4. Hierarchy
This Table of Contents
from the rule book of a
board game shows
hierarchy. The main
topics are bolded and
capitalized, whereas
the supporting topics
are indented and
lowercased.
5. Closure
This graphic
demonstrates the
element of closure.
The graphic designer
did not need to draw a
complete person to
communicate the
action. Our knowledge
tells us that the hand
is representing a
person.
6. Contiguity
This game board
incorporates the
element of
contiguity. The board
has strong, straight
pathways through the
middle of the board
that players’ eyes will
follow.
7. Golden Rectangle
These elements from a
Monopoly game board
demonstrate the concept
of the golden
rectangle. The
proportions of these
rectangles create a game
board that is pleasing to
the eye.
8. Similarity
These game cards
are an example of
similarity. Although
the information
may be different,
all of the cards
follow a similar
layout grid and
grouping.
9. Symmetry
This Monopoly board
has a very
symmetrical design,
which gives the board
a balanced, centered
look. For the most part,
the visual elements
have equal weight.
10. Alignment
This answer sheet from
Scattergories
demonstrates good
alignment in its design.
The icons and number
titles are center aligned
over each corresponding
answer list. All of the
numbers are left aligned
within their respective
column.
11. Contrast
This Monopoly money
shows contrasting
elements to help the
player identify the most
important information.
The “50” is in bold
print and stands out
from the rest of the bill
to make it easier for
the player to identify
the value of the bill.
12. Proximity
Proximity is used in
this trivia card to
match the question
with the appropriate
category. Due to the
close distance
between the category
icon and the
corresponding
question, a player can
easily identify which
question to ask.
13. Repetition
These game cards are
great examples of
repetition. The same
font styles and sizes
are used in each card.
Also, the layout of each
card remains the
same.
14. References
O Lohr, L.L. (2008). Creating Graphics for Learning and
Performance: Lessons in Visual Literacy (2nd ed.).
Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Merrill Prentice Hall.
