The document discusses the sand blasting process used in denim fabric treatment, outlining its properties, advantages, and disadvantages. It compares sand blasting with alternative methods like hand sanding and machine sanding while also detailing the processes involved. The conclusion emphasizes the relevance of these techniques in practical and job-related contexts.

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BGMEA University of Fashion & Technology
Excellence Through Education
Course Code: AMM3201
Course Title: Industrial garments washing
Presentation Title: Discussion on different type Sand Blasting
process on denim fabric with properties, advantages &
disadvantages.
Submitted By: Submitted To:
191-036-111 (Azizur Rahman)
191-024-111 (Tanvir Hasan)
191-033-111 (Hasibul Hasan)
Rozina Akhtar
Lecturer
Department of AMM
BUFT

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Sl. No Content Page no:
01 Introduction 03
02 Process Flow Chart of Sand
Blasting
04
03 Sand Blasting 05-08
04 Hand Sanding 09-11
05 The differences between Sand
Blast and Hand sand
12
06 Machine Sanding 13-14
07 Conclusion 15

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Introduction:
and blasting is a mechanical process in which localised
abrasion or colour change on the denim garment is
created. The process involves blasting an abrasive
material in granular, powdered form at a very high speed and
pressure through a nozzle, on certain areas of the garment such
as knees and elbows. The treated surface shows
distressed/abraded/used look.
The objective of Sand Blasting:
 The main objective of sandblasting washing is to colour
fading from the specific surface area on the garments.
 For making fashionable apparel.
 To create novel fashion.
 To prepare softness inwards garments.
 To satisfy the consumer.
Flow Chart:
We can express sandblasting as:
S

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It is a purely mechanical process, not using any chemicals. It is a
water-free process therefore no drying required. Variety of
distressed or abraded looks possible. Any number of designs
could be created by special techniques.
Process Flow Chart of Sand Blasting:
Garment collects
↓
Select pressure and angle
↓
Rubber board placed inside the garment
↓
Marking
↓
Garments are taken to the chamber
↓
Sand blowing from the gun on garments
↓
Continue
↓
Repeat
↓

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Wet wash
Three methods:
1.Sand Blasting,
2.Hand sanding or hand brushing,
3.Machine Sanding.
1.Sand Blasting:
Sand blasting technique is based on blasting an abrasive material
(Most of time sand) in granular, powdered, or other form

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through a nozzle at very high speed and pressure on to specific
areas of the garments surface to be treated to give the desired
abraded look or used look.
Properties:
 It is purely mechanical process, not using any chemicals.
 It is a water free process therefore no drying required.
 Variety of distressed or abraded looks possible.
 Any number of designs could be created by special
techniques.
 When the surface area of the garment is blasted, white
cotton appears beneath the blasted area.

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Advantages:
Easy process: The process of Sandblasting is quite easy. You do
require to a hire a professional since you don’t know the
precautions to be taken.
 Less machinery: This process just requires a compressor,
a blasting pot, and a nozzle.
 Wide applications: There are lots of applications of sand
blasting in every area.
 Perfect cleaning: This process can be used for every
material for the purpose of cleaning.

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Disadvantages:
 Sand blasting over the smooth area and hardened area like
glass are not useful. As it is ineffective to such surface ad
moreover, they create a scratch over such a smooth surface.
 The residual dust remnants after sand blasting can cause
pollution in the air. And causes difficulty in breathing.
the operator associated with it may have Respiratory Track
Infectious disease.
 The use of silica might cause a siliceous hazard as the silica
sand breaks easily causing a large amount of minute dust.
 There is a probability of harm by the rebounded abrasive
material near the area. Thus the protective casing is used
for small work however cannot be used for large
voluminous works.
 The equipment might not be easily available and
accessible. Moreover, it is not economic for small projects.
 High precaution measures are to be taken by operators.

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2.Hand Sanding:
Hand sand is a fundamental dry process now a day. This process
is done in dry condition to remove the colour from a specific
area. In maximum garments, we have to do this process because
the Sand Blasting process is now banned. This process is done
manually with abrasive paper on a specific area. At first, we
have to make the garments and then put on the dummy and
scrapped. After this process, quality is checked and goes for the
first wash. The effects will be visible after a complete wash.

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Apparatus:
 Pattern
 Emery paper or abrasive paper
 Chalk powder
Properties:
 It is manual process, not using any chemicals.
 sandpaper is used here for creating desire out look.
 Variety of distressed or abraded looks possible.
 Time consuming process.

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Advantages:
 It a manual process. no chemicals are used here.
 Effects are created in the depth of the surface
 No possibility to found metal.
 low cost.
 Environment is not polluted
 Less health hazardous
Disadvantages:
 difficult to control the consentience of the effects.
 Sometimes found the uneven worn looks.
 Production is low.
 Process is lengthy.
 required skilled worker.

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The differences between Sand Blast and Hand sand are as
follows:
Sl. No Sand blast Hand Sanding
01 This process is done by
gun with the help of air
flow.
This process is done
manually with the help of
abrasive paper.
02 Total indigo is out, so
slap is down
Indigo stays inside, so slap is
increased.
03 Sometimes, metal can
be found.
No possibility to found meta
04 Effect is on the top of
the surface
Effect is in the depth of the
surface.
05 Less yarn character. More yarn character.
06 Process is faster. Process is lengthy.
07 Environment is
polluted.
Environment is not polluted.

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3.Machine Sanding:
In this technique, a series of cylindrical rolls in a horizontal
arrangement, either wrapped with an abrasive paper or
chemically coated with an abrasive.
Properties:
 The parts of dry process.
 For only in denim garments.
 Physical process which creates localize abrasion.
 Mechanical process, where no need to use any chemical.
 A water free process.

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Advantages:
 This process is done by abrasive paper and fabric is attach
by the cylinder machine.
 Total indigo is out, so slap is down.
 Process is faster.
 Evenness on surface.
 Easy to control.
Disadvantages:
 The residual dust remnants after machines sanding can
cause pollution in the air.
 The use of silica might cause a siliceous hazard as the silica
sand breaks easily causing a large amount of minute dust.
 The use of silica might cause a siliceous hazard as the silica
sand breaks easily causing a large amount of minute dust.
 The equipment might not be easily available and
accessible.
 High precaution measures are to be taken by operators.
Precaution:
Protection eyeglass.
Using mask
Earplug.
Should use a helmet, Cap.
Using apron.

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Conclusion:
Through this presentation, we have learned about Sand blasting
methods, properties, advantages, and disadvantages. It will be
helpful for our practical life and job life.