The document presents information on ideal carrier systems for targeted brain delivery. It discusses how targeted drug delivery can selectively deliver therapeutic agents to the target site while avoiding non-target sites. It then focuses on the challenges of brain delivery and describes various carrier systems that can potentially overcome the blood brain barrier, including microcapsules, microparticles, lipid nanoparticles, and polymer nanoparticles. The ideal properties of carriers are outlined. The conclusion discusses both opportunities and challenges for further development of brain targeted delivery systems using nanotechnology.
The document describes the UK 100,000 Genomes Project, which aims to sequence 100,000 genomes from NHS patients by 2017. It will provide benefits to patients through new treatments and insights, contribute to the UK economy through commercial activity in genomics, and help integrate genomic medicine into clinical practice in the NHS. Genomics England was established to lead the project and work with partners including NHS England, 11 Genomic Medicine Centres, and commercial companies. The project involves genome sequencing, analysis, and returning results to clinicians to inform treatment.
EDITORIAL Molecular imprinting technology is promising for pharmaceutical applications for instance, separation, extraction, quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis, screening, delivery and targeting of medicines or their metabolites.
We can aid decision making from the pre-clinical to the clinical setting, supporting line of sight to the clinic, by identifying and translating crucial biomarker approaches into the real world.
Our first webinar in the MDC Connects Series 2021 | A Guide to Complex Medicines.
This slide deck takes a closer look at the state of play for Complex Medicine and highlights the potential opportunity for the UK.
Prof Peter Simpson, Medicines Discovery Catapult
This document discusses the importance of safety evaluation in the process of drug development. It notes that safety assessment is a fundamental component of the drug development lifecycle from preclinical to all clinical trial stages. The goal of safety evaluation is to characterize a drug's safety profile and establish its risks and benefits in order to obtain regulatory approval. Key aspects of safety evaluation discussed include conducting clinical trials according to good clinical practice guidelines, determining dose-response relationships and adverse effects, monitoring drugs post-marketing through pharmacovigilance, and using novel technologies to better understand drug safety.
jlme article final on NGS coverage n reimb issues w pat deverkaJennifer Dreyfus
The document discusses the challenges of obtaining coverage and reimbursement for clinical next generation sequencing (NGS) from both public and private health payers. It outlines the evidentiary standards payers use to evaluate new diagnostic tests, including requirements for analytic validity, clinical validity, and clinical utility. However, establishing these standards is difficult for NGS given limitations in analytical validation methods, lack of proficiency testing, and the technology's rapid advancement. Additionally, while regulatory approval for market entry requires less evidence than reimbursement decisions, demand for NGS often outpaces evidence development. The document argues more collaboration is needed between developers and payers to strengthen evidence standards and facilitate clinical integration of NGS.
Nanoparticle drug delivery market & clinical pipeline insightRajesh Sarma
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market & Clinical Pipeline Insight” Report Highlights:
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market Overview
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Mechanism
Clinical Pipeline by Phase & Target Indications
Drug Profiles in Report: 190
Majority of Nanoparticle Drug in Preclinical Phase: 70
Marketed Nanoparticle Drugs: 12
Suspended & Discontinued Drug Profiles
This document reviews the toxicity profile of methotrexate (MTX) in patients being treated for rheumatoid arthritis. It discusses several common toxicities associated with MTX including gastrointestinal issues, skin/mucous membrane effects, hematological effects, central nervous system effects, respiratory effects, hepatic toxicity, increased risk of infections, and kidney/reproductive system effects. The review provides details on the frequency and severity of each toxicity based on data from clinical studies. It concludes that while MTX remains a standard treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, physicians must be aware of its potential risks and monitor patients accordingly.
The document describes the UK 100,000 Genomes Project, which aims to sequence 100,000 genomes from NHS patients by 2017. It will provide benefits to patients through new treatments and insights, contribute to the UK economy through commercial activity in genomics, and help integrate genomic medicine into clinical practice in the NHS. Genomics England was established to lead the project and work with partners including NHS England, 11 Genomic Medicine Centres, and commercial companies. The project involves genome sequencing, analysis, and returning results to clinicians to inform treatment.
EDITORIAL Molecular imprinting technology is promising for pharmaceutical applications for instance, separation, extraction, quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis, screening, delivery and targeting of medicines or their metabolites.
We can aid decision making from the pre-clinical to the clinical setting, supporting line of sight to the clinic, by identifying and translating crucial biomarker approaches into the real world.
Our first webinar in the MDC Connects Series 2021 | A Guide to Complex Medicines.
This slide deck takes a closer look at the state of play for Complex Medicine and highlights the potential opportunity for the UK.
Prof Peter Simpson, Medicines Discovery Catapult
This document discusses the importance of safety evaluation in the process of drug development. It notes that safety assessment is a fundamental component of the drug development lifecycle from preclinical to all clinical trial stages. The goal of safety evaluation is to characterize a drug's safety profile and establish its risks and benefits in order to obtain regulatory approval. Key aspects of safety evaluation discussed include conducting clinical trials according to good clinical practice guidelines, determining dose-response relationships and adverse effects, monitoring drugs post-marketing through pharmacovigilance, and using novel technologies to better understand drug safety.
jlme article final on NGS coverage n reimb issues w pat deverkaJennifer Dreyfus
The document discusses the challenges of obtaining coverage and reimbursement for clinical next generation sequencing (NGS) from both public and private health payers. It outlines the evidentiary standards payers use to evaluate new diagnostic tests, including requirements for analytic validity, clinical validity, and clinical utility. However, establishing these standards is difficult for NGS given limitations in analytical validation methods, lack of proficiency testing, and the technology's rapid advancement. Additionally, while regulatory approval for market entry requires less evidence than reimbursement decisions, demand for NGS often outpaces evidence development. The document argues more collaboration is needed between developers and payers to strengthen evidence standards and facilitate clinical integration of NGS.
Nanoparticle drug delivery market & clinical pipeline insightRajesh Sarma
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market & Clinical Pipeline Insight” Report Highlights:
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market Overview
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Mechanism
Clinical Pipeline by Phase & Target Indications
Drug Profiles in Report: 190
Majority of Nanoparticle Drug in Preclinical Phase: 70
Marketed Nanoparticle Drugs: 12
Suspended & Discontinued Drug Profiles
This document reviews the toxicity profile of methotrexate (MTX) in patients being treated for rheumatoid arthritis. It discusses several common toxicities associated with MTX including gastrointestinal issues, skin/mucous membrane effects, hematological effects, central nervous system effects, respiratory effects, hepatic toxicity, increased risk of infections, and kidney/reproductive system effects. The review provides details on the frequency and severity of each toxicity based on data from clinical studies. It concludes that while MTX remains a standard treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, physicians must be aware of its potential risks and monitor patients accordingly.
We have 13 research and development projects within:
• Research
• Oncology
• Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity
• Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease
• Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering
• Pathology
• Biopharmaceutical Development
• Cell Culture and Fermentation Sciences
• Formulation Sciences
• Analytical Biotechnology Science
Bioinformatics role in Pharmaceutical industriesMuzna Kashaf
Bioinformatics plays a key role in the pharmaceutical industry by enabling target identification of diseases, rational drug design, compound refinement, and other processes. It facilitates identifying target diseases and compounds, detecting molecular bases of diseases, designing drugs, refining compounds, and testing drug solubility and effects. Bioinformatics supports various stages of drug development including formulation, crystallization determination, polymer modeling, and testing before human use. Its integration into the pharmaceutical industry supports drug discovery, healthcare advances, and realizing the promises of projects like the Human Genome Project.
Download Nanoparticle drug delivery market & clinical pipeline insightKuicK Research
“Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market & Clinical Pipeline Insight” Report Highlights:
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market Overview
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Mechanism
Clinical Pipeline by Phase & Target Indications
Drug Profiles in Report: 190
Majority of Nanoparticle Drug in Preclinical Phase: 70
Marketed Nanoparticle Drugs: 12
Suspended & Discontinued Drug Profiles
Challenges In Indian Nutraceutical Product Developmentfoodresearch
Nutraceutical product development has numerous benefits but still faces many challenges in India, and the food research lab intends to address these issues.
More info: https://www.foodresearchlab.com/blog/nutraceutical-product/challenges-in-indian-nutraceutical-product-development/
Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computers (or workstations) to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design: 3 This software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of design, improve communications through documentation, and to create a database for manufacturing: 4 Designs made through CAD software are helpful in protecting products and inventions when used in patent applications. CAD output is often in the form of electronic files for print, machining, or other manufacturing operations. The terms computer-aided drafting (CAD) and computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) are also used
Establish Pharmacovigilance Centres in hospital and National Programmes.pptxPiyushZala5
Three key points:
1) Pharmacovigilance centers play an important role in both hospitals and the pharmaceutical industry by monitoring adverse drug reactions and ensuring drug safety.
2) Establishing a pharmacovigilance center requires obtaining approvals, developing reporting forms, educating staff, creating a database to store reports, and networking with other organizations.
3) India has established a national pharmacovigilance program called PvPI coordinated by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission to monitor drug safety, expand reporting nationwide, and collaborate with other health programs.
Hannes Smarason: Progress & Prospects in GenomicsHannes Smárason
The annual American Society of Human Genetics Meeting (ASHG 2016) is an excellent time for the field of genomics to take stock of the past and clarify our perspectives for the future.
Drug Delivery & Formulation Summit 2019Diogo Ribeiro
On 19 & 20 September 2019, Munich (Germany) will host the BioTech Pharma Summit: Drug Delivery & Formulation 2019 conference. This year’s event will bring together leaders and senior industry experts in formulation, delivery and product development. Presentations will assess recent technological innovations and discuss their impact on product improvement and patient experience.
This document provides an overview of pharmacovigilance in India, including:
- The history of pharmacovigilance efforts in India from 1986 to the present.
- The objectives and goals of the current Pharmacovigilance Program of India (PvPI), including establishing a nationwide safety reporting system and expanding electronic reporting.
- The roles and responsibilities of stakeholders like the National Coordinating Center, Advisory Monitoring Centers, and CDSCO in the PvPI.
The document summarizes Bangladesh's 5-year (2011-2016) Medical Biotechnology program undertaken by the country's Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Development Program. The program aims to establish a Center for Medical Biotechnology, develop human resources and institutional capacity for medical biotechnology, and create an R&D environment through research projects and a Center of Excellence. It also seeks to develop standards and regulations for medical biotechnology and increase public awareness. The long-term goals are to attain globally competitive medical biotechnology initiatives and industries by 2030.
Cancer nanomedicine market & pipeline insight 2015KuicK Research
“Cancer Nanomedicine Market & Pipeline Insight 2015” Report Highlight
Nanomedicine for Cancer Therapies
Cancer Nanoparticles Drug Delivery Systems Classification
Mechanism of Cancer Nanomedicine Therapy
Cancer Nanomedicine Clinical Pipeline Overview
Cancer Nanomedicine Clinical Pipeline by Company, Indication & Phase
Cancer Nanomedicine Clinical Pipeline: 79 Drugs
Marketed Cancer Nanomedicine: 8 Drugs
Molecular docking and its importance in drug designdevilpicassa01
The document discusses molecular docking and its importance in drug design. Molecular docking is a method used to predict how two molecules, such as a drug and a protein, fit together and interact with one another. It can be used to find potential inhibitors for target proteins and aid in rational drug design. Using molecular docking can help reduce the time and costs associated with new drug discovery by cutting down the research timeline through computer modeling and simulation. It is a key technique in modern computational biology and drug development.
Bioinformatics plays an important role in drug discovery and development by enabling target identification, rational drug design, compound refinement, and other processes. Key applications of bioinformatics include virtual screening of large compound libraries to identify potential drug leads, homology modeling of protein structures to inform drug design, and similarity searches to find analogs of existing drug molecules. The overall drug development process involves studying the disease, identifying drug targets, designing compounds, testing and refining candidates, and conducting clinical trials. Computational techniques expedite many steps but experimental validation is still needed.
Global peptide vaccine market & pipeline insightKuicK Research
Global Peptide Vaccine Market & Pipeline Insight provides an overview of the global peptide vaccine market and pipeline. Peptide vaccines work by activating the human immune system through mimicking pathogen proteins, inducing long-term immunity without showing direct pharmacological effects. The research and development of peptide vaccines has gained significant momentum in the pharmaceutical industry over the past decade due to their high safety, efficacy, and minimal side effects. The report provides details on the peptide vaccine market size and dynamics, clinical pipeline by phase and indication, and competitive landscape among major industry players. It is expected that next-generation peptide vaccines currently in development will pass regulatory approvals and clinical trials to be commercialized in the near future.
This document discusses how in vivo imaging can be used to understand the distribution of candidate compounds in the body. It provides examples of how various imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET), near infrared imaging, and mass spectrometry imaging can be used to track the accumulation of compounds in organs, penetration into tissues, and ability to cross barriers like the blood brain barrier. The document emphasizes how imaging can accelerate drug development by providing visualization of biological processes and quantifying pharmacokinetics, target engagement, and toxicity.
This 3-day event is the meeting place for international and domestic scientists to share case studies and project updates, showcase new techniques and form collaborations that pave the way towards the future of China’s biopharmaceutical industry.
This document is a summer internship project report submitted by Durgeshnath B Mishra to SIES College of Management Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Post Graduate Diploma in Pharmaceutical Management. The project focuses on analyzing therapy gaps in the oncology division (Neolife) of RPG Life Sciences. It includes a literature review on the Indian pharmaceutical industry and oncology market, methodology used including primary and secondary research, data analysis and interpretation, and recommendations to launch new oncology products to fill identified gaps.
We have 13 research and development projects within:
• Research
• Oncology
• Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity
• Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease
• Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering
• Pathology
• Biopharmaceutical Development
• Cell Culture and Fermentation Sciences
• Formulation Sciences
• Analytical Biotechnology Science
Bioinformatics role in Pharmaceutical industriesMuzna Kashaf
Bioinformatics plays a key role in the pharmaceutical industry by enabling target identification of diseases, rational drug design, compound refinement, and other processes. It facilitates identifying target diseases and compounds, detecting molecular bases of diseases, designing drugs, refining compounds, and testing drug solubility and effects. Bioinformatics supports various stages of drug development including formulation, crystallization determination, polymer modeling, and testing before human use. Its integration into the pharmaceutical industry supports drug discovery, healthcare advances, and realizing the promises of projects like the Human Genome Project.
Download Nanoparticle drug delivery market & clinical pipeline insightKuicK Research
“Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market & Clinical Pipeline Insight” Report Highlights:
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Market Overview
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Mechanism
Clinical Pipeline by Phase & Target Indications
Drug Profiles in Report: 190
Majority of Nanoparticle Drug in Preclinical Phase: 70
Marketed Nanoparticle Drugs: 12
Suspended & Discontinued Drug Profiles
Challenges In Indian Nutraceutical Product Developmentfoodresearch
Nutraceutical product development has numerous benefits but still faces many challenges in India, and the food research lab intends to address these issues.
More info: https://www.foodresearchlab.com/blog/nutraceutical-product/challenges-in-indian-nutraceutical-product-development/
Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computers (or workstations) to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design: 3 This software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of design, improve communications through documentation, and to create a database for manufacturing: 4 Designs made through CAD software are helpful in protecting products and inventions when used in patent applications. CAD output is often in the form of electronic files for print, machining, or other manufacturing operations. The terms computer-aided drafting (CAD) and computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) are also used
Establish Pharmacovigilance Centres in hospital and National Programmes.pptxPiyushZala5
Three key points:
1) Pharmacovigilance centers play an important role in both hospitals and the pharmaceutical industry by monitoring adverse drug reactions and ensuring drug safety.
2) Establishing a pharmacovigilance center requires obtaining approvals, developing reporting forms, educating staff, creating a database to store reports, and networking with other organizations.
3) India has established a national pharmacovigilance program called PvPI coordinated by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission to monitor drug safety, expand reporting nationwide, and collaborate with other health programs.
Hannes Smarason: Progress & Prospects in GenomicsHannes Smárason
The annual American Society of Human Genetics Meeting (ASHG 2016) is an excellent time for the field of genomics to take stock of the past and clarify our perspectives for the future.
Drug Delivery & Formulation Summit 2019Diogo Ribeiro
On 19 & 20 September 2019, Munich (Germany) will host the BioTech Pharma Summit: Drug Delivery & Formulation 2019 conference. This year’s event will bring together leaders and senior industry experts in formulation, delivery and product development. Presentations will assess recent technological innovations and discuss their impact on product improvement and patient experience.
This document provides an overview of pharmacovigilance in India, including:
- The history of pharmacovigilance efforts in India from 1986 to the present.
- The objectives and goals of the current Pharmacovigilance Program of India (PvPI), including establishing a nationwide safety reporting system and expanding electronic reporting.
- The roles and responsibilities of stakeholders like the National Coordinating Center, Advisory Monitoring Centers, and CDSCO in the PvPI.
The document summarizes Bangladesh's 5-year (2011-2016) Medical Biotechnology program undertaken by the country's Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Development Program. The program aims to establish a Center for Medical Biotechnology, develop human resources and institutional capacity for medical biotechnology, and create an R&D environment through research projects and a Center of Excellence. It also seeks to develop standards and regulations for medical biotechnology and increase public awareness. The long-term goals are to attain globally competitive medical biotechnology initiatives and industries by 2030.
Cancer nanomedicine market & pipeline insight 2015KuicK Research
“Cancer Nanomedicine Market & Pipeline Insight 2015” Report Highlight
Nanomedicine for Cancer Therapies
Cancer Nanoparticles Drug Delivery Systems Classification
Mechanism of Cancer Nanomedicine Therapy
Cancer Nanomedicine Clinical Pipeline Overview
Cancer Nanomedicine Clinical Pipeline by Company, Indication & Phase
Cancer Nanomedicine Clinical Pipeline: 79 Drugs
Marketed Cancer Nanomedicine: 8 Drugs
Molecular docking and its importance in drug designdevilpicassa01
The document discusses molecular docking and its importance in drug design. Molecular docking is a method used to predict how two molecules, such as a drug and a protein, fit together and interact with one another. It can be used to find potential inhibitors for target proteins and aid in rational drug design. Using molecular docking can help reduce the time and costs associated with new drug discovery by cutting down the research timeline through computer modeling and simulation. It is a key technique in modern computational biology and drug development.
Bioinformatics plays an important role in drug discovery and development by enabling target identification, rational drug design, compound refinement, and other processes. Key applications of bioinformatics include virtual screening of large compound libraries to identify potential drug leads, homology modeling of protein structures to inform drug design, and similarity searches to find analogs of existing drug molecules. The overall drug development process involves studying the disease, identifying drug targets, designing compounds, testing and refining candidates, and conducting clinical trials. Computational techniques expedite many steps but experimental validation is still needed.
Global peptide vaccine market & pipeline insightKuicK Research
Global Peptide Vaccine Market & Pipeline Insight provides an overview of the global peptide vaccine market and pipeline. Peptide vaccines work by activating the human immune system through mimicking pathogen proteins, inducing long-term immunity without showing direct pharmacological effects. The research and development of peptide vaccines has gained significant momentum in the pharmaceutical industry over the past decade due to their high safety, efficacy, and minimal side effects. The report provides details on the peptide vaccine market size and dynamics, clinical pipeline by phase and indication, and competitive landscape among major industry players. It is expected that next-generation peptide vaccines currently in development will pass regulatory approvals and clinical trials to be commercialized in the near future.
This document discusses how in vivo imaging can be used to understand the distribution of candidate compounds in the body. It provides examples of how various imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET), near infrared imaging, and mass spectrometry imaging can be used to track the accumulation of compounds in organs, penetration into tissues, and ability to cross barriers like the blood brain barrier. The document emphasizes how imaging can accelerate drug development by providing visualization of biological processes and quantifying pharmacokinetics, target engagement, and toxicity.
This 3-day event is the meeting place for international and domestic scientists to share case studies and project updates, showcase new techniques and form collaborations that pave the way towards the future of China’s biopharmaceutical industry.
This document is a summer internship project report submitted by Durgeshnath B Mishra to SIES College of Management Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Post Graduate Diploma in Pharmaceutical Management. The project focuses on analyzing therapy gaps in the oncology division (Neolife) of RPG Life Sciences. It includes a literature review on the Indian pharmaceutical industry and oncology market, methodology used including primary and secondary research, data analysis and interpretation, and recommendations to launch new oncology products to fill identified gaps.
Similar to Ideal carrier system for Brain Targeting (20)
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
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𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
4. 06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
4
INTRODUCTION
Targeted drug delivery is a strategy that selectively and preferentially delivers the
therapeutic agents to the target site concurrently failing access to the nontarget site.
Need of
TDDS
Pharmaceutical
Reasons
Low solubility
Drug instability
Pharmacodynamic
Reasons
Low specificity
Low therapeutic index
Pharmacokinetic
Reasons
Poor absorption
Short t1/2
Large Vd
6. • Drug delivery to brain
is the process of
passing therapeutically
active molecule across
the Blood Brain barrier
for the purpose of
treating brain maladies.
• This is a complex
process that must that
must take into the
account the complex
anatomy of the brain as
well as the restrictions
imposed by the special
junctions of the Blood
Brain Barrier.
06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
6
Schematic Representation of Transport Routes across the BBB
Source: J. Kim et al. / Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 73 (2019) 8–18.
8. • Carrier is one of the special molecule or system essentially required for effective transportation of
loaded drug up to the pre selected sites.
• They are engineered vectors, which retain drug inside or onto them either via encapsulation and/or via
spacer moiety and transport or deliver it into vicinity of target cell.
Ideal Properties of Carriers
• Should be non-toxic, non-immunogenic, non-inflammatory, biocompatible and biodegradable.
• Particle size should be < 200 nm and should have a narrow particle size distribution.
• Should be physically stable in blood circulation (i.e. no aggregation and dissociation).
• Should avoid opsonisation for longer circulation time in blood.
• Should possess BBB-targeted moiety coupled for delivery across BCECs via receptor- or adsorptive-
mediated transcytosis.
• Tunable drug release profiles.
• Production process of NPs should be scalable and cost effective.
• Should be applicable to carry antibodies, peptides, proteins,
• nucleic acids, sugars or small molecules.
06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
8
9. Pharmaceutical Carriers
1. Microcapsules
2. Microparticles
3. Lipid based nanoparticles
I. Liposomes
II. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)
III. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)
4. Polymer based nanoparticles
I. Polymeric nanoparticles
II. Polymeric micelles
III. Dendrimers
IV. Polymeric nanogels
06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
9
10. 06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
10
1. Microcapsules
Multilayer of lipid
API
Open Multilayers of lipid surrounding API
Morphologies of different microencapsulated
Mononuclear Polynuclear
Matrix Multifim
Source: Jurkowska and Szczygiel, 2016
Fundamental Considerations
1. Nature of Core Materials
2. Coating Materials
3. VehicleSource: Beautynewsindia.com
12. 06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
12
2. Microparticles
(a) Mononuclear/single core/core-shell (b) Multi-wall (c) Polynuclear/multiple core (d) Matrix (e) Coated polynuclear core (f) Coated
matrix particle (g) Patchy microparticle (h) Dual-compartment microcapsule (i) Colloidosome (j) Giant liposome
Spherical Microparticles
NonSpherical Microparticles
k) Irregular-shaped microparticle (l) Torus-shaped microparticle
(m) Tullet-shaped microparticle (n) Microtablet (o) Cubic-shaped
microparticle
• An advantage of microcarriers over nanoparticles is that they
do not traverse into the interstitium over the size of 100 nm
transported by the lymph, and thus act locally.
• In the case of multiparticulates, the dose is distributed in many
small separate particles, which carry and liberate a part of the
dose, hence the malfunction of an individual subunit does not
cause the failure of the whole dosage.
Source: Miléna Lengyel, et.al, Review “ Microparticles, Microspheres, and
Microcapsules for Advanced Drug Delivery”, Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87, 20;
doi:10.3390/scipharm87030020
14. 06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
14
3. Lipid-Based Nanoparticles
Source: Sarkar Alika, et. al, “Nanoparticles as a Carrier System for Drug Delivery Across Blood Brain Barrier”, Current Drug Metabolism, 2017, Vol. 18, No. 00.
A. Liposomes B. Solid Lipid NPs C. Nanostructured Lipid Carrier
16. 06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
16
3. Polymer-Based Nanoparticles
A. Nanospheres B. Nanocapsules C. Polymeric
Micelles
D. Dendrimers E. Polymeric
Nanogels
Source: Sarkar Alika, et. al, “Nanoparticles as a Carrier System for Drug Delivery Across Blood Brain Barrier”, Current Drug Metabolism, 2017, Vol. 18, No. 00.
18. Effective treatment for almost all the brain disorders continues to be one of the most significant
challenges of modern medicine due to the presence of BBB which impedes the delivery of many
therapeutic drugs.
Recent breakthroughs in the field nanotechnology provide an appropriate solution to problems
associated with delivery approaches and thus can be effectively used to treat a wide variety of brain
disorders.
Currently, various brain delivery nanocarrier systems with different features are available, facilitating
the delivery of neuroactive drugs including genes, growth factors, etc. to the brain.
NPs offer various advantages over the traditional delivery of drugs like- minimized side effects,
increased drug half-life time, extended or controlled drug release, decreased drug dose and the
possibility to enhance drug crossing across the BBB.
Even though nanotechnology-based applications have great potentials, there are several concerns
about their undesirable effects on human health and environment.
Thus while developing any therapeutic drug, very careful attention should be given to toxicity and
extensive studies should also be made for determining its efficacy and safety in humans.
06-09-2020
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
18
CONCLUSION
19. Nanotechnology is a rapidly emerging technology and it is widely expected that over the next couple of
years, it will continue to expand and evolve in various areas of life science research and each
advancement in the science of Nano-biotechnology will help us to unravel the mystery of drug delivery
across the BBB. There are many technological challenges to be met, for targeted brain drug delivery:
• The toxicity of NPs and their degradation products remain a key concern and ought to be addressed
before applying them to human patients.
• Improvement/enhancement of NPs release from implantable devices/ nanochips or multi reservoir
drug delivery-chips.
• Nanoparticles for tissue engineering.
• Encapsulation of implants by NPs containing biodegradable polymer for sustained release.
• Development of Theranostic NPs that are engineered NPs with combined therapeutic and diagnostic
applications.
• Development of multifunctional NPs for simultaneous targeting, imaging and treatment, will
encourage further development of nanomedicine in the next decade.
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National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
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FUTURE PROSPECTS
20. 1. Miléna Lengyel, et.al, Review “ Microparticles, Microspheres, and Microcapsules for Advanced
Drug Delivery”, Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87, 20; (Doi:10.3390/scipharm87030020)
2. Md. Sahab Uddin, Mst. Marium Begum, Carriers for Brain Targeting: Recent Advances and
Challenges, August 2019. (DOI: 10.1201/9780429465079-1)
3. Huile Gao, Perspective on Brain Targeted Drug Delivery Systems. 2018. (Doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-
814001-7.00018-4)
4. Sarkar Alika, et. al, “Nanoparticles as a Carrier System for Drug Delivery Across Blood Brain
Barrier”, Current Drug Metabolism, 2017, Vol. 18, No. 00.
5. Yasir et al. / IJBMSP, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 32-40, June 2015.
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National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Guwahati
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REFERENCES