To learn more, visit Landscapes for People, Food and Nature blog post, titled "Studying Success: Integrated Landscape Initiatives in Latin America." Article in English and Spanish http://bit.ly/198NZev

1. Integrated Landscape Initiatives for agriculture,
rural livelihoods and ecosystem conservation:
An assessment of experience from Latin America and
the Caribbean
Natalia Estrada-Carmona & Abigail Hart
October 2013

2. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Methodology (Tier 1)
1. Database of candidate ILIs established through partner
networks, interviews, and Internet searches
2. Candidates screened to select those that met the ILI definition
3. Survey of one respondent per ILI to collect information on:
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•
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Landscape characteristics
Dates, scale, and motivations of the ILI
ILI investments, activities, and coordinating mechanisms
Stakeholder and sectoral participation
Outcomes, most and least successful aspects
4. Screening of survey responses
5. Tier 1 data analysis and interpretation
2

3. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Methodology (Tier 2)
1. Selection of sub-sample for interviews
2. Semi-structured interviews with 3-5 leaders/key stakeholders per
landscape
• Political, social and economic context
• Institutional arrangements, modes of stakeholder participation
• Effectiveness in achieving objectives
• Key lessons learned
3. Tier 2 data analysis and interpretation
• Analytical framework
3

4. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
4
Geographic distribution of surveyed ILIs
Complete
documentation
from 104
landscape
initiatives in 21
countries
Click here for an
online version

5. 5
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
What challenges and issues are motivating ILIs?
Chiquitano Model Forest, Bolivia

6. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
What types of organizations are involved?
Serraniagua in El Cairo, Colombia
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7. 7
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Investments and outcomes in agriculture
Investments
Outcomes
Proyecto Tacaná, Guatemala

8. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Factors associated with high outcome initiatives
● More objectives/motivations
● Initiative formed after previous project (prior experience)
● More years of experience, more stakeholder groups
8

9. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Most successful aspects of the initiatives
● Increased capacity for understanding and implementing ILM
● Improvements in NRM
● New protected areas,
● Improved forestry / agroforestry management
● Protection of threatened species
● Strong farmer engagement
● Empowerment of local leaders
● Ability of communities to self-organize
9

10. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Least successful aspects of the initiatives
● Lack of sufficient and sustainable sources of funding
● Policies and laws that hinder integrated landscape
management
● Key stakeholders, mainly specific government and private
sector entities, were missing from planning and coordination
processes
10

11. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
11
Geographic distribution of interviewed ILIs
Interviewed
75 landscape
stakeholders
in 23 ILIs
located in
13 countries
Click here for an
online version

12. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
ILI characterization
•Diverse landscape sizes (10 to 550,000 km2 approx.) and
population sizes (400 to 535,000 hbts approx.)
•Mosaic landscapes with diverse economies: agriculture
(subsistence/export), forestry and/or tourism
•Extractive industries were an important part of the economy
in about half of the cases.
•Diverse tenure arrangements: land owned and managed by
individual private owners (all ILIs); public or state lands (21
ILIs), communal lands (15 ILIs), private land owned by large
companies (7 ILIs).
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13. 13
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Analytical framework: Landscape Identity
Conflicts
Methodological support
Policy: Recognition of mosaic
landscapes for conservation
strategies
Broadcast
Organizations - Stakeholders
Funds: Start up
Leaders
Information
Social conditions
Population density
Create landscape
identity
accepted by
stakeholders
Landscape size
Stakeholder interest
(communities, private
sector, government)

14. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Analytical framework: ILIs Institutions
Initiative leader
Committee management
Funds: Operational
Establish /
strengthen
institutions lead
landscape
management
Policy (Social organizations promotion / law enforcement
/ sectors articulation, land tenure rights)
Methodological support
Base line / Information
Participation incentives
Social conditions
Stakeholder interest
(communities, private
sector, government)
Population density
Landscape size
14

15. 15
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Analytical framework: ILIs actions
Human capital
Stakeholder interest
(communities, private
sector, government)
Landscape size
Population density
Implement
actions to
improve
landscape
management
Funds: Implementation
Technology
Methodological support
Social conditions
Policy (Compensation for conservationsustainable production / law
enforcement, sectors articulation, land tenure
rights)

16. 16
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Analytical framework: ILIs results
Stakeholder interest
(communities, private
sector, government)
Landscape size
Population density
Social conditions
Funds: Consolidation
Deliver results at
landscape scale
External pressures
Technology
Mistakes
Broadcast
Initial conditions
Policy (Legal recognition initiative management
plan, incidence)

17. 17
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
ILIs life cycle
Top- down landscape
initiatives
Technology
Methodological support
Implement
actions to
improve
landscape
management
Establish /
strengthen
institutions
lead landscape
management
Funds: Operational
Base line / Information
Methodological support
Participation incentives
Organizations - Stakeholders
Broadcast
Top- down landscape initiatives
Conflicts
Funds: Implementation
Policy (Compensation for
conservation- sustainable
production / law
enforcement, sectors
articulation, land tenure rights)
Funds: Consolidation
External pressures
Technology
Mistakes
Committee management
Initiative leader
Top- down landscape
initiatives
Human capital
Social conditions
Population density
Landscape size
Stakeholder interest
(communities, private
sector, government)
Deliver results
at landscape
scale
Monitoring
Broadcast
Initial conditions
Policy (Legal recognition initiative
management plan, incidence)
Policy: Recognition of mosaic
landscapes for conservation
strategies
Create
landscape
identity
accepted by
stakeholders
Methodological
support
Funds: Start up
Information
Leaders
Bottom-up landscape
initiatives

18. 18
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Interesting ILIs
Implement
actions to
improve
landscape
management
Funding
Funds: Implementation
Funds: Consolidation
Governance
Private sector
engagement
Long term
experiences
Committee management
Initiative leader
Establish /
strengthen
institutions
lead landscape
management
Funds: Operational
Social conditions
Population density
Landscape size
Stakeholder interest
(communities, private
sector, government)
Create
landscape
identity
accepted by
stakeholders
Deliver results
at landscape
scale
Funds: Start up

19. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Interesting ILIs: Funding / financing mechanism
3. ASPROINCA
(Colombia)
8. Tatamá
(Colombia)
21. Routes of the
South
(Venezuela)
15. Mosaico Sertao
Veredas-Peruaçu
(Brasil)
1. Alliance for the
grasslands
(Argentina)
11. Monte Pascoal –
Pau Biological
corridor
(Brasil)
22. Scolel Té
(Mexico)
20. Río Plátano
Biosphere reserve
(Honduras)
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20. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Interesting ILIs: Governance models
18. Tacaná
(Guatemala)
5. Alto de Malleco
Model Forest
Malleco
(Chile)
6. Chiquitano Model
Forest
(Bolivia)
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2. State
environmental
protection area "do
Banhado Grande”
(Brasil)

21. Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Interesting ILIs: Strong private sector engagement
4. Watershed
management
Ribeirão do Boi
(Brasil)
18. Tacaná
(Guatemala)
16. Jujuy Model
Forest
(Argentina)
9. San Juan la Selva
Biological Corridor
(Costa Rica)
19. Buenavista
Biosphere Reserve
(Cuba)
1. Alliance for the
grasslands
(Argentina)
20
...

22. 20
Integrated Landscape Initiatives in LAC
Interesting ILIs: Long term experiences
From spp conservation
to landscape mgmt.
From poverty reduction to
watershed and landscape
mgmt/vulnerability
reduction
From conservation to
watershed and landscape
mgmt/vulnerability
reduction
9. San Juan la Selva
Biological Corridor
Started 2001
(Costa Rica)
18. Tacaná
Started 2003
(Guatemala)
20. Río Plátano
Biosphere reserve
Started 2000
(Honduras)
1. Alliance for the
grasslands
Started 2005
(Argentina)
Gorda Biosphere
Reserve
Started 2001
(Mexico)

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¡MUCHAS GRACIAS!
Special Thanks to:
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All of the survey respondents for taking time to share their experiences with
integrated landscape management
The 75 integrated landscape management practitioners interviewed for this
study for taking the time to share their experiences and perspectives
Diana Vega and Camila Medeiros provided excellent research assistance
The Ecoagriculture Partners, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and
the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems for funding
this research