This document discusses four main forms of business organization: sole proprietorship, partnership, joint stock company, and co-operative society. Sole proprietorships are owned and operated by one individual who has unlimited liability. Partnerships involve more than one individual partner who share unlimited liability and profits according to an agreement. Joint stock companies raise capital through transferable shares and have limited liability for shareholders and professional management. Co-operative societies are voluntary, self-financing organizations with limited liability, democratic management, and state assistance.