaster resilience a very elusive goal to achieve. What have we learned from recent past floods to increase survivability? First of all, the timing of anticipatory actions is vital. People who know: 1) what to expect (e.g., strong ground motion, soil effects, flood wave run up, ground failure), where and when floods have historically happened, and 3) what they should (and should not) do to prepare for them, will survive. Secondly, timely, realistic disaster scenarios save lives. The people who have timely, realistic, advance information that facilitates reduction of vulnerabilities, and hence the risks associated with strong ground shaking, flood wave run up, and ground failure will survive. Thirdly, Emergency preparedness and response. The “Uncontrollable and Unthinkable” events will always hinder the timing of emergency response operations, especially the search and rescue operations that are limited to “the golden 48 hours.” The local community’s capacity for emergency health care (i,e., coping with damaged hospitals and medical facilities, lack of clean drinking water, food, and medicine, and high levels of morbidity and mortality) is vital for survival. And finally, earthquake engineer building save lives. Buildings engineered to withstand the risks from an earthquake’s strong ground shaking and ground failure that cause damage, collapse, and loss of function, is vital for protecting occupants and users from death and injury. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reductionenvironmental studies
This document discusses human settlements. It begins by defining human settlements and describing their history. Early human settlements formed for protection, access to resources like water, farmland, and materials. The document then discusses why the first permanent settlements began, with people starting agriculture and needing to stay in one place. It describes how early settlements chose defensive locations with access to necessities. The document outlines effects of modern human settlements like pollution, resource consumption, and vulnerability to climate impacts. It classifies rural and urban settlements and describes common settlement patterns. Sustainable urban planning is presented as key to addressing environmental challenges from settlements.
LESSON 1 BASIC CONCEPT OF DISASTER & DISASTER RISK.pptx
This document defines key terms related to disasters, including:
1. It provides three definitions of "disaster" from different organizations.
2. It identifies two types of disasters: natural disasters caused by forces of nature and man-made disasters caused by human actions.
3. It explains concepts like hazard, vulnerability, capacity, primary effects, secondary effects, and tertiary effects in relation to disasters.
Environmental Disasters
This document discusses environmental disasters, including both natural and man-made types. It provides examples of various natural disasters like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, floods, droughts and others. It also discusses man-made disasters such as nuclear disasters, chemical disasters, biological disasters, fire accidents, travel accidents, and terrorism. For each type of disaster, it outlines precautions people can take to protect themselves and mitigate damage.
Noise and Marine pollutions
One of the greatest problems that the world is facing today is that of environmental pollution, increasing with every passing year and causing grave and irreparable damage to the earth. Environmental pollution consists of five basic types of pollution, namely, air, water, soil, noise and light.
PART 3 HURRICANES LEARNING FROM GLOBAL DISASTER LABORATORIES 2014
PART 3 HURRICANES LEARNING FROM GLOBAL DISASTER LABORATORIES 2014 Professor Eric K. Noji, M.D., MPH, DTMH(Lon), FRCP(UK)hon
This document discusses lessons learned from past hurricanes that have impacted various nations. It outlines key impacts of hurricanes such as wind damage, storm surge, flooding, infrastructure impacts, and economic costs. Specific hurricanes that caused major damage, like Andrew, Katrina, Rita, Wilma and Sandy, are examined in depth. The document stresses that it takes multiple hurricane disasters before most nations will enact policies to improve resilience. It identifies pillars of resilience like preparedness, building codes, early warning systems, emergency response, and insurance. The challenge of enacting policy changes through education to create "turning points" for improved resilience is also addressed.Three Mile Island Case Study
It is a case study about Three Mile Island nuclear power plant accident which happened on 1979 in Pennsylvania(USA)
World Disaster Day April 30, 2014
Making (or not making) our world disaster resilient is our legacy. History will decide which legacy we actually leave. The keys to resilience: 1) know the disaster history of your region, 2) be well-prepared 3) have a warning system 4) have an evacuation plan 5) learn from every global experience and start over. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction.
2014 A NEW FOCUS ON EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE Part 1 of 2 Parts
2014 A NEW FOCUS ON EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE Part 1 of 2 Parts Professor Eric K. Noji, M.D., MPH, DTMH(Lon), FRCP(UK)hon
The objective of this presentation is to facilitate planning for the 3rd World Confeence On Disaster Risk Reduction to be convened in Japan in March 2015. Preparedness and emergency response are essential pillars of earthquiake disaster resilience. Prepareadness and emergency response in a community increase as the community’s capability to anticipate what will happen increases. Every time an earthquake disaster occurs, we have new knowledge to add to our “books of knowledge” on emergency response. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction.Part 1 Typhoons. Learning from Global Disaster Laboratories in 2014
Part 1 Typhoons. Learning from Global Disaster Laboratories in 2014Professor Eric K. Noji, M.D., MPH, DTMH(Lon), FRCP(UK)hon
We believe a flawed premise. Typhoon disasters, which occur annually, should be enough to make any nation susceptible to typhoons adopt and implement policies that will lead to their typhoon disaster resilience. Fact: it usually takes multiple disasters before a stricken nation will adopt policies to move towards disaster resilient. Creating turning points for typhoon disaster resilience. Integration of scientific and technical solutions with political solutions for policies on preparedness, protection, early warning, emergency response, and recovery. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster ReductionMan made disasters
Man made disasters are hazards caused by human action or inaction. They are contrasted with natural hazards. Man made disasters may adversely affect humans, other organisms and ecosystems. The frequency and severity of hazards are key elements in some risk analysis methodologies.
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Have we finally found the elusive "Higgs Boson" particle of disaster risk Red...
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- 1. SHROFF S R ROTARY INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY BRIDGE COURSE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Sub.:- INNOVATION AND DISASTER GROUP :-04 PREPARED BY: NIRMAL KEVAL HETVI
- 3. INNOVATION • FLEXIBLER AN UMBRELLA THAT STANDS • DESIGNERS: LIANG-HOCK POH & MING-HUNG LIN • ABOUT: UMBRELLA IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT INVENTION FOR HUMAN. BUT THIS INNOVATION IS ABOUT THAT THE UMBRELLA HANDLE BENDS AND CAN BE USED IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS, IT RETAINS ITS ORIGINAL FORM WHEN NEEDED. WE CAN USE IT IN DIFFERENT SITUATION. YOU CAN SEE THIS DIFFERENT INNOVATION.
- 4. YOU CAN HANG UP IT EVERYWHERE; CAUSE ITS HANDLE IS FLEXIBLE .
- 7. * DISASTER • A DISASTER IS A SERIOUS DISRUPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF A COMMUNITY OR A SOCIETY INVOLVING WIDESPREAD HUMAN, MATERIAL, ECONOMIC OR ENVIRONMENTAL LOSSES AND IMPACTS, WHICH EXCEEDS THE ABILITY OF THE AFFECTED COMMUNITY OR SOCIETY TO COPE USING ITS OWN RESOURCES. • THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF DISASTERS. 1. NATURAL DISASTER 2. HUMAN MADE DISASTER
- 8. * NATURAL DISASTER • HURRICANE SANDY (ALSO KNOWN AS SUPERSTORM SANDY) WAS THE MOST DESTRUCTIVE HURRICANE OF THE 2012 ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON. SANDY MADE LANDFALL IN SOUTHERN NEW JERSEYAND BECAME INCREDIBLE IN ITS SIZE AND POWER. IT WAS A LARGE STORM WITH VIOLENT GUSTS AND STORM SURGES THAT CAUSED MAJOR FLOODING AND LEFT MILLIONS OF PEOPLE ALONG THE EAST COAST WITHOUT POWER. MORE THAN 100 PEOPLE DIED AND TENS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE WERE INJURED AND RELOCATED. ESTIMATED DAMAGE FROM SANDY IS NEAR $65 BILLION, MAKING SANDY THE SECOND-COSTLIEST HURRICANE IN THE NATION'S HISTORY, AFTER HURRICANE KATRINA.
- 12. * HUMAN MADE DISASTER • HUMAN-INSTIGATED DISASTERS ARE THE CONSEQUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS. EXAMPLES INCLUDE STAMPEDES, FIRES, TRANSPORT ACCIDENTS, INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS, OIL SPILLS AND NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS/RADIATION. WAR AND DELIBERATE ATTACKS MAY ALSO BE PUT IN THIS CATEGORY. AS WITH NATURAL HAZARDS, MAN-MADE HAZARDS ARE EVENTS THAT HAVE NOT HAPPENED—FOR INSTANCE, TERRORISM. MAN-MADE DISASTERS ARE EXAMPLES OF SPECIFIC CASES WHERE MAN-MADE HAZARDS HAVE BECOME REALITY IN AN EVENT.