Inflation is defined as a sustained increase in prices for goods and services. There are two main theories for the causes of inflation: demand-pull, where too much money chases too few goods, and cost-push, where companies raise prices to maintain profits as costs increase. India calculates inflation using the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI), though WPI is outdated and CPI has time lags in reporting. While India recently saw negative inflation rates, food prices are still affecting people despite the overall decline in inflation.