Human rights
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This document outlines 3 generations of human rights and discusses positive and negative rights. The first generation are civil and political rights. The second are economic, social and cultural rights. The third are a mixed group of additional rights. Positive rights are obligations of a state to protect and fulfill rights, while negative rights are freedoms from interference by the state. International organizations that support and enforce human rights include the International Criminal Court, United Nations, and non-governmental organizations like Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch.
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Human rights are basic liberties and institutions that belong to all people regardless of factors like status or ethnicity in order to guarantee human dignity. While human rights have historically been violated, organizations like the United Nations and Amnesty International work to establish international agreements protecting human rights and seek justice for rights violations. Amnesty International specifically opposes retaliation or torture against aggressors.
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Human dignity, rights, and the common good are essential principles that recognize the inherent worth of every human being. All people are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Human dignity involves respecting individuals and protecting them from humiliation, degradation, dehumanization, and objectification. Upholding human rights requires respecting civil, political, social, economic, and the rights of the accused. The common good involves establishing conditions for all members of society to fulfill themselves through public order, prosperity, and intellectual and moral well-being.
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The document discusses the conditions that facilitate empire expansion, including new technology, cheap labor, capital accumulation, and foreign market development. It also examines the rationalizations used for empire, such as race, Christianity, and the pursuit of money and wealth. Empire expansion is facilitated by factors like technology and economics, while being rationalized through ideas around race, religion, and financial motivations.
The united nations & transnational feminist organizations
The document discusses the history and evolution of international feminism and women's rights issues from 1880 to present. It traces the origins of activism among elite colonial men and women and the rise of anti-colonial nationalism. It then outlines major UN conferences on women's issues from 1945-1985 and the growing diversity of perspectives represented. Key issues addressed have expanded from initial focuses on suffrage, peace and education to include poverty, violence, work, war and human rights. Landmark agreements like CEDAW aimed to promote women's rights, as discussions shifted power from Western to global Southern voices beginning in 1985.
Third world feminism
The document discusses different terms used to describe divisions in the world based on economic development and geography. It also examines the differences between Western feminism and indigenous or Third World feminisms, exploring concepts like hegemonic feminism, oppositional consciousness, and tactical subjectivity. Third Wave and Third World feminisms are situated within discussions of transnational public spheres, globalization, and technology.
Feminist & queer theory 101
This document discusses key concepts in feminist thought and queer theory, including performativity, the heterosexual matrix, critiques of queer theory from feminists, and possibilities of queer theory in rethinking norms. It also provides historical context for waves of feminist thought from the 19th century to today and discusses benefits and drawbacks of the wave metaphor.
Sample presentation
This short document outlines a sample presentation with two slides. Slide 1 introduces the beginning of the presentation. Slide 2 continues the presentation content without providing any additional details about the information contained in each slide. The document gives a high-level overview of a basic two slide presentation structure without substantive content.
Real women have curves (2002)
Real Women Have Curves is a 2002 film directed by Patricia Cardoso that was produced by HBO and released theatrically after success at the Sundance Film Festival. It is based on a play by Josefina López that explores female subjectivity and intersectionality through the perspectives of the main characters Ana and Estella, examining issues of class, gender, and ethnicity.
Women & work rev
This document provides a history of women's participation in the labor force from pre-industrial times through today. It discusses how women's roles shifted from work inside the home historically to greater participation in the public workforce during World War II. While three-quarters of women now work full-time, they still face issues like a gender wage gap, occupational segregation, and underrepresentation in leadership roles. The text also reviews related topics such as legal protections and challenges, welfare policies, and debates around affirmative action that have impacted women's work.
Women and medicine
The document discusses issues related to women's health, including how medical research and treatment have historically been biased and focused on men. It also discusses how women's health movements have sought to address stereotyping, medicalization of natural bodily processes, and equity issues in healthcare quality and access. The medicalization of women's health refers to defining normal bodily functions as medical issues requiring treatment and authority.
Women and mental illness
The document discusses how gender expectations placed on women can negatively impact mental health, as traits considered feminine were historically also viewed as signs of mental illness. In the 1800s, women experiencing hysteria were thought to have a wandering womb, and the suggested treatment was rest. Betty Friedan's book The Feminine Mystique explored how societal pressures created a problem for women that had no name.
Women and addiction
Women are more susceptible to addiction and the negative consequences of substance abuse according to statistics. They intoxicate faster than men from alcohol and experience consequences sooner and more severely. More young girls aged 12-17 use various harmful drugs like cocaine, crack, and abuse prescription drugs than boys. Women are turning to substances like alcohol, smoking, and drugs to cope with lack of control, body image issues, and as a way to cope with life stresses.
On being a citizen
Dr. Sarah Rainey discusses the concept of citizenship and who counts as a citizen. She notes that citizenship is influenced by race, gender, class, and other factors. Additionally, she explores how state actions and policies can have different impacts on men and women. Dr. Rainey also examines the historical connections between concepts of "civilization", masculinity, and femininity as well as the public and private spheres.
Beauty & body modification
This document discusses various topics related to beauty, body modification, and empowerment. It covers female genital mutilation/cutting, plastic surgery procedures like labiaplasty and rhinoplasty, cosmetic products containing potentially harmful chemicals, hair products containing coal tar and other chemicals, and considers when body modifications can be a source of expression, empowering, or harmful practices.
Eating disorders
Eating disorders like anorexia, bulimia, yo-yo dieting, overeating and over-exercising affect millions of women in the US each year. There are several models that attempt to explain the root causes of eating disorders, including biological factors, psychological issues, and sociocultural influences from popular culture and responses to injustice and abuse. Experts disagree on the exact causes but most agree it involves a complex interplay of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors.
The waves
The document discusses the drawbacks of categorizing feminist thought and activism into "waves". While the wave model provides a convenient shorthand, it oversimplifies the issues by focusing only on Western experiences, implying linear progress between waves, and questions who belongs to each wave as many issues span generations. The waves also described are: first wave from the mid-1800s to 1920 focused on suffrage; second wave from the 1960s to 1980s on reproductive rights and pay equity; and third wave from the 1990s to present on sexuality and pop culture.
History of feminist activism
The document outlines the history of feminist activism starting in the 19th century, mentioning several prominent early female reformers involved in the temperance, abolition, labor, and suffrage movements. It then lists the key organizations formed over time in the fight for women's suffrage, culminating in the National Woman's Party in 1912.
Disability and impairment
This document discusses critiques of the social model of disability and debates around terminology related to disability, race, sex, and gender. It touches on the physical/biological and social construction aspects of these concepts and critiques the binary of viewing them as solely biological or social influences. It also raises questions around the use of terms like "disability" versus person-first language.
Medicalization and manufacturing health
Dr. Sarah Rainey questions where to draw the line between health and sickness and what defines intelligence. She argues that normal bodily processes are increasingly seen as diseases requiring medical treatment rather than natural variations.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Editor's Notes
- Public and civil rights---”first generation rights”