HYDRONEPHROSIS.pptx
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1. Hydronephrosis is defined as dilatation of the urinary collecting system of the kidney and can be caused by factors like retroperitoneal fibrosis, urolithiasis, neoplastic masses, and stenosis of the pelvi-ureteric junction. 2. Imaging modalities used to diagnose and grade hydronephrosis include abdominal ultrasound, CT, MRI, intravenous pyelography, and diuretic renography. 3. Hydronephrosis is graded on a scale of 0-4 by the Society of Fetal Urology based on the degree of dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces and presence of cortical thinning.
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HYDRONEPHROSIS.pptx
- 1. MUHIMBILI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT GROUP 1 PRESENTATION
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Hydronephrosis (plural: hydronephroses) is defined as dilatation of the urinary collecting system of the kidney (the calyces, the infundibula, and the pelvis). • causative factors : RUNS Mnemonic • R: retroperitoneal fibrosis • U: urolithiasis • N: neoplastic mass (cervical cancer) • S: stenosis of pelvi-ureteric junction
- 4. Differential diagnosis • renal sinus cysts • extrarenal pelvis • pseudohydronephrosis
- 5. IMAGING MODALITIES • Abdominal ultrasound; more convenient, cheap, readily available, less invasive and doesn’t emit radiations. • Others; • Abdominal CT • magnetic resonance urography • Intravenous pyelography • Diuretic renography
- 6. grading system of hydronephrosis Developed by the Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) was devised to assess the degree of hydronephrosis. This particular system is thought to be the most common in use and was originally designed for grading neonatal and infant pelvicalyectasis: • grade 0 • no dilatation, calyceal walls are apposed to each other. • grade 1 (mild) • dilatation of the renal pelvis without dilatation of the calyces (can also occur in the extrarenal pelvis) • no parenchymal atrophy
- 7. • grade 2 (mild) • dilatation of the renal pelvis (mild) and calyces (pelvicalyceal pattern is retained) • no parenchymal atrophy • grade 3 (moderate) • moderate dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces • blunting of fornices and flattening of papillae • mild cortical thinning may be seen • grade 4 (severe) • gross dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces, which appear ballooned • loss of borders between the renal pelvis and calyces • renal atrophy seen as cortical thinning
Editor's Notes
- Intravenous urography showing gross right hydronephrosis
- Magnetic resonance urography showing gross hydronephrosis
- Delayed Tissue tracer transit (TTT) in right kidney