it talks about human and environment

2. Ecological Terminology
A habitat is an area where wild plants and animals
live. More specifically, it is a part of the
environment occupied by a particular organism. Each
habitat usually supports a fairly diverse group
of different organisms (plants and animals), called
a community.
A community is made up of several populations,
which are the numbers of individual organisms of
one type or species.
Each living organism adapt to suit its lifestyle in some
way. At the most basic level, adaptation, competition,
and predation are factors which may be said to
influence the distribution and population sizes of
organisms in various environments.
Biological specializations

3. Environmental Influences
Living organisms are affected by physical,
chemical and biological influences around
them. Non- biological abiotic factors (mainly
physical) can often be easily measured and
perhaps correlated with the frequency of
different organisms within an area,.
Environmental variables:
> climate (temperature, rainfall, sunshine)
> landscape (local differences in climate)
> soil - sandy/clay - pH

4. RESOURCES TO SURVIVE

5. HUMANS NEGATIVE IMPACT TO THE
ENVIRONMENT
Factors contributing to ENVIRONMENTAL LOSS are:
 OVER-POPULATION,
 WASTE
 POLLUTION,
 DEFORESTATION,
 POOR FARMING PRACTICE
 OVERUSE/WASTAGE OF NATURAL RESOURCES,

6. IMPACT
OF
OVER- POPULATION

7. WASTE
Examples include

municipal solid waste (household trash/refuse),
 hazardous waste,
 wastewater (such as sewage, which contains bodily
wastes,or surface runoff),
 radioactive waste, and others.

8. POLLUTION

9. AIR
POLLUTION
Smog
Ozone Depletion
Acid Rain

10. WATER
POLLUTION
Oil spills
fertilizers
Improper disposal of rubbish
into river
Untreated sewage

11. Bioaccumulation is the gradual
accumulation of substances, such as
pesticides or other chemicals, in an
organism.
Biomagnification, also known as bio
amplification or biological magnification, is
any concentration of a toxin, such as
pesticides, in the tissues of tolerant
organisms at successively higher levels in a
food chain.

12. LAND
POLLUTION
Solid wastes
Landfills

13. The use of chemical pesticides (insecticides to kill insects, herbicides to
kill weeds, fungicides to kill fungi (DDT’s) ) effectively alters the "balance of nature" exemplified by the
various models (food chains, webs, etc) used to explain the transfer of organic material from one
trophic level to another, but due to concentration effects it may have extremely profound effects on
whole ecosystems.
Although farmers' and growers' first reaction in such a situation may be to use chemical methods to kill
these pests (using chemical pesticides), there are several risks:
- the (food) product may be contaminated, e.g. pesticides on/in food
- pesticides may be passed up the food chain, with unforeseen consequences, contaminating other
environments
- pesticides are non-specific, and may affect "useful" species
- pests may still survive, e.g. due to being missed by the pesticide spray
- pests may develop resistance to pesticides, so they are unaffected and pass this on to their offspring
- pesticides cost money, which adds to the cost of the food

14. Deforestation is the removal of a
forest where the land is thereafter
converted to a non-forest use.
Deforestation occurs for many
reasons:
used or sold as fuel,
used as pasture for livestock,
plantations of commodities,
Housing projects
Road constructions etc..
,

15. Poor Farming Practices
Humans are causing a lot of stress to land
resources due to the over-reliance on food
production for daily nutritional requirements.
Poor irrigation practices, for example, is a key
contributing factor to salinization and alkalization
of the soil that sustains plant growth. Poor soil
management practices and the use of heavy
machinery and farming equipment also destroy
the soil structure making it unsuitable for plant
growth. Some farming practices such as
excessive use of pesticides, fungicides, and
herbicides equally kill important soil micro-
organisms that are essential in replenishing
nutrients in the soil.

16. OVERUSE OF NATURAL
RESOURCES

18. Extraction and the use of natural resources are the backbone of the
national economy. However, the great danger posed by natural resources exploitation is a
problem; factors such as economic development, population growth and urbanization invariably
place greater demands on the planet and stretch the use of natural resources to the maximum.
Use of the natural resources at a rate higher than nature’s capacity to restore itself can result to
environmental degradation, ecological disturbances, destruction of natural flora and fauna,
pollution, global warming and desertification.
Everything on our planet are interconnected and
while the nature supplies us with valuable environmental services without which we cannot exist,
we all depends on each other’s actions and the way we treat our natural resources. It’s widely
recognized that we are overspending our natural resources. Perhaps, we should adopt a holistic
view of nature that it is not an entity that exists differently from us, we are an inalienable part of it
and we should care for it in the most appropriate manner by development of effective strategies,
policy formulation, sustainability and plans to maintain the balance between resource usage and
conservation, only then can we possibly solve the environmental problems.
CONCLUSION

19. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!