2. INTRODUCTION
• The sociology word derived from the Latin word
'Societus' means Society and the Greek word
'logos' means 'science or study'.
• Sociology is the systemic study of social
activities, groups and societies. It is the study of
social behaviour and human groups based on
social relationships; how those relationships
impact or affect people's behavior; and how
societies, the sum total of those relationships
develop and change.
3. INTRODUCTION
In sociology we study about
• Social structure
• Social activity
• Social relationship
• Human behaviour in groups
• Social groups and social system
4. TYPES OF SOCIOLOGY
These are basically of two types:
• Micro sociology
• Macro sociology
1) MICRO SOCIOLOGY:
In micro-sociology there is study of small groups.
It is the branch of sociology that studies small
groups and units within a larger society.
• Example :Young sportsman/Woman
5. TYPES OF SOCIOLOGY
2) Macro sociology :
• In Macro sociology there is study of all
communities. Macrosociology is the branch of
sociology concerned with the study and
analysis of societies in their totality.
• Example:Crime,Functionalism
6. SOCIO CULTURAL FACTORS RELATED
TO HEALTH AND DISEASE
There are various factors that affect our health.
• Education
• Earnings
• Accomodation
• Access to health care
• Family
• Culture
• Nutrition
• Environment
7. IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON
HEALTH AND DISEASE
• Urbanization: Urbanization may be defined as
the state in which society is transformation
from a usually rural to a usually urban public.
It contains two things :
• Increase in the number of people living in
urban accommodations.
• Increase in the percentage of the population
busy in non-agricultural activities, living in
such places.
9. Impact of urbanization on health and
disease:
Impact of urbanization on health and disease:
1) Health inequity
2) Mental health, depression
3) Health hazards of poor water supply and
sanitation
10. POVERTY AND HEALTH
• Poverty may be defined as the lack of basic
necessities of human.
• Poverty is due to lack of resources, material
and non material like: Health care, education,
housing, nutrition, clothing, clean water,
knowledge, culture, income etc.
12. TYPES OF POVERTY
Poverty is mainly of two types:
1) Absolute poverty
2) Relative poverty
1) Absolute poverty: Absolute poverty may be
defined as the situation where family income
is inadequate to buy basic things of life.
For example: Shelter, Clothing, Food, Health
care, Education
13. TYPES OF POVERTY
2) Relative Poverty :According to relative poverty, the
economic conditions of different countries and regions
is compared.
• Relative poverty is defined as economic imbalance in
location or society in which people live.
• Relative poverty is usually in relation to other members
and families in the society.
Example of Relative Poverty:
• A family can be mentioned poor if family cannot afford
vacations, or cannot buy any presents for children at
diwali, holi or any other festivals.
14. CAUSES OF POVERTY
Causes of Poverty:
1) Unemployment
2) Lack of education
3) Large scale import
4) Moral culture
5) Overpopulation
15. EFFECTS OF POVERTY
1) Effects on Society
Homelessness, child labor, stress, crime rate
and violence.
2) Effects on Health
3) Effects on Economy
16. Important Steps to Decrease Poverty
Increase the employment opportunities.
Encouraging self employment plans and strategy.
Fulfill the primary needs of the people like food and
clean drinking water.
Improvement of the subsidy rates on commodities and
(PDS) Public Distribution System should be made.
All facilities of health centers should be provided by the
government.
Free educational facilities like books, bags, dress and
fee etc.
Promoting awareness regarding birth control.
