1. Sudan has a weak market condition due to ongoing civil war and conflicts between tribes and the government. It exports cotton as its major export and imports food, petroleum, and machinery. 2. The country has experienced political and economic instability including a civil war from 1955-1972 that resulted in 2 million deaths. Infrastructure is destroyed and investment financing is limited. 3. Sudan has strengths like its large size and role in international trade but also many weaknesses like being one of the poorest countries, low literacy rates, and lack of proper infrastructure and healthcare. It aims to build trade links with other least developed countries as part of its WTO accession.

1. ANALYSI S OF SUDAN BY
AWAI S AHMAD
CI I T/ FA09-MBA-027/ LHR

2. LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHY:

3. TRADE:
•Port Sudan in the North
•Destroyed Infrastructure
•Civil War

4. IMPORT-EXPORT:
•EXPORTS:
COTTON – The major Export
Industrial Products – Textiles and Cement
Agricultural Products
•IMPORTS:
Food Stuff
Petroleum Products
Textiles
Machinery
Vehicles
Iron
Steel

5. MARKET CONDITION:
• Major Markets – China, Japan, Indonesia, Egypt,
UAE, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, South Korea
• Major Suppliers - European Union, China, Malaysia,
Saudi Arabia, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, and India
• Market Condition is weak
• Conflict between Tribes and Government
• Civil War
• A high Export of Agricultural Products
• One of the 25 poorest countries in the world

6. LAWS RELATED TO TRADE:
• Exports $8.464 billion
• Imports $6.823 billion
• Trade depends on production
• Production depends on the rainfall which is rare
• International Trade passes through Port Sudan – the
North

7. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
INSTABILITY:
• Civil War – 1955 – 1972 (2 billion deaths)
• British failure to ensure equity for both North and
South
• Independent South Sudan movement by South
• Inadequate Infrastructure and limited source of
Investment Financing
• Darfur Conflict (Representation of Non-Arab agrarian
farmers in Politics by SLM/A VS JEM)
• Bribery in Parliament
• Classes and Caste System
• Division in almost 25 states
• Gender-based discrimination
• Transfer of property to elder son

8. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
INSTABILITY:
• Low Literacy Rate – 48% (58% Men, 36% women)
• Drought and Irrigation problem
• Lack of interest towards Industrial and Govt. sectors
(80% agricultural, 10% industrial, 6% Govt labour force,
4% unemployed)
• Darfur Conflict - Sudan Liberation Movement/Army
(SLM/A) VS Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)
• High crime rate due to political instability
• Military – 92000 (Army 90000, Navy 1700, Air force 300)
• Free medical facilities but inaccessible by the people
• Poor Health Care and lack of contribution by Govt
towards Medical Facilities

9. MAJOR POLITIACAL
PARITES & THEIR LEADERS:
UP (The Umma Party)
Al-Sadiq Al-Mahdi
P. Minister: 1966 – 1967, P. Minister: 1986 - 1989
DUP (The Democratic Unionist Party)
Ahmed Ali Al-Mirahani
President, 1986 - 1989
NIF (The National Islamic Front)
Omer Hassan Abdullah Al-Turabi
President, 1989
SPLM (Sudanese People’s Liberation Movement)
RB (The Republication Brothers)
SCP (The Sudanese Communist Paries)
BP (The Bath Party)

10. CURRENT GOVERNMENT:
• Provisional Government established by the
Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) signed in
January 2005
• President – Umar Hassan Ahmad Al-Bashir
• 1st Vice President - Salva Kiir Mayardit
• Vice President - Ali Osman Taha
• Governor Central Bank of Sudan - Muhammad Al-
Hasan Sabir
• Minister of Foreign Trade - James Kok Rew
• Minister of Agriculture - Zubeir Beshir Taha

11. RELATIONS WITH
NEIGHBOURS:
• Libya – Announcement in 1994 but not implemented
• Egypt – Good till 1986, but worsen after refuse of Arab
combination against Iraq
• Chad – affected by Civil War and Darfur Conflict
• Saudi Arabia – Good till 1974, but worsened after the
defeat of Iraq

12. BIZ CULTURE:
• Lack of interest by New Businessmen within the
region
• Political and Economic Instability discourage them
• Poor Market Condition
• Less Production

13. EFFECTS ON WTO:
• In the process of accession (Expected Changes,
Should build links with LDCs (Least Developed
Countries), also include:
• Afghanistan
• Bhutan
• Cape Verde
• Ethiopia
• Laos
• Samoa
• Sao Tome & Principe
• Sudan
• Vanuatu and Yemen

14. ECONOMIC CYCLE:
• Economy is based on Agriculture
• Agricultural Products are exported
• Machinery, Steel, Iron and food items are imported
• Industrial sector deals with soap distilling, textiles and
cement

15. SWOT ANALYSIS:
• Strengths:
1. Largest country of Africa
2. A major exporter of Cotton
3. Takes part in International Trade
4. Port Sudan – most of international trade passes
5. Cheap Labour
6. Oil producing country
7. Unique Geographical Location

16. SWOT ANALYSIS:
• Weaknesses:
1. One of the 25 poorest countries
2. Civil War
3. Low Literacy Rate
4. Poor Health and Medical Care
5. Lack of Human Rights
6. High Inflation Rate
7. Underdeveloped Infrastructure
8. Lack of Rule of Law
9. Lack of Proper Irrigation system
10. Non-availability of Safe Water

17. SWOT ANALYSIS:
• Opportunities:
1. Attracting Foreign Investment
2. Tourism (Red Sea resorts, developing
Ancient Nubian ruins, wild life parks etc.)
3. Cheap Labour can work abroad
2. Increase in the demand of oil in world market
3. Increase in the demand of cotton in world market
4. Increase in exports of agricultural products
5. Bridging Africa and the Arab World

18. SWOT ANALYSIS:
• Threats:
1. Increase in the price of food items in world market
as it is the major importer of food items
2. Increase in the price of Industrial Products in world
market.
3. China hindering democratic progress
4. Sharing endless border with 9 countries
5. Al-Qaeda

19. ANY QUERIES?

20. GOOD LUCK