1. There are different number systems for representing numbers using sets of symbols. The common number systems include binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal. 2. Each number system has a base or radix and uses a defined set of digits. For example, binary uses 0 and 1, octal uses 0-7, decimal uses 0-9, and hexadecimal uses 0-9 and A-F. 3. Conversions can be done between any two number systems, such as decimal to binary, binary to decimal, or between any two systems like converting a decimal number to its equivalent octal number.

1. 3q Aa¨vq (1g Ask)
msL¨v c×wZ
Dc¯’vcK: `xc¼i †mb
we. Gm. wm (GBP. BD. we) Bb wm. Gm. B
Gg. Gm. wm (BD. AvB. BD) Bb wm. Gm. B

2.  wbw`©ó cÖZxK ev wPü Øviv †Kv‡bv msL¨v cÖKvk Kivi c×wZ‡K msL¨v c×wZ e‡j|
msL¨v c×wZ
bb-cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ|
‡hgb t nvqv‡ivwMøwd·, †ivgvb,
U¨vwj msL¨v BZ¨vw`|
K) evBbvwi(Binary) ev wØwgK ev 2-wfwËK
L) A±vj(Octal) ev AówgK ev 8-wfwËK
M) †Wwmgvj (Decimal) ev `kwgK ev 10-wfwËK
N) †n·v‡Wwmgvj (Hexadecimal) ev †lvo`k ev 16-wfwËK
msL¨v c×wZ
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3. msL¨v c×wZ wfwË cÖZxK ev wPü D`vniY
evBbvwi 2 0, 1 (10111)2
A±vj 8 0 - 7 (67)8
`kwgK 10 0 - 9 (887)10
‡n·v‡Wwmgvj 16 0-9, A, B, C, D, E, F (AF.44)16
3-wfwËK 3 0, 1, 2 (212)3
4-wfwËK 4 0, 1, 2, 3 (332)4
5-wfwËK 5 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 (344)5
6-wfwËK 6 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (454)6
7-wfwËK 7 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (654)7
wewfbœ msL¨v c×wZi PvU©
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4. 1| `kwgK ‡_‡K †h †Kvb msL¨v c×wZ‡Z iæcvšÍi:
fvM . ¸Y
D`vniY
msL¨v c×wZi iæcvšÍi
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5. 2| †h †Kvb msL¨v c×wZ ‡_‡K `kwg‡K iæcvšÍi:
¸Y cwRkb bs. ¸Y - cwRkb bs
D`vniY
= 1965.62109375
msL¨v c×wZi iæcvšÍi
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6. 3| †h †Kvb msL¨v c×wZ ‡_‡K †h †Kvb msL¨v c×wZ‡Z iæcvšÍi:
msL¨v c×wZi iæcvšÍi
D`vniY:
(112.24)5=(422.11)10
(112.24)5=(?)10 (422.11)10=(?)7
(422.11)10 = (212.1634)7
(112.24)5 = (212.1634)7
†h†Kv‡bv
msL¨v c×wZ
†h†Kv‡bv
msL¨v c×wZ
`kwgK msL¨v c×wZ
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7. wPýhy³ msL¨v Ges Kw¤cDUvi wm‡÷‡g Gi Dc¯’vcb
 hLb †Kvb msL¨vi c~‡e© abvZœK (+) ev FYvZœK (-) wPý _v‡K ZLb †mB msL¨v‡K wPýhy³ msL¨v ev mvBbW b¤^i ejv nq|
Kw¤cDUvi wm‡÷‡g wPý hy³ msL¨v Dc¯’vcbvi Rb¨ wZbwU c×wZ Av‡Q| h_vt
1| cÖK…Z gvb MVb
3| 2-Gi cwic~iK MVb
2| 1-Gi cwic~iK MVb
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8. ‡KvW
 Kw¤cDUvi wm‡÷‡g e¨eüZ cÖwZwU eY©, A¼, msL¨v, cÖZxK ev we‡kl wPý‡K Avjv`vfv‡e wmwcBD†K eySv‡bvi Rb¨
evBbvwi we‡Ui (0 ev 1) AwØZxq ms‡KZ ˆZwi Kiv nq| G AwØZxq ms‡KZ‡K ejv nq †KvW|
cÖ‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Îi Dci wfwË K‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi †Kv‡Wi D™¢e n‡q‡Q| †hgb:
 wewmwW (BCD) †KvW: Binary Coded Decimal
 AvjdvwbD‡gwiK †KvW (Alphanumeric code)
 BwewmwWK (EBCDIC) †KvW: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
 A¨vmwK (ASCII) †KvW: American Standard Code for Information Interchange
 BDwb‡KvW (Unicode): Universal Code
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