Ifm intro
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The document discusses several key differences between domestic finance and international finance management. International finance management deals with cross-border transactions and is exposed to foreign exchange risk and political risks. Multinational corporations operating in different economic environments face greater market imperfections and complex financial decisions compared to domestic companies.
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Global trade involves the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders. The top US imports are crude oil, machines, engines, pumps, and consumer electronics, while the top US exports include engineering, financial, computing, legal and insurance services, as well as entertainment. Global trade benefits companies through new customer insights, alternative distribution strategies, and advance notice of new products. However, international marketing can be complicated by factors such as currency exchange rates, language and cultural differences. The internet has helped both large and small companies connect globally and helped developing nations compete.
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Discuss the difference between international finance and domestic finance. Explain the most traded currencies in the world and the reason of their popularity
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Globalization has both pros and cons. While it creates a worldwide market that benefits companies and developing countries, it also results in jobs being outsourced from developed countries. Globalization involves the increasing integration of economies and societies around the world through trade and financial flows. This impacts media through expanded markets, cheaper resources from places like China, and international development as seen in India's technology sector.
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This document discusses six key factors that affect international trade:
1) Differences in factor proportions between countries in terms of labor, capital, and land endowments. For example, India has large labor supply while the US and Australia have more capital and land, respectively.
2) Variations in technology use between developing and developed countries, with developing countries currently importing more capital goods.
3) Differences in demand for goods between countries can impact trade even if production costs are the same.
4) Transportation costs influence what countries trade with each other based on proximity of markets. Improved infrastructure has lowered trade costs over time.
5) Product differentiation allows countries to export unique goods and services.
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Mexico
Mexico has a predominantly Roman Catholic population that speaks Spanish and indigenous languages. The country's culture is reflected in foods like tacos, enchiladas, and burritos and traditions like bullfighting. Mexico has qualified for many FIFA World Cups and hosts the tournament periodically. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) established free trade between Mexico, the United States, and Canada. Mexico has comparative advantages in industries like automobiles and agriculture due to low labor costs and has attracted foreign investment from companies like Volkswagen and General Motors. However, corruption remains an issue, particularly in the judicial system and obtaining licenses.
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Global Trade and Marketing
Global trade involves the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders. The top US imports are crude oil, machines, engines, pumps, and consumer electronics, while the top US exports include engineering, financial, computing, legal and insurance services, as well as entertainment. Global trade benefits companies through new customer insights, alternative distribution strategies, and advance notice of new products. However, international marketing can be complicated by factors such as currency exchange rates, language and cultural differences. The internet has helped both large and small companies connect globally and helped developing nations compete.
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The document discusses principles of international finance. It begins by defining international financial management and explaining why it is important in today's globalized world. It then outlines three major dimensions that distinguish international finance from domestic finance: 1) foreign exchange and political risk, 2) market imperfections, and 3) expanded opportunities. The goals of international financial management are also discussed as maximizing shareholder wealth. Recent trends in globalization, like integrated financial markets and the creation of the euro, are also summarized.
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Discuss the difference between international finance and domestic finance. Explain the most traded currencies in the world and the reason of their popularity
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Globalization has both pros and cons. While it creates a worldwide market that benefits companies and developing countries, it also results in jobs being outsourced from developed countries. Globalization involves the increasing integration of economies and societies around the world through trade and financial flows. This impacts media through expanded markets, cheaper resources from places like China, and international development as seen in India's technology sector.
Factors affecting international trade
This document discusses six key factors that affect international trade:
1) Differences in factor proportions between countries in terms of labor, capital, and land endowments. For example, India has large labor supply while the US and Australia have more capital and land, respectively.
2) Variations in technology use between developing and developed countries, with developing countries currently importing more capital goods.
3) Differences in demand for goods between countries can impact trade even if production costs are the same.
4) Transportation costs influence what countries trade with each other based on proximity of markets. Improved infrastructure has lowered trade costs over time.
5) Product differentiation allows countries to export unique goods and services.
6
Mexico
Mexico has a predominantly Roman Catholic population that speaks Spanish and indigenous languages. The country's culture is reflected in foods like tacos, enchiladas, and burritos and traditions like bullfighting. Mexico has qualified for many FIFA World Cups and hosts the tournament periodically. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) established free trade between Mexico, the United States, and Canada. Mexico has comparative advantages in industries like automobiles and agriculture due to low labor costs and has attracted foreign investment from companies like Volkswagen and General Motors. However, corruption remains an issue, particularly in the judicial system and obtaining licenses.
Ifm intro copy
This document discusses the key differences between domestic finance and international finance. Domestic finance deals with financial transactions within one country and is not exposed to foreign exchange or political risks, while international finance involves cross-border transactions and is exposed to those additional risks. International finance also operates across varied economic, political, cultural, and tax environments. It has a wider scope and availability of investment portfolios compared to domestic finance.
Ifm intro
This document discusses the key differences between domestic finance and international finance. Domestic finance deals with financial transactions within one country and is not exposed to foreign exchange or political risks, while international finance involves cross-border transactions and is exposed to those additional risks. International finance also operates across varied economic, political, cultural, and tax environments. It has a wider scope and availability of investment portfolios compared to domestic finance.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in international business. It discusses why nations trade, focusing on comparative advantage and how trading expands markets and production efficiency. It also summarizes how international trade is measured using balance of trade and payments. Major barriers to global business are identified as social/cultural differences, economic infrastructure variations, and legal/political instability across countries. International organizations help reduce trade barriers by linking exchange rates and guarding against protectionism.
Ifm challenges
This document discusses the challenges faced by international financial managers. It outlines the complex global financial system environment they must navigate, including fluctuating foreign exchange rates, varying interest rates between countries, and differing political and cultural factors. International financial managers must identify key economic variables affecting their firm, devise strategies to adapt to changes in these variables, learn from past mistakes, and seize new opportunities presented by the market in order to succeed amidst these challenges. A strong understanding of different country's microeconomic environments, cultures, and levels of technology and infrastructure is crucial.
International economics notes
1. The document provides an overview of international trade and economics, including definitions of internal and international trade, theories of international trade such as comparative cost theory and opportunity cost theory, and features of international transactions.
2. International trade is defined as the exchange of goods and services across borders, and is impacted by factors like transportation, globalization, and multinational corporations. Key differences between internal and international trade include barriers to trade between countries and differences in economic environments and currencies between nations.
3. Theories of international trade discussed include comparative cost theory, opportunity cost theory, and Heckscher-Ohlin theory. Features of international transactions that distinguish them from domestic trade include immobility of factors of production between countries
International finance
Educaterer India is an unique combination of passion driven into a hobby which makes an awesome profession. We carve the lives of enthusiastic candidates to a perfect professional who can impress upon the mindsets of the industry, while following the established traditions, can dare to set new standards to follow. We don't want you to be the part of the crowd, rather we like to make you the reason of the crowd.
Today's Effort For A Better Tomorrow
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This document defines international business as commercial transactions between two or more countries, including sales, investments, and transportation. It notes that international business occurs at both the micro and macro levels and involves individuals, organizations, and governments. The document outlines the scope of international business as national, international, multinational, and global. It also discusses trends in international trade liberalization and the opportunities and challenges of conducting business across borders, such as differing currencies, policies, cultures, and distances.
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3. Deal cancellation gives you an hour to cancel a losing trade for a small fee to get your full stake back.
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The document discusses key concepts in international marketing, including:
1. Using the SLEPT framework to analyze social, legal, economic, political, and technological factors in foreign markets.
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International marketing is not as easy as domestic marketing. International marketing environment poses a number of uncertainties and problems. As against, national markets, international markets are more dynamics, uncertain, and challenging.
Especially, cultural diversities and political realities in several nations create a plenty of barriers that need special attention. In the same way, geographical constraints cannot be totally undermined. Widespread terrorism has created a new threat to international trade.
Though the world is advancing in terms of information technology, innovative and superior methods of organizing marketing efforts (like horizontal organisation, network organisation, virtual organisation), global efforts for smooth international trades, and so forth, yet international marketing is not that much easy to pursue, it has become a challenge to accept.
1. Tariff Barriers:
Tariff barriers indicate taxes and duties imposed on imports. Marketers of guest countries find it difficult to earn adequate profits while selling products in the host countries. Sometimes, to prevent foreign products and/or promote domestic products, strategically tariff policies are formulated that restricts international marketing activities. Frequent change in tariff rates and variable tariff rates for various categories of products create uncertainty for traders to trade internationally. Antidumping duties levied on imports and defensive strategies create difficulty for exporters.
2. Administrative Policies:
Bureaucratic rules or administrative procedures – both in guest countries and host countries – make international (export and/or import) marketing harder. Some countries have too lengthy formalities that exporters and importers have to clear. Unjust dealings to get the formalities/ matters cleared create many problems to some international players. International marketers have to accustom with legal formalities of several courtiers where they wants to operate.
3. Considerable Diversities:
Different countries have their own unique civilization and culture. They pose special problems for international marketers. Global customers exhibit considerable cultural and social diversities in term of needs, preferences, habits, languages, expectations, buying capacities, buying and consumption patterns, and so forth. Social and personal characteristics of customers of different nationalities are real challenges to understand and incorporate. Compared to local and domestic markets, it is more difficult to understand behaviour of customers of other countries.
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1. International business involves commercial transactions between private companies and governments across political boundaries for profit and political reasons.
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Hardware enhanced association rule mining
1. The document describes a proposed system called HAPPI (HAsh-based and PiPelIned) architecture for hardware-enhanced association rule mining. HAPPI aims to solve performance bottlenecks in existing Apriori-based hardware schemes by reducing the frequency of loading the database into hardware.
2. HAPPI includes three hardware modules - a systolic array to compare candidate itemsets with database items, a trimming filter to eliminate infrequent items, and a hash table to filter unnecessary candidate itemsets.
3. The proposed HAPPI system is intended to address limitations of existing Apriori-based approaches that involve repeatedly loading large candidate itemsets and databases into hardware.
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Ifm intro copy
This document discusses the key differences between domestic finance and international finance. Domestic finance deals with financial transactions within one country and is not exposed to foreign exchange or political risks, while international finance involves cross-border transactions and is exposed to those additional risks. International finance also operates across varied economic, political, cultural, and tax environments. It has a wider scope and availability of investment portfolios compared to domestic finance.
Ifm intro
This document discusses the key differences between domestic finance and international finance. Domestic finance deals with financial transactions within one country and is not exposed to foreign exchange or political risks, while international finance involves cross-border transactions and is exposed to those additional risks. International finance also operates across varied economic, political, cultural, and tax environments. It has a wider scope and availability of investment portfolios compared to domestic finance.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in international business. It discusses why nations trade, focusing on comparative advantage and how trading expands markets and production efficiency. It also summarizes how international trade is measured using balance of trade and payments. Major barriers to global business are identified as social/cultural differences, economic infrastructure variations, and legal/political instability across countries. International organizations help reduce trade barriers by linking exchange rates and guarding against protectionism.
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This document discusses the challenges faced by international financial managers. It outlines the complex global financial system environment they must navigate, including fluctuating foreign exchange rates, varying interest rates between countries, and differing political and cultural factors. International financial managers must identify key economic variables affecting their firm, devise strategies to adapt to changes in these variables, learn from past mistakes, and seize new opportunities presented by the market in order to succeed amidst these challenges. A strong understanding of different country's microeconomic environments, cultures, and levels of technology and infrastructure is crucial.
International economics notes
1. The document provides an overview of international trade and economics, including definitions of internal and international trade, theories of international trade such as comparative cost theory and opportunity cost theory, and features of international transactions.
2. International trade is defined as the exchange of goods and services across borders, and is impacted by factors like transportation, globalization, and multinational corporations. Key differences between internal and international trade include barriers to trade between countries and differences in economic environments and currencies between nations.
3. Theories of international trade discussed include comparative cost theory, opportunity cost theory, and Heckscher-Ohlin theory. Features of international transactions that distinguish them from domestic trade include immobility of factors of production between countries
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Educaterer India is an unique combination of passion driven into a hobby which makes an awesome profession. We carve the lives of enthusiastic candidates to a perfect professional who can impress upon the mindsets of the industry, while following the established traditions, can dare to set new standards to follow. We don't want you to be the part of the crowd, rather we like to make you the reason of the crowd.
Today's Effort For A Better Tomorrow
Global foreign exchange 1
The foreign exchange market allows for the trading of global currencies. It is decentralized and operates 24/7 globally via banks and other financial institutions. The US dollar, euro, Japanese yen and British pound are among the most heavily traded currencies, with over $5 trillion exchanged daily worldwide as of 2013. Factors like interest rates, inflation, economic conditions, and political situations can influence exchange rates. Participants in the forex market include banks, brokers, central banks, corporations and retail investors.
Concept of international business
This document defines international business as commercial transactions between two or more countries, including sales, investments, and transportation. It notes that international business occurs at both the micro and macro levels and involves individuals, organizations, and governments. The document outlines the scope of international business as national, international, multinational, and global. It also discusses trends in international trade liberalization and the opportunities and challenges of conducting business across borders, such as differing currencies, policies, cultures, and distances.
Introduction to International Business
This document discusses reasons for and benefits of international business from individual and government perspectives, including managing product lifecycles, geographic expansion, trade theories, corporate ambition, and earning foreign exchange. Key benefits are new markets, access to resources, economic efficiency, and employment. Risks and challenges are also outlined, such as high initial costs, strict trade laws, quality issues, political and legal risks, cultural differences, foreign politics, exchange rate fluctuations, and environmental factors. Overall, the document provides an introduction to international business by outlining motivations, advantages, and issues to consider.
ch01_intro.pptx
This document provides an overview and introduction to the key concepts in multinational finance. It discusses the goals of multinational corporations in maximizing revenues for various stakeholders while managing risks. Multinational operations provide both opportunities through access to new markets and investment opportunities, as well as challenges from country risks and cultural differences. Effective financial management of multinational corporations requires understanding international financial markets, foreign exchange, cross-border differences, and managing risks across multiple countries and currencies.
Introduction to International Business
International business; competitive advantages; evolution; nature of international business; reasons and stages of internationalisation; approaches and theories of international business; comparative cost advantage and problems of international business.
International Economics-Introduction
Internal and International Trade, Classical theories of International Trade, Reciprocal Demand Theory, Modern Theory (H-O Theory).
Topic-4 (PDF).pdf
The document discusses key aspects of international business environments and economic systems. It covers foreign exchange markets and currency regimes throughout history from the gold standard to modern floating rates. It also examines the growth of international financial markets and instruments. Additionally, it outlines major types of economic systems from centrally planned to market economies, and factors important for market economy success. Key questions for international businesses to consider regarding different country's economic environments and systems are also presented.
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1. Digital options and multipliers allow forex trading with limited risk, as you know the maximum loss upfront and can never lose more than your stake.
2. Multipliers let you multiply potential profits up to 1,000x without increasing your risk.
3. Deal cancellation gives you an hour to cancel a losing trade for a small fee to get your full stake back.
Evaluating The Merits And Demerits Of Fixed And Floating...
This document discusses fixed and floating exchange rate regimes. It provides examples of the 2008 US financial crisis to illustrate how the US benefited from a floating exchange rate, and the 1929 stock market crash to show how the US economy suffered from excessive speculation under a floating rate. Similarly, it discusses dangers of speculation during the 1929 crash and Argentina's 2001 emerging market crisis to analyze fixed exchange rates. In general, floating rates provide more adaptability but can lead to instability and speculation, while fixed rates offer stability but reduce independence.
International marketing
The document discusses key concepts in international marketing, including:
1. Using the SLEPT framework to analyze social, legal, economic, political, and technological factors in foreign markets.
2. The differences between domestic, export, international, and global marketing approaches.
3. Understanding how uncontrollable external factors and controllable marketing variables differ significantly across international markets.
Top 10 Problems Faced by International MarketingInternational ma.docx
Top 10 Problems Faced by International Marketing
International marketing is not as easy as domestic marketing. International marketing environment poses a number of uncertainties and problems. As against, national markets, international markets are more dynamics, uncertain, and challenging.
Especially, cultural diversities and political realities in several nations create a plenty of barriers that need special attention. In the same way, geographical constraints cannot be totally undermined. Widespread terrorism has created a new threat to international trade.
Though the world is advancing in terms of information technology, innovative and superior methods of organizing marketing efforts (like horizontal organisation, network organisation, virtual organisation), global efforts for smooth international trades, and so forth, yet international marketing is not that much easy to pursue, it has become a challenge to accept.
1. Tariff Barriers:
Tariff barriers indicate taxes and duties imposed on imports. Marketers of guest countries find it difficult to earn adequate profits while selling products in the host countries. Sometimes, to prevent foreign products and/or promote domestic products, strategically tariff policies are formulated that restricts international marketing activities. Frequent change in tariff rates and variable tariff rates for various categories of products create uncertainty for traders to trade internationally. Antidumping duties levied on imports and defensive strategies create difficulty for exporters.
2. Administrative Policies:
Bureaucratic rules or administrative procedures – both in guest countries and host countries – make international (export and/or import) marketing harder. Some countries have too lengthy formalities that exporters and importers have to clear. Unjust dealings to get the formalities/ matters cleared create many problems to some international players. International marketers have to accustom with legal formalities of several courtiers where they wants to operate.
3. Considerable Diversities:
Different countries have their own unique civilization and culture. They pose special problems for international marketers. Global customers exhibit considerable cultural and social diversities in term of needs, preferences, habits, languages, expectations, buying capacities, buying and consumption patterns, and so forth. Social and personal characteristics of customers of different nationalities are real challenges to understand and incorporate. Compared to local and domestic markets, it is more difficult to understand behaviour of customers of other countries.
In the same way, as against domestic markets, to design and modify marketing mix over time for international markets seem more difficult. Market segmentation, product design, pricing, and distribution need more information and efforts. Promoting products in international markets is a formidable task. Message preparation and execution in suitable media in ...
IFT-FOREIGN EXCHANGE
This document discusses foreign exchange exposure and risk management. It covers key topics like foreign exchange markets and participants, exchange rate determination and theories, types of foreign exchange exposure including transaction, translation and economic exposure, and techniques for managing exposure such as derivatives, hedging, and asset-liability management. The goal is for students to understand how to protect organizations from risks in international financial transactions and effectively manage foreign exchange exposure.
International Trade and Policy- Introduction by Neeraj Bhandari (Surkhet Nepal)
This document provides an overview of an international trade and policy course. The 6-unit course covers topics like international trade theories, economic growth and trade, trade policies, and economic integration. It lists two textbooks for the course. It then discusses what international trade is, its importance for firms and nations, and how it has grown. It covers reasons firms engage in trade like expanding markets and lowering costs. It also discusses modes of international business operations and how economic events in one country can impact others due to increased interdependence. Finally, it lists some international economic problems faced by different countries.
International business
The document discusses several key aspects of international business:
1. International business involves commercial transactions between private companies and governments across political boundaries for profit and political reasons.
2. It refers to all business activities that involve cross-border trade of goods, services, and economic resources between nations.
3. Studying international business is important for understanding how to conduct business globally and make informed career and policy decisions.
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The document discusses Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's model of cross-cultural value orientations, which identifies six basic dimensions that cultures vary along: relationship to nature, time orientation, activity orientation, relationships among people, human nature, and space/property. These dimensions influence a culture's values regarding important issues like work, family, and social relations. While insightful, Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's framework has weaknesses like being vague, difficult to measure, and not directly addressing business and management concerns.
Uk intellectual model
This document outlines a model mediation procedure and agreement for intellectual property disputes in the UK. It provides guidance for conducting a mediation, including procedures for exchanging information, conducting the mediation, reaching and formalizing any settlement agreement, ensuring confidentiality, and allocating costs. Key aspects include having representatives with full authority to settle, preparing concise case summaries and documents to share, maintaining confidentiality of mediation discussions, and jointly sharing mediation fees and expenses.
Trompenaars cultural dimensions
Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner identified seven cultural dimensions along which cultures can be classified based on their research on business executives. These seven dimensions are universalism versus particularism, communitarianism versus individualism, neutral versus emotional, diffuse versus specific cultures, achievement versus ascription, human-time relationship, and human-nature relationship. Their 1997 book "Riding The Waves of Culture" explores these seven value orientations between cultures.
The building of the toyota car factory
Toyota built a new car factory in Burnaston, UK, creating over 3000 jobs. Burnaston was chosen as the site because it was a large, flat, greenfield site next to major roads with access to suppliers and a local workforce. The new factory had positive economic effects, including jobs, increased spending, and supplier companies moving to the area. However, it also increased traffic and destroyed greenfield land. While most benefits were local, there was a potential downside if it reduced sales or jobs elsewhere.
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The document discusses the international legal environment of business. It covers topics such as international law and agreements, business structures abroad, and dispute resolution. It also examines the international business environment, risks of international transactions, and origins and sources of international law. International business involves entities from multiple countries and issues around trade, capital, personnel across borders under different legal systems and government policies.
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India's textile industry is one of the largest in the world, contributing 14% to industrial production and employing over 35 million people. It is the largest provider of employment after agriculture and earns 27% of India's total foreign exchange through textile exports. The industry has grown significantly since economic liberalization in 1991 and includes cotton, silk, wool, readymade garments, and hand-crafted textiles segments. It faces competition from countries like China but also has opportunities for growth in the domestic market and through trade agreements. The government is taking initiatives to support the industry through skills training programs and new textile parks.
Sales
This document discusses key concepts related to documentary sales and international transactions. It defines key terms like documentary sale, negotiability, bills of lading, and documentary draft. It explains the stages of a documentary transaction and how the risks are allocated between buyers and sellers under different trade terms like CIF. The document also summarizes several cases that illustrate how these concepts are applied, such as who is responsible if goods are stolen during transport depending on whether it is an FOB or CIF contract.
Roles of strategic leaders
This document discusses various leadership roles and responsibilities. It begins by listing numerous roles of strategic leaders such as visionary, builder, acquirer, implementer, integrator, and motivator. It then provides more details on the roles of staying informed, promoting culture, adapting to change, exercising ethics, and making corrections. The document also discusses developing new capabilities through senior management intervention and cooperation. It outlines actions demonstrating social responsibility like family policies and community involvement. Finally, it discusses leading corrective adjustments through both reactive and proactive changes to strategy and alignment of activities.
Role of ecgc
The document provides information on various credit insurance products offered by ECGC (Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India) to exporters and banks. It describes short-term and medium/long-term export credit insurance that protects against payment risks and lending risks. It also outlines domestic credit insurance, overseas investment insurance, and exchange fluctuation covers. Statistics on ECGC's growth over time and profiles of specific insurance policies are included.
Resolution of intl commr disputes
This document discusses various methods for resolving international commercial and business disputes. It notes that international litigation can be complicated by differences in judicial systems and challenges enforcing judgments across borders. The International Court of Justice allows disputes between nations but not individuals. Arbitration and mediation provide alternatives where a neutral third party decides the outcome (arbitration) or makes non-binding suggestions to reach a settlement (mediation). Other options include negotiation, expert determination, and utilizing dispute resolution processes under international treaties like the World Trade Organization. Overall, the best approach is to prevent disputes through risk management and carefully drafting contracts.
Presentation on india's ftp
This document provides an overview of India's foreign trade policy for 2009-2014. It discusses India's growing exports and trade share in recent years. It then outlines the economic crisis and declining exports. The policy aims to arrest this decline and achieve annual export growth targets. It describes various components of the policy including import/export controls, duty exemption schemes, and promotional measures. Stimulus measures by the government and RBI to boost exports are also summarized.
Players in ib
This document discusses various types of multinational enterprises (MNEs) and their international operations. It defines MNEs as firms that engage in foreign direct investment and own or control value-adding activities in more than one country. The document also discusses measures of internationalization like the transnationality index. Finally, it covers topics like developing country MNEs, small and medium enterprises, and "born global" firms that seek international operations from the start.
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Ifm intro
- 2. www.StudsPlanet.com 1.Varied economic systems. 2.Tariff and non-tariff barriers. 3.Political risks. 4.Environmental safeguards. 5.Dumping. 6.Cultural differnces.
- 3. 7.Languages differences 8.Intellectual property rights. 9.Cyber crimes. 10.Transfer pricing. 11.International taxation. 12.Economic and currency crisis. 13.Interest Rates. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 4. 14.Foreign exchange Risk. 15.Cold War. 16.International Business cycle. 17.Operational Risks. 18.Global Terrorism. 19.International cash management. 20.Credit worthiness. 21.Methods of payment. 22.Foreign exchange markets. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 5. DOMESTIC FINANCE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE It is not exposed to foreign exchange risk and political risks . It is subject to market imperfections of one country. International finance is related to cross border transactions and exposed to foreign exchange and political risks. It is very much subject to market imperfections because MNC ‘s should operate in different economies. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 6. DOMESTIC FINANCE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE The availability of portfolio for investment is limited. It has no scope for access to global markets. It is limited in scope. The availability of portfolios for investment is wide and large across the nations in the world. The MNC’s venture into the arena of global markets and thereby benefit from an expanded business. It has wider scope. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 7. Money acts as a medium of exchange both in domestic and international markets as well. FE market is a market for converting the currency of one country in to that of another. Without FE market, the international trade and investment on the scale that we see today would be impossible and countries would have to resort for barter. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 8. 1. Exchange rate risk and its management 2. Foreign exchange market 3. Exchange rate determination and forecasting 4. MNC`s investment decision 5. International working capital management 6. International accounting and taxation 7. International financing decision 8. Macro economic analysis- b/p & external debt www.StudsPlanet.com
- 9. Domestic FM is concerned with raising and utilizing of funds for projects with positive NPV. The company wants to minimize the cost of capital and maximize the ROI MNC operates in different economic, political, cultural, and tax environments. They operate in various product factor markets They trade in large number of currencies other than home currency- assets-liabilities-receivables and payables in different currencies. They have easy access to domestic and international capital markets and access to different markets and instruments They are exposed to foreign exchange and political risks in addition to interest rate and credit risks. Investments can be made in different markets, instruments etc. and has wider choices. So financial decisions are more complex than a purely domestic company. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 11. DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MGT INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MGT Single currency Financial instruments use is limited. Unique economic and legal systems. Single language or few Multiple Large number of futures,interest rates,swaps etc Different economic and legal systems. Language differences are the core of the difficulties. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 12. DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MGT INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MGT Limited cultures and subcultures. Country specific accounting standards and GAAP principles. Risks are related to domestic country. Multicultural ,different values, ethics and code of conduct. Different accounting standards and GAAP principles in different countries . Multiple risks such as interest rate risks,currency risk,political risks etc. www.StudsPlanet.com
- 14. www.StudsPlanet.com 1.Transfer funds from one nation currency to another. 2.Transfer of purchasing power is necessary. 3.Import of food items,petroleum products,technology,life saving drugs from foreign countries. 4.For availing services like education,tourism,healthcare,insurance,banking,hospit ality,telecommunication,entertainment.