This document discusses a study on improving the properties of concrete by adding fibers. It summarizes that concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. It then discusses different types of fibers that can be added like steel fibers, polypropylene fibers, carbon fibers, and glass fibers. The study focuses on adding steel fibers and polypropylene fibers to concrete mixtures to test their effect on compressive and tensile strength. The results showed that mixtures with both steel and polypropylene fibers had higher strengths compared to plain concrete at 7 and 28 days. Applications of fiber reinforced concrete included industrial floors, building structures, tunnels and more.

1. Improvement Of Properties Of Concrete By
Adding Fibers
)An Experimental Studying(
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2. Concrete is one of the most versatile building material.
Concrete is strong under compression yet weak under
tension, brittle and limited ductility material.
Therefore, a form of reinforcement is needed, steel bars
reinforce concrete against tension only locally.
 Cracks in reinforced concrete members extend freely
until encountering a rebar.
The need for Multidirectional and closely spaced
reinforcement for concrete arises.
FRC is a concrete mix that contains short discrete fibers
that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented.
INTRODUCTION

4. Steel Fibre
Polypropylene Fibre
Carbon Fibre
Glass Fibre

5. Steel fibers are the most common fibers used in concrete
.They may be produced either by cutting wires, shearing
sheets or from a hot melt extract.
Steel fibers have high modulus of elasticity which is 10
times that of concrete, reasonably good bond and high
elongation at fracture. Steel fibers range in length from
0.25 inches to 3.0 inches.

7. The raw material polypropylene, derived from the
monomeric C3H6, is a pure hydrocarbon similar to
paraffin wax. Its mode of polymerization, its high
molecular weight, and the way it is processed into fibers
combine to give polypropylene fibers

8. The concept of using fibers in concrete to improve
resistance to cracking and fragmentation is old and
intuitive.
During the last 30 years different types of fibers and
FIBRE materials were introduced and are being
continuously introduced in the market as new
applications. These fibers can be made of metals,
natural, glass or organic materials.

9. The philosophical objective of the thesis is to contribute
to the knowledge of the properties of FIBRE reinforced
concrete (FRC), helping to extend the use of the material
to structural design.
Study of the effect of using polypropylene FIBRE and
Steel FIBRE on concrete compressive and split tensile
strength.

10. Concrete weak in tensile , brittle and limited ductility
material.
Steel bars however, reinforce concrete against
tension only locally.
Fiber reinforced concrete is used when there is
requirement for eliminating small cracks.
LIMITATION OF THESIS
This thesis focuses on lab specimens testing only
Polypropylene fibers and steel fibers are studied
PROBLEMS OF THESIS

11. Reviewing literatures : (Boxes, Magazines, Websites,
Researches, and References).
Case study : By using combination of polypropylene and
steel FIBRE and make study about it.

12. Data Collection : By experimental investigation where,
one concrete mix made from local ingredients will be
 used to cast and testing (7-day and 28-day curing) of
18
 specimens.
Result Discussion Of Experimental Investigation
Analysis and Discussion Of Results
Conclusion

13. Flow Chart Of The Experiment
Total = 18 specimensTotal = 18 specimens
 Fibre fraction by volume of concrete

14. MATERIALS USED IN AN EXPERIMENTAL
Specimens Casting
 Preparation of materials
Cement
The cement used in preparing the specimens was Ordinary
Portland Cement (OPC) 53 grade Ultra Tech cement.

15. The coarse aggregate used in this investigation is from
Morbi city.
 Specific gravity of aggregate was found to be 2.65.
Coarse Agagregate (20mm and10mm)

16. IS sieve size Cumulative
% of weight
retained
Cumulative
% passing
80 mm 100
40 mm 100
20 mm 18.4 81.6
10 mm 98.64 1.36
4.75 mm 99.84 0.16
2.36 mm 99.92 0.08
1.18 mm 100 0
600 micron 100 0
300 micron 100 0
160 micron 100 0
PAN
TOTAL 616.88
%

17. The fine aggregate used in this investigation was
sand from Morbi city.
The specific gravity of 2.50 according to Pycnometer
Test.
Fine Aggregate

18. IS sieve size Cumulative % of
weight retained
Cumulative %
passing
10 mm 0 100
4.75 mm 0 100
2.36 mm 5.2 94.8
1.18 mm 29.2 70.8
600 micron 30.4 69.6
300 micron 83.6 16.4
150 micron 98.4 1.6
90 micron 99.2 0.8
75 micron 99.6 0.4
PAN 100 0.0
TOTAL %545.6

19. Commercially available polypropylene fibers is 12
mm length fibrillated chopped was used as shown
in picture below.
Specific Gravity of fibre was found to be 0.9
Polypropylene Fibers

20. Commercially available Toothed End Steel
Fibers of 30mm length was used
Specific Gravity of fibre was 7.8.
Steel Fibers

21. Mix Type Cement Sand Course
aggregate
s
Steel
fibers
Polypylene
fibers
%0 1 1.206 2.790 - -
0.5% fiber
25%SF+75%PPF
1 1.206 2.790 0.0318 0.0113
0.5% fiber
50%SF+50%PPF
1 1.206 2.790 0.0636 0.0073
Mix Proportions By Weight, With PPF and SF By Weight*
of Cement Content (W/C=0.44)

25. Fibre Content Fibre Ratio 7 Days 28 days
0% N.A. 20.34 31.98
0.5%(By
volume)
25%SF
+75%PPF
22.23 34.22
0.5%(By
volume)
50%SF
+50%PPF
23.48 35.09
SF- steel fibre
PPF – polypropylene fibre

26. Compressive strength behavior of FRC mixes with varying % Steel and
polypropylene fibre * 0.5% fiber content by volume

27. Fiber Percentage
Fraction)%(
Compressiv
e Strength
7-day
)MPa(
Compressive
Strength
28-day
)MPa(
Percentage
)%(
28-day
7-day
%0 20.34 31.98 100 100
25%SF+75%PP
F
22.23 34.22 109.29 107.04
50%SF+50%PP
F
23.48 35.09 115.33 109.72
* Average of 3 Specimens.
Effect of Polypropylene Fibers and steel fibers on the Strength of the
Concrete

28.  Slabs - fibers increase dynamic loading resistance
I. Industrial floor slabs
II.Slabs on grade
III.Warehouses floor slabs
IV.Garage floors
V.Drive ways
VI.Bus stop pads
VII.Airport Slabs

29.  Building systems
I. Slabs, footing
II. Shear walls
III. Curtain walls
IV. Precast elements
 Tunnel Building
I. Shotcreted line tunnels
II. Railway tunnels

30. Applications Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete

31. 1) Hannant, D. J., “Fiber Cements and Fiber
Concretes”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1978.
2) Fiber Reinforced Concrete (Portland cement
association),1990.
3) "Fiber Reinforced Concrete Developments And
Innovation" James I. Daniel and Surendra P.
Shah, American Concrete Institute Detroit,
Michigan,1994 .
4) www.concrete fiber.com

32. Will be working on improving Tensile strength by using
different proportions.
Will be working on Flexural strength by using different
proportions.

33. Guided by : Prof. K.B. Vaghela
Prepared by :
Shailesh Kataria
Divyesh Kalsariya
Ravi Kant Pandey
Shailesh Kalsariya