hydrogels

1. FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LOCUST
BEAN GUM-BASED HYDROGEL FOR WASTE WATER
TREATMENT APPLICATION
Presented by Peerzada Faizan Shafi
Under the Supervision
Dr . Vijay Kumar
Department of Physics
Nit Srinagar

2. Content
Introduction
Why locust bean gum
Objectives
Classification
Method of preparation
Optimization table for %swelling
Swelling and grafting studies
Characterization techniques
Application for dye removal
Conclusion

3. Introduction
Hydrogels are the hydrophilic 3D structure of crosslinked polymers
Do Not dissolve but can Swell in Water or biological fluid
Are highly absorbent.
LBG-cl- Poly (Aam)

4. Why locust bean gum
Locust bean gum-based hydrogels have been least studied for
the application of dye removal
A natural, renewable biopolymer
Non-toxic
Economically feasible

5. Objectives
To synthesize Locust bean-based hydrogel
Optimization of various parameters (Swelling and grafting studies)
Characterization of the SEMI-IPN (SEM, FTIR, XRD)
Application for dye removal (Malachite green)

6. Classification
Hydrogel
Polymeric
Composition
Homopolymeric Co-Polymeric Interpenetrating
Ionic charge
Cationic Anionic Non-Ionic
Crosslinking
Physical
Chemical
Biodegradability
Biodegradable
Non-Biodegradable

7. Method of preparation
Heating
To 600C
Gum
v
AAm
Keep
Stirring
MBA
APS
Keep
Stirring
DRY IN
OVEN AT
600C FOR 4
HOURS
STIRRING
Microwave

8. LBG(g) APS(mol/L) Aam(mol/L) MBA(mol/L) SOLVENT(mL) % SWELLING
0.5 0.015 0.703 0.025 20 898.16
0.5 0.018 0.703 0.025 20 750
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.025 20 1022
0.5 0.022 0.703 0.025 20 893
0.5 0.024 0.703 0.025 20 852
0.5 0.02 0.563 0.025 20 719
0.5 0.02 0.633 0.025 20 796
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.025 20 989.6
0.5 0.02 0.774 0.025 20 858
0.5 0.02 0.844 0.025 20 854
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0074 20 1175
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0078 20 1232
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0081 20 1258
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0084 20 1015
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0088 20 837
Optimization table for %Swelling

9. LBG APS AAM MBA SOLVENT %SWELLING
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0081 27 968
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0081 28 972
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0081 29 1088
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0081 30 1250
0.5 0.02 0.703 0.0081 31 1193
Continued

10. Optimization of efficiency of
microwave power
Efficiency %Swelling
20 736
40 932
60 1041
80 1300
100 779

11. Swelling studies

12. Continued

13. Characterization
FTIR
Close to 3337 cm-, the band refers to the primary and
secondary stretch of hydroxyl OH vibration, y-(CH), and y(-
CH2-OH), respectively. Near 2925 cm-1 represents the stretch
vibration in CH and CH2. The bands near 1373 cm-1 are derived
from the deformation of the CH-OH group. The bands from
1020- 1145 are due to the stretching of the C-O bond. In
hydrogel, the attachment of Aam is confirmed by the
appearance of a characteristic absorption band at 1626 cm-1,
1480 cm-1, and 1409 cm-1 due to C=O stretching vibration, C-N
stretching of acrylamide, and C-N stretching vibration of the
tertiary amide of AAm, respectively

14. XRD
LBG gum showed no peak of
crystallinity and there was only one
peak at 2ᶿ= 19.15 suggesting the
amorphous nature of LBG. LBG-cl-
poly (Aam) showed a peak at
2theta=22.35 and with decreased
peak intensity which may be
attributed to the convergence of LBG
towards more disordered states after
crosslinking.

15. SEM
Powder

16. Hydrogel

17. Application for dye removal
Effect of adsorbent dose on the evacuation of MG dye

18. Effect of adsorbent dose on the evacuation of MG dye with time

19. Effect of adsorbent dose (Shown
visually)

20. Conclusion
An LBG-cl-Poly (AAm) hydrogel with excellent swelling capacity and high MG dye adsorption efficiency
has been developed in this study. Batch experiments were carried out to optimize the various parameters like
monomer, initiator, crosslinker, solvent, and power for maximum swelling percentage. It has been shown
that the maximum percentage swelling corresponds to the microwave power efficiency of 80%. The effect of
adsorbent dose on the MG dye removal was investigated. Our hydrogel's overall strong water penetration
and high %swelling (1300) allows the interior adsorption sites for MG dye. It was discovered that the
hydrogel's adsorption activity removed nearly 99 percent of the MG dye from dye solutions with a 50 mg L-1
initial concentration. The LBG-cl-Poly (AAm) hydrogel is a regenerative adsorbent with great capacity to
remove cationic dye from liquid environments, according to experimental results. According to the findings,
LBG-cl-Poly (AAm) hydrogel is a viable alternative adsorbent that can be utilized to treat effluents that
include the BG dye.

21. Thank You