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Immune Disorders in Pediatrics and Geriatrics
You began exploring the pathophysiology and treatment for
immune disorders, such as HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel
disease, and systemic lupus E. You continue this exploration as
you consider these disorders in specific patient groups:
pediatrics and geriatrics. As an advanced practice nurse, you
must understand the differences in the pathophysiology of these
patients, as well as how the drugs used to treat immune
disorders might impact the body systems of pediatric and
geriatric patients. These two patient groups process and respond
to drugs differently than the average adult in their absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs. For this
reason, special consideration must be taken when treating
immune disorders in pediatric and geriatric patients.
To prepare:
Review this week's media presentation on antimicrobials.
Select one of the following immune disorders: HIV, psoriasis,
inflammatory bowel disease, or systemic lupus E (SLE)
Think about the pathophysiology of your selected disorder.
Compare pathophysiological changes in pediatric and geriatric
patients.
Consider the types of drugs that are used to treat symptoms
associated with your selected disorder. Reflect on how the drugs
might impact various body systems in pediatric and geriatric
patients, as well as measures you might take to help reduce any
negative effects.
Reflect on how you might educate a pediatric patient on the
disorder you selected and how you might educate a geriatric
patient on the same disorder. Consider how you would promote
medication adherence, as well.
To complete:
Write a 3- to 4-page paper that addresses the following:
1. Explain the pathophysiology of the disorder you selected.
Then, compare pathophysiological changes in pediatric and
geriatric patients.
2. Describe the types of drugs that are used to treat symptoms
associated with the disorder you selected. Explain how these
drugs might impact various body systems in pediatric and
geriatric patients, as well as measures you might take to help
reduce any negative effects.
3. Explain how you might educate a pediatric patient on the
disorder you selected and how you might educate a geriatric
patient on the same disorder. Include your rationale for each
approach, as well as how you would promote medication
adherence.
4. Summary with conclusion
Reminder:
*Put headings on every section.
*Please utilize my resources below at least three references on
the list and you can add more at least 3 or more from your own
resources (Citation/references must be 5 years old between 2011
and 2016)…
RESOURCES:
Readings
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2012).
Understanding pathophysiology
(Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Chapter 5, “Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound
Healing”
This chapter examines how the body responds to injury and
infection by exploring the first, second, and third lines of
defense. It also covers wound healing and alterations of the
wound-healing process.
Chapter 6, “Adaptive Immunity”
This chapter examines the third line of defense, adaptive
immunity. It also covers the roles of antigens and immunogens,
the humoral immune response, cell-mediated immunity, and the
production of B and T lymphocytes in the immune response.
Chapter 7, “Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense”
This chapter covers the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and
treatment of disorders resulting from infection, deficiencies in
immunity, and hypersensitivity. It also examines the
pathophysiology of an important immune disorder: HIV/AIDS.
Chapter 8, “Stress and Disease”
This chapter evaluates the impact of stress on various body
systems and the immune system. It also examines coping
mechanisms and disorders related to stress.
Chapter 39, “Structure, Function, and Disorders of the
Integument”
This chapter begins with an overview of the structure and
function of skin. It then covers effects of aging on skin, as well
as disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.
Chapter 40, “Alterations of Integument in Children”
This chapter covers alterations of the integument that affect
children. These include acne vulgaris, dermatitis, infections of
the skin, insect bites and parasites, vascular disorders, and other
skin disorders.
Poole Arcangelo, V., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013).
Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical
approach
(3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Chapter 8, “Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy”
This chapter covers factors that impact the selection of an
antimicrobial treatment regimen. It also examines the clinical
uses, adverse events, and drug interactions of various
antimicrobial agents, such as penicillin
Chapter 12, “Fungal Infections of the Skin”
This chapter explores the pathophysiology of several fungal
infections of the skin, as well as related drug treatments. It also
examines the importance of patient education when managing
these infections.
Chapter 14, “Bacterial Infections of the Skin”
This chapter begins by examining causes of bacterial infections.
It then explores the importance of selecting an appropriate agent
for treating bacterial infections.
Chapter 32, “Urinary Tract Infection”
This chapter covers drugs used to treat urinary tract infections.
It also identifies special considerations when treating geriatric
patients, pediatric patients, and women.
Chapter 35, “Sexually Transmitted Infections”
This chapter outlines the causes, pathophysiology, and drug
treatment of six sexually transmitted infections, including
gonorrhea, syphilis, and human papilloma virus infection
(HPV). It also examines the importance of selecting the proper
agent and monitoring patient response to treatment.
Chapter 48, “Human Immunodeficiency Virus”
This chapter presents the causes, pathophysiology, diagnostic
criteria, and prevention methods for HIV. It also covers various
methods of drug treatment and patient factors to consider when
selecting, administering, and managing drug treatments.
Yi, H., Shidlo, A., & Sandfort, T. (2011). Assessing
maladaptive responses to the stress of being at risk of HIV
infection among HIV-negative gay men in New York City.
Journal of Sex Research
,
48
(1), 62–73.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
This study assesses behaviors and attitudes toward HIV based
on knowledge about infection and advances in medical
treatment. It also examines the impact of maladaptive responses
to the stress of HIV risk.
Scourfield, A., Waters, L., & Nelson, M. (2011). Drug
combinations for HIV: What's new?
Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
,
9
(11), 1001–1011. Retrieved from
http://www.expert-reviews.com/doi/abs/10.1586/eri.11.125
This article examines current therapies and strategies for
treating HIV patients. It also examines factors that impact the
selection of therapy, including drug interactions,
personalization of therapy, costs, management of comorbidities,
and patient response.
Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from
www.drugs.com
This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription
and over-the-counter drugs, including information on common
uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating
to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals,
and a drug-drug interactions checker.
Media
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012b).
Antimicrobials
. Baltimore, MD: Author.
This media presentation outlines principles of antimicrobial
therapy.
Optional Resources
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Retrieved
August 10, 2012, from
http://www.cdc.gov
Haymarket Media, Inc. (2012). Monthly prescribing reference
[Online database]. Retrieved from
http://www.empr.com/
Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). Retrieved from
http://www.ismp.org/
Medscape. (2012). Retrieved from
http://www.medscape.com/
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Immune Disorders in Pediatrics and GeriatricsYou began exploring t.docx

  • 1. Immune Disorders in Pediatrics and Geriatrics You began exploring the pathophysiology and treatment for immune disorders, such as HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus E. You continue this exploration as you consider these disorders in specific patient groups: pediatrics and geriatrics. As an advanced practice nurse, you must understand the differences in the pathophysiology of these patients, as well as how the drugs used to treat immune disorders might impact the body systems of pediatric and geriatric patients. These two patient groups process and respond to drugs differently than the average adult in their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs. For this reason, special consideration must be taken when treating immune disorders in pediatric and geriatric patients. To prepare: Review this week's media presentation on antimicrobials. Select one of the following immune disorders: HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, or systemic lupus E (SLE) Think about the pathophysiology of your selected disorder. Compare pathophysiological changes in pediatric and geriatric patients. Consider the types of drugs that are used to treat symptoms associated with your selected disorder. Reflect on how the drugs might impact various body systems in pediatric and geriatric patients, as well as measures you might take to help reduce any negative effects. Reflect on how you might educate a pediatric patient on the disorder you selected and how you might educate a geriatric patient on the same disorder. Consider how you would promote medication adherence, as well. To complete: Write a 3- to 4-page paper that addresses the following: 1. Explain the pathophysiology of the disorder you selected.
  • 2. Then, compare pathophysiological changes in pediatric and geriatric patients. 2. Describe the types of drugs that are used to treat symptoms associated with the disorder you selected. Explain how these drugs might impact various body systems in pediatric and geriatric patients, as well as measures you might take to help reduce any negative effects. 3. Explain how you might educate a pediatric patient on the disorder you selected and how you might educate a geriatric patient on the same disorder. Include your rationale for each approach, as well as how you would promote medication adherence. 4. Summary with conclusion Reminder: *Put headings on every section. *Please utilize my resources below at least three references on the list and you can add more at least 3 or more from your own resources (Citation/references must be 5 years old between 2011 and 2016)… RESOURCES: Readings Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2012). Understanding pathophysiology (Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 5, “Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing” This chapter examines how the body responds to injury and infection by exploring the first, second, and third lines of defense. It also covers wound healing and alterations of the wound-healing process. Chapter 6, “Adaptive Immunity” This chapter examines the third line of defense, adaptive immunity. It also covers the roles of antigens and immunogens, the humoral immune response, cell-mediated immunity, and the production of B and T lymphocytes in the immune response.
  • 3. Chapter 7, “Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense” This chapter covers the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of disorders resulting from infection, deficiencies in immunity, and hypersensitivity. It also examines the pathophysiology of an important immune disorder: HIV/AIDS. Chapter 8, “Stress and Disease” This chapter evaluates the impact of stress on various body systems and the immune system. It also examines coping mechanisms and disorders related to stress. Chapter 39, “Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument” This chapter begins with an overview of the structure and function of skin. It then covers effects of aging on skin, as well as disorders of the skin, hair, and nails. Chapter 40, “Alterations of Integument in Children” This chapter covers alterations of the integument that affect children. These include acne vulgaris, dermatitis, infections of the skin, insect bites and parasites, vascular disorders, and other skin disorders. Poole Arcangelo, V., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 8, “Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy” This chapter covers factors that impact the selection of an antimicrobial treatment regimen. It also examines the clinical uses, adverse events, and drug interactions of various antimicrobial agents, such as penicillin Chapter 12, “Fungal Infections of the Skin” This chapter explores the pathophysiology of several fungal infections of the skin, as well as related drug treatments. It also examines the importance of patient education when managing these infections. Chapter 14, “Bacterial Infections of the Skin” This chapter begins by examining causes of bacterial infections. It then explores the importance of selecting an appropriate agent
  • 4. for treating bacterial infections. Chapter 32, “Urinary Tract Infection” This chapter covers drugs used to treat urinary tract infections. It also identifies special considerations when treating geriatric patients, pediatric patients, and women. Chapter 35, “Sexually Transmitted Infections” This chapter outlines the causes, pathophysiology, and drug treatment of six sexually transmitted infections, including gonorrhea, syphilis, and human papilloma virus infection (HPV). It also examines the importance of selecting the proper agent and monitoring patient response to treatment. Chapter 48, “Human Immunodeficiency Virus” This chapter presents the causes, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and prevention methods for HIV. It also covers various methods of drug treatment and patient factors to consider when selecting, administering, and managing drug treatments. Yi, H., Shidlo, A., & Sandfort, T. (2011). Assessing maladaptive responses to the stress of being at risk of HIV infection among HIV-negative gay men in New York City. Journal of Sex Research , 48 (1), 62–73. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This study assesses behaviors and attitudes toward HIV based on knowledge about infection and advances in medical treatment. It also examines the impact of maladaptive responses to the stress of HIV risk. Scourfield, A., Waters, L., & Nelson, M. (2011). Drug combinations for HIV: What's new? Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy , 9 (11), 1001–1011. Retrieved from http://www.expert-reviews.com/doi/abs/10.1586/eri.11.125 This article examines current therapies and strategies for
  • 5. treating HIV patients. It also examines factors that impact the selection of therapy, including drug interactions, personalization of therapy, costs, management of comorbidities, and patient response. Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from www.drugs.com This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs, including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker. Media Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012b). Antimicrobials . Baltimore, MD: Author. This media presentation outlines principles of antimicrobial therapy. Optional Resources Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http://www.cdc.gov Haymarket Media, Inc. (2012). Monthly prescribing reference [Online database]. Retrieved from http://www.empr.com/ Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/ Medscape. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/