Hormonal drugs are used to treat hypo- and hyperthyroidism. For hypothyroidism, drugs include levothyroxine sodium and liothyronine, which supplement thyroid hormones. For hyperthyroidism, drugs like mercazolil inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis or radioactive iodine can destroy thyroid follicle cells. A constant iodine supply is necessary for normal thyroid hormone synthesis, so iodized salt is commonly used to prevent iodine deficiency. Levothyroxine sodium is the drug of choice for hypothyroidism replacement therapy and mercazolil works by blocking peroxidase to inhibit thyroid hormone production for hyperthyroidism treatment.

1. 1
Treatment of hypo and
hyperthyroidism

4. Hormonal drugs thyroid gland
1.Used for hypothyroidism
1.Liothyronine(Triiodothyronine, T3)
2.Levothyroxinesodium (L-thyroxine, T4)
3.Potassium iodide
4.Novotiral, Tireotom
5.Eutirox
6.Thyreocomb
2.Used for hyperthyroidism (antithyroid)
Inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones
Mercazolil
Potassium perchlorate
Destroying thyroid follicle cells
Radioactive iodine (131I)

5. In the structure of the molecule of
triiodothyronine and thyroxine
(tetraiodothyronine), there are
respectively three or four iodine atoms.
For the normal synthesis of these
hormones, a constant supply of iodine to
the body is necessary.
In areas endemic for iodine, where there
is a lack of this element in nature, and to
which our republic also belongs, in order
to prevent endemic goiter (overgrowth
of the thyroid gland), it is necessary to
artificially increase the amount of iodine
consumed by the population. This is
usually done by iodizing the salt.

6. • Liothyronine (triiodothyronine 50) begins to act after 6-8 hours, is quickly
excreted from the body. It is 4-8 times more intense than levothyroxine so
dium, it is better absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (up to 95%). It is
used for emergencies, but not for conventional substitution therapy.
• Levothyroxine sodium (L-thyroxine, bagothyrox, euthyrox) is the drug of c
hoice for replacement therapy of hypothyroidism. T-50 is 7 days. 80% of T
3 is formed as a result of peripheral deiodination of thyroxine (T4), while
prescribing drugs in the blood, the content of both hormones increases.

7. Indications for appointment:
• primary and severe hypothyroidism;
• autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's diseas
e);
• diffuse toxic goiter in remission to prevent t
he goiter effect of Mercazolil;
• nodular goiter with symptoms of hypothyroi
dism;
• thyroid cancer;
• diffuse non-toxic goiter.

8. Antithyroid drugs
Inhibit the synthesis of thyroid hormones
Mercazolil
Mechanism of action:Blockerperoxidaseinhibits
iodination of tyrosine
inhibits the synthesis of T3and T4
Indication: Hyperthyroidism
Dosage and administration:
20-40 mg per day for 3-6 weeks,
then 5-20 mg per day for 0.5-2 years.

9. adverse reactions: nausea, taste dist
urbance, allergic reactions, agranulocytosis (r
arely), hepatitis, lupus-like syndrome and vasc
ulitis.

10. In thyrotoxicosis, antithyroid
substances are used that inhibit the
production of thyroid hormones.
Radioactive iodine selectively
accumulates in the thyroid gland and,
due to the radioactive rays emitted by it,
causes a violation of the normal structure
of thyroid cells.