History of India and Pakistan

1. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION (3300-1300 BC)
1. Main occupation of IVC was agriculture.
2. It is called Neolithic age – New stone age.
3. IVC also known as Bronze age and Harappa civilization.
4. Major cities, Harappa (Sahiwal), bank of Ravi river. Discoverer Daya Ram sahini
1921
5. Sir John Marshal Director General (1902-1928) of archeological survey of India.
6. Colin Mackenzie was first Surveyor general of India appointed in 1915.

2. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION (3300-1300 BC)
1. Mohenjo-Daro 1922 (28KM-Larkana), bank of Indus river, described as World
2. heritage by UNESCO 1980. Discoverer Rahkal Das Bannerjee. Also Known as oasis
of Sindh
3. Dholavira(1985) site Gujrat India, Rakhigarhi Haryana India
4. Archaeological survey of India by alexander Cunningham 1861 first DG (Lord
Cunning)
5. Biggest site IVC ---Rakhigarhi Hisar district Haryana, unknown to use of Iron.
6. The Great Granary and Great Bath of the IVC has been discovered at- Mohenjo-Daro.
7. Mohenjo-Daro is also known as ----Mound of the dead.

3. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION (3300-1300 BC)
1. Largest site IVC----Mohenjo-Daro ,Smallest site IVC----Allah Dina (
Karachi)
2. Main feature of IVC was town Planning.
3. Mesopotamian and Egyptian were contemporary civilizations of the IVC
4. Gandhara kingdom in the north of Pakistan developed in 4th century BC.
5. Capital- Pushkalavati ( Charsada)
6. Taxila was capital of Gandhara. 35KM north west of rawalpindi

4. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION (3300-1300 BC)
1. Greatest university of ancient world was at Taxila.
2. Hansi Tribe is settled in Western Balochistan.
3. Chandragupta founded the Mauriya Empire in 321 BC with capital at
Patna
4. Alexander crossed the Salt Range south of Islamabad to the Beas river.
5. Ashoka promoted Buddhism and built Buddhist shrines in india.

5. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION (3300-1300 BC)
1. Great bath of IVC discovered at Mohenjo-Daro
2. Alexander conquered the Dandhara region between
327-325 BC.
3. Mehr Garh site is located in Baluchistan. First
evidence of cotton cultivation found.
4. Total sites in Indus Valley Civilization 1400.
5. script use in IVC Dravidian