The document discusses how to create in-text citations when integrating sources into academic writing. It explains that in-text citations include the author's last name, year of publication, and page or paragraph number if quoting directly from the source. For paraphrasing or summarizing a source, only the author's name and year are needed. Signal phrases can be used to introduce a source, in which case only the page or paragraph number is necessary in the citation. Different citation formats are required depending on whether the source has one or multiple authors or if the publication date is unknown.

1. In-Text Citations

2. How to Create an In-Text Citation
This is a paragraph from Chapter 22 of Mosaics: Reading
and Writing
Once you evaluate your sources and figure out which ones will help
establish your argument, you then need to learn how to seamlessly
integrate them into your paper. In other words, you need to
introduce them effectively while showing readers they are credible
and offer valuable evidence to back up your argument. Integrating
your sources into your argument will help your readers understand
the kind of information you are using. You also must show them
you are using credible sources and evidence based on fact.
Reference
Flachmann, K. (2014). Mosaics: Reading and writing essays (6th
ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

3. How to Create an In-Text Citation
Let’s say you want to use the following quote in your paper.
Once you evaluate your sources and figure out which ones will
help establish your argument, you then need to learn how to
seamlessly integrate them into your paper. In other words, you
need to introduce them effectively while showing readers they are
credible and offer valuable evidence to back up your argument.
Integrating your sources into your argument will help your readers
understand the kind of information you are using. You also must
show them you are using credible sources and evidence based on
fact.
Reference
Flachmann, K. (2014). Mosaics: Reading and writing essays (6th
ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

4. How to Create an In-Text Citation
Here is what your in-text citation should like
like.
“Once you evaluate your sources and figure
out which ones will help establish your
argument, you then need to learn how to
seamlessly integrate them into your paper”
(Flachmann, 2013, p. 476).

5. How to Create an In-Text Citation
First, you include the last name of the
author, followed by a comma.
“Once you evaluate your sources and figure
out which ones will help establish your
argument, you then need to learn how to
seamlessly integrate them into your paper”
(Flachmann, 2013, p. 476).

6. How to Create an In-Text Citation
Second, you include the year of
publication, followed by a comma.
“Once you evaluate your sources and figure
out which ones will help establish your
argument, you then need to learn how to
seamlessly integrate them into your paper”
(Flachmann, 2013, p. 476).

7. How to Create an In-Text Citation
Last, you include the page number of the
quote. (Use para. For web pages that only
have paragraphs and no page numbers.)
“Once you evaluate your sources and figure
out which ones will help establish your
argument, you then need to learn how to
seamlessly integrate them into your paper”
(Flachmann, 2013, p. 476).

8. Punctuating In-Text Citations
Notice where your quotation marks and
periods go when you are using in-text
citations.
“Once you evaluate your sources and figure
out which ones will help establish your
argument, you then need to learn how to
seamlessly integrate them into your paper”
(Flachmann, 2013, p. 476).

9. In-Text Citations for Summary and Paraphrase
What if you want to summarize or paraphrase this information?
Once you evaluate your sources and figure out which ones will
help establish your argument, you then need to learn how to
seamlessly integrate them into your paper. In other words, you
need to introduce them effectively while showing readers they are
credible and offer valuable evidence to back up your argument.
Integrating your sources into your argument will help your readers
understand the kind of information you are using. You also must
show them you are using credible sources and evidence based on
fact.
Reference
Flachmann, K. (2014). Mosaics: Reading and writing essays (6th
ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

10. In-Text Citations for Summary and
Paraphrase
The only thing different about using an intext citation with a summary or paraphrase
is that the page or paragraph number is not
required.
“Evaluating sources helps you establish an
argument” (Flachmann, 2013).

11. Signal Phrases
We will learn more about signal phrases a little later. But
you want to use them the first time you use any source.
When you use a signal phrase, you do not need to use
the author’s last name in the in-text citation, because
you use it earlier in the paragraph.
According to author Kim Flachmann in her book
Mosaics: Reading and Writing Essays, “Once you
evaluate your sources and figure out which ones will
help establish your argument, you then need to learn
how to seamlessly integrate them into your paper”
(2013, p. 476).

12. What if….
What if your source has an organization for an author?
(National Education Association, 2013, para. 4)
No author?
(“First word or two of title,” 2013, p. 3)
Two authors?
(Jones and Mervin, 2010, para. 3)
No date?
(Jones, n.d., p. 345)
Check out this website for more scenarios…..
http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/resdoc5e/res5e_ch09_s1-0001.html