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1. Operating System
Presentation
Introduction to Computing
Presented by:
Name: Ameer Hamza Butt
Roll No # 2203402

2. Operating System
 An operating system (OS)
is system software that manages
computer hardware, software
resources, and provides common
services for computer programs.
 Controlling and allocating memory.
 Controlling inputs and outputs devices.
 Facilitating networking and managing
file system.

3. Purpose of operating system
 It manages the hardware resource (processor , memory etc ) of system.
 It manages the software resources (application program etc ) of the system.
 It provides a user interface.
 It provides the facility to the use the hardware without knowing its detail.

4. Types of Interface
 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
 COMMAND LINE INTERAFCE

5. Graphical User Interface
 In GUI operating system icons, windows and buttons are used as visual
components.
 These components or objects are used to perform different tasks.
 Users of these operating system need not to memorize commands
 Use can perform a task like copying a file without writing a command.
 Examples of GUI are windows , linux etc.

6. Commands Line Operating System
 In command line operating system user need to write a command to perform
a certain task.
 To write a command user need to memorize them.
 These operating system providing textual interface.
 Example of command line operating system are DOS , UNIX etc.

7. COMPARSION
Command line
 It is difficult to remember its commands. It is
also difficult to type commands for different
tasks.
 User have excellent control on the file system.
 Many command line interface are multiplying but
they do not have the ability to display multiple
tasks on the screen at the same time
 Command line interface is fast to perform a task
GUI
 It is easy to use it is very easy to
remember different sequence of activities
to perform a certain task
 Users have better control on the file
system but in some case they need to use
the command line interface to complete a
task
 In GUI multiple tasks can be performed at
the same time. These tasks are also
display on the screen. GUI operating
systems are fasters in multitasking
 GUI is slower while performing a certain
task

8. Types Of Operating System
 Single tasking and multi-tasking
 Single and multi-user
 Distributed
 Templated
 Embedded
 Real time
 Library

9. Single tasking and multi tasking
 A single-tasking system can only run one program at a time, while a multi-
tasking operating system allows more than one program to be running in
concurrency. This is achieved by time-sharing, where the available processor
time is divided between multiple processes.

10. Single or multi user
 Single-user operating systems have no facilities to distinguish users, but may
allow multiple programs to run in tandem. A multi-user operating system
extends the basic concept of multi-tasking with facilities that identify
processes and resources, such as disk space, belonging to multiple users, and
the system permits multiple users to interact with the system at the same
time.

11. Distributed
 A distributed operating system manages a group of distinct, networked
computers and makes them appear to be a single computer, as all
computations are distributed (divided amongst the constituent computers).

12. Embedded
 Are designed to be used in embedded computer systems. They are designed
to operate on small machines with less autonomy (e.g. PDAs). They are very
compact and extremely efficient by design, and are able to operate with a
limited amount of resources. Windows CE and Minix 3 are some examples of
embedded operating systems.

13. Real time
 A real-time operating system is an operating system that guarantees to
process events or data by a specific moment in time. A real-time operating
system may be single- or multi-tasking, but when multitasking, it uses
specialized scheduling algorithms so that a deterministic nature of behavior is
achieved.

14. Library
 A library operating system is one in which the services that a typical operating
system provides, such as networking, are provided in the form of libraries and
composed with the application

15. Conclusion
 As operating system controls and coordinates the use of the hardware among
the various applications programs for various uses, we can say that it can play
very important role in computer system.