Farming is the major source for the survival in this world, here the future farming is moving towards the smarter technologies in order to increase the productivity within a short time. CROPSAP considered as one of the path breaking initiatives with the possibility and success of the programme demonstrated, many other ICT Initiatives have been brought into operation in plant protection Tools (Advisory tools, GIS system) that improve the accuracy on pest and disease diagnosis which will give growers a better ability to spray pesticides when and where required, saving them money on the unnecessary sprays. Decisions that are based on reliable and accurate information increases the quality of farming.

1. Seminar
On
ICT BASED REMOTE
AGROECOLOGICAL MONITORING
SYSTEM : A Review
Presented BY
Surya Prakash Gupta
Ph.D. II Sem.
Deptt. of Entomology
COA,RAIPUR

2. Source: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
Agriculture
20%
Service
54%
Industry
26%
Contribution to GDP: Sector-wise (2021)

3. Reasons of Agricultural Information
Delay in Rural India
Media, information Management are not
properly used.
 Lack of sufficient extension workers.
 Lack of Agricultural Information literacy in India
 Lack of updated agriculture information with
the farmers and most of the extension workers.

4. Reasons of Agricultural Information
Delay in Rural India
Poor technological knowledge of farmers and
village level extension personnel
 Economic problems of rural people
 The top down approach is adapted for extension
activity. So, the linkage between research
extension and farmers remained weak etc.

6. Agriculture production systems in the 21st
century need to be based on the
appropriate use of Biotechnology ,
Information technology and Ecotechnology

7. The objectives of this policy are poverty reduction,
food security and climate change

8. ICT in Agriculture
 Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) that play an
important role in uplifting the livelihoods of the rural poor.
 ICT is an umbrella term that includes any communication
device or application, encompassing :radio ,television
,mobile and fixed phones, computer and network hardware
and software, satellite system and so on necessary for the
delivery of information in the form of audio, data, video
image etc. from point A to Point B .

9. Objectives
ICT in agriculture sector meets several objectives and
thereby achieving agricultural growth, rural
employment, enhanced productivity and happy
livelihood.
 To ensure ownership and develop entrepreneurship in
farmers of Indian villages.
 To develop local content and create awareness .
 To ensure language and cultural pertinence and active
participation of farmers.
 To help the villagers augment the growth of agriculture
and contribute in GDP growth .

10. The government of India have
launched several apps towards
the welfare of farmers including
Farmer’s portal ,Kisan
Suvidha, Pusa Krishi etc.

11. CROPSAP(Crop Pest Surveillance and Advisory
Project of Maharashtra)
Objectives:
 Implementation ICT-based pest
surveillance and Advisory
 Awareness creation among farmers
on IPM
 Integrated pest management by
issuing appropriate advisories and
ensuring timely availability of
critical inputs
Department of Agriculture, Maharashtra implementing authority with funding from
RKVY by central government 2009-2012 followed by state government from 2013
till date

12. CROPSAP Implementation Process
Scout & Villages
Detailed form
SMS Form
Pest Monitor for 10 Scouts
Data Entry Operator for 1PM
On line Entry
Every Wednesday and Saturday
SAUs/NCIPM/CICR State Agricultural Department
End User Farmer
Meeting at village level,30000 villages
Feedback
VillageBoards,Media
Elite Farmers
Issue of Advisory on Thursday and
Monday
Data analysis
VILLAGE
LEVEL
SDAO
LEVEL
SAU
Monitoring, Analysis & Communication by State Monitoring Cell
STATE
Data from fixed and random 8000 ha/week

13. ICT-Based Pest Management Advisory
Dissemination based on ETLs

14. Number of Advisories issued

15. Impact
Since, the Inception of CROPSAP till date there has been no
outbreak of any major pest on the targeted crops due to
consistent pest monitoring
 Timely guidance received by the farmers through SMSs
 Adoption of appropriate pest management strategies
CROPSAP considered as one of the path breaking initiatives
with the possibility and success of the programme
demonstrated, many other ICT Initiatives have been brought
into operation in plant protection .

16. AWARDS

17. National information system for pest Management
(NISPM-Bt cotton) and On-line pest monitoring and
Advisory Services(OPMAS )(Cotton)
Salient features:
 Ministry of Agriculture GOI operated the NIPSM in Bt
Cotton under technology mission on cotton Mini Mission
II between 2008-13 From 2014 renamed as OPMAS.
 Aim to expand the web based pest monitoring and
advisory services against cotton pest across the country in
major cotton growing districts.
 Villages covered : 216,Total farmers -23134
 OPMAS hosted on www.ncipm.org.in

18. IMPACT
 The regular monitoring and dissemination of advisory
helped in reducing the number of chemical pesticide sprays
in field of IPM trained farmers compared to farmers
practices.
 The seed cotton yield recorded was also higher in IPM as
compared to Farmers practice

19. Accelerated Pulses Production Programme
(A3P)
 Developed by NCIPM, New Delhi
 Development of Web based tool for the Pest of Piegonpea and
Chickpea Crops.
 GIS is used for pest reporting on map.
 Objectives:
 To detect pest Buildup and monitor their progress through web
based query interface at village/Taluka/District level .
 To forewarm farmers through SMSs to ready themselves with
preventive as well as curative pest management tools.

20. Number of villages and farmers covered under A3P

21. Impact
 Near 25000 farmers were registered for receiving SMS
advisories.
 Due to advisories sent through SMS on the basis of pest
reporting led to the reduction in number of chemical
pesticide sprays from 6 to 3 in Gulbarga district.
 3 Million ton additional production of pulses in
comparison to previous years .

22. Horticulture pest surveillance and
advisory project (HortSAP)
HortSAP –Maharashtra was initiated from 2011-12 for
Mango,Pomegranate,Banana,Sapota,Orange(Nagpur
Mandarin) and Sweet Orange(Mausambi
 HortSAP application consist of data capture, Pest
reporting and advisory modules.
 Important feature is that user can easily add crop and
pest into it.

23. Crops No. of District
Covered
No. of Talukas
Covered
Covering Area
(ha)
Pomegranate 8 32 64928
Banana 4 13 53881
Mango 7 45 107182
Santra 6 25 73381
Sweet Orange 4 23 56859
Sapota 1 4 5416
Total 23 Districts 142 361647
Area of operation under e-pest surveillance for different crops
Data collection Data entry Data verification Data transfer to centralized
database Pest reporting & advisory issue Pest advisory dissemination
Information Flow Chart of the System

24. Impact
Implementation of the project in the state has
helped the progressive farmers in creating
awareness for the correct identification of the
pests, timely and ETL-based application of the
IPM technologies without time lag between the
occurrence of the pests and their management as
per the report.

25.  IGKV, the agricultural university in Chhattisgarh and
National Informatics Centre (NIC), has developed a crop
doctor app for information, knowledge and problem
solution for almost all major crops.
 The App provides all information about all major crops,
including paddy, vegetables, and pulses, besides details
about diseases, insects, and nutrient deficiency of crops
for the benefit of farmers.
 Expert System for image based diagnosis of rice pest
and their management
CROP DOCTOR APP

26. Impact
At present, there are a total of 256473 users of the
crop doctor app, including 644 agricultural scientists
associated with the project,1520 input dealers,
27680 farmers registered in this farmers’ club, and
20261 agriculture students related to this app.

27. ICT BASED DSS TOOLS DEVELOPED IN
INDIA
Name of DSS Main Features
SOYPEST  Web based Expert System
 Developed by NRC for Soybean , Indore
Identification and management soybean
pests
 Use artificial intelligence technique fuzzy
logic for estimation of pest activity.
Rice Crop Doctor Expert system developed by MANAGE
Hyderabad for image based diagnosis of rice
pest and their management
Damage symptoms image based pest
identification
AGREX Expert system develop by Centre for
Informatics Research and Advancement, Kerala
to help the agricultural field personnel
Find its application in diagnosis of pests in
paddy

28. Name of DSS Main Features
iKisan Web based information system developed
by Nagarjuna groups of Companies .
 Provides crop production information for
20 crops
e- Sagu  Web based information system
developed by Media Lab Asia with IIT
Bombay
 provides agro advisory services to the
farmers
 System works for farmers through
computer literate , e-Sagu local centre
workers
aAQUA  Internet based question answer based
system developed by Media Lab Asia with
IIT Bombay open to all
 provides solutions to problems posed by
farmers
 Questions can be put through internet or
e-mail.

29. Name of DSS Main Features
AgriDaksh  Web based tool developed by IASRI, New
Delhi for building expert system
Facilitates ontology based insect
identification
EXOWHEM  Web based Expert system developed by
IASRI, New Delhi for wheat farmers
 Provides the complete information about
the wheat crop management
 Advises wheat varieties on the basis of
area cultural and climatic conditions.
Pesticide Advisor An stand alone pesticide database
application for researcher& ext.workers.
 Contains all the information about 179
pesticides registered in the country

30. Smart Farming
 Smart Farming represents the application of
modern Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT) into agriculture, leading to
what can be called a Third Green Revolution
 Combined application of ICT solutions such as
precision equipment, the Internet of Things (IoT)
, geo-positioning systems, Geographic
Information System, Remote Sensing ,
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs, drones) ,
robotics, etc.
 Smart farming is known by precision farming
too

31. Component of Smart farming
Capturing the data at an appropriate scale and
frequency.
 Interpretation and analysis of Data
 Implementation of a management response at
an appropriate scale and time.

32. Internet of Things (IOT)
• The Internet of Things is inter-
networking of physical device.
• This system has the ability to
transfer data over a network
without requiring human to
human or human to computer
interaction.
• It means connection of each
and every thing to the internet.

33. Internet of Things (IOT)

34. Geospatial Technology
• It is an emerging field of study that includes
Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote
Sensing (RS), and Global Positioning System (GPS).
• It is designed to efficiently capture, store, update,
manipulate, analyze and display geographically
referenced information
• Main objective overall improvement in farm
incomes while minimizing risk

35. Global Positioning System (GPS)
• GPS is a satellite based navigation
system that can be used to locate
positions anywhere on earth.
• Enabling user to determine latitude
and longitude coordinates.
• GPS designed and operated by the
U.S Department of defense,it
consists of Satellite, control and
Monitor station and receivers.
• GPS is a passive system in which
user can only receive signals but
not send signals.

36. Geographic Information System (GIS)
• Geographic Information System (GIS) store,
analyze and visualize data for geographic
position on earth surface.
• The 4 main ideas of Geographic information
system(GIS)are:
• Create geographic data
• Manage it in a database
• Analyze and find patterns
• Visualize it on a map
• Because viewing and analyzing data on maps
impacts our understanding of data,we can make
better decision using GIS. It helps to understand
what is where. Analysis becomes simple
.Answers become clear

37. Geographic Information System (GIS)
1. Monitoring Suitable habitat of Insect Pests.
2. Monitoring foliage damage index caused by
insect pest.
3. Monitoring Long distance migration of an
agricultural insect pests
4. Monitoring forest Fragments and Insect
distribution diversity

38. Sub Group of GIS
REMOTE SENSING
 Remote Sensing is the collection
of information about an object
without being in direct physical
contact with the object
DIGITAL CARTOGRAPHY
 It is the art and Science of visually
depicting a geographic area on a flat
surface like a map or chart
 is a method of making maps on a
digital platform
 Making map in 3D Perspectives
 Multiple data could be layered

39. Remote Sensing
It is a technology for sampling electromagnetic radiation to acquire
and interpret non-immediate geospatial data from which to extract
information about features, object and classes on the Earth land
surface, oceans and atmosphere.
The term Remote sensing was first used in 1961, by US Naval .

40. Spectral Signature-Vegetation

43. Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)/Drones
• Small drons are being used for rapid
assessment of crops with high resolution
imagery.
• Drones can detect problems in plant by
scanning a crop using both visible and
near –infrared light, drone can identify
which plants reflect what amounts of green
light and NIR Light this produce multiple
images indicate health of plants .As soon
as sickness is discovered farmers can
apply the remedies more precisely.
• Different type of sensor are used like
Visual sensor, Hyper spectral sensor.

45. Example:

46. Locust Warning Organisation
• “Locust Warning Organization
(LWO)” established in 1939
• Locust Warning organization
(LWO) is responsible to
monitor and control the locust
situation in Scheduled Desert
Area (SDA) mainly in the
States of Rajasthan and
Gujarat while partly in the
States of Punjab and Haryana

47. Introduction
• Only four species are found in India.
• The desert locust is most important pest species in India as
well as in intercontinental context

48. Distribution
• The invasion area of desert locust covers about 30 million sq
km which includes whole or parts of nearly 64 countries

49. Advanced Tool for Monitoring

50. Advanced Tool for Monitoring
• Monitoring, providing Early
Warning, and acting promptly to
control outbreaks of locust and
other migratory pests are crucial to
ensure that timely and appropriate
action can be taken when an
emergency arises.
• In 2014, FAO DLIS released the
updated eLocust3 system that
allows national survey and control
officers in locust affected countries
to record and transmit data from
the field to their national locust
centres in real time via satellite

51. Advantage of Advance tool for
Monitoring
• These tools provides non-destructive , non-
invasive precise estimates
• Best suited for area wide approach
• Due to remote sensing possible to detect stress
before visible symptoms
• Aid in guided field scouting
• Cost effective

52. Conclusion
• Farming is the major source for the survival in this
world, here the future farming is moving towards the
smarter technologies in order to increase the
productivity within a short time.
• CROPSAP considered as one of the path breaking
initiatives with the possibility and success of the
programme demonstrated, many other ICT Initiatives
have been brought into operation in plant protection

53. Conclusion
• Tools (Advisory tools, GIS system) that
improve the accuracy on pest and disease
diagnosis which will give growers a better
ability to spray pesticides when and where
required, saving them money on the
unnecessary sprays.
• Decisions that are based on reliable and
accurate information increases the quality of
farming.