1. Shigraf Ma’am
Lecture No.- 01
Chapter - Human Resources
UMANG 2024
For class 8th students
• Subject - Geography
2. Topics to be Covered
Topic
Topic
Introduction – Importance of HRD-PMKVY
Distribution of population: Pattern
Density of population
Factors affecting distribution of population: geographical, social,
cultural and economic
Topic
Topic
3. Human Resource
“Human resource”- the ultimate resource because Nature’s
bounty becomes significant only when people find it useful.
It is the people with their demands and abilities that turn them
into “resources”.
4. Like other resources, human resource too not equally
distributed over the world. They differ in their educational
levels, age and sex.
Their numbers and characteristics also keep changing.
Ministry of HRD was created in 1985 with an aim to improve
people’s skills, which indicates its importance as a resource.
6. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
Started in 2015.
Aim- to train one crore Indian youth from 2016 to 2020.
Objective-to encourage aptitude towards employable
skills by giving quality training to probable and existing
wage earners.
8. Distribution of Population
More than 90% of the world’s population lives in about 30% of
the land surface.
Distribution of population is uneven- Some areas are very
crowded- South east Asia, Europe and north eastern North
America.
Some are sparely populated- High latitude areas, tropical
deserts, high mountains and equatorial forest areas.
9. Bulk of the people live north of the equator than
south of the equator.
Almost 3/4 of the world’s population live in only
two continents- Asia and Africa.
60% of the world’s population live in just 10
countries and all of them have more than 100
million population.
10. Asia- 61%
Africa- 13%
Europe- 12%
Central and south America- 8%
Northern America- 5%
Oceania- 1%
(Australia, New Zealand and The
pacific Island)
11. Most populous country- India- 142.86 crore
Second highest- China- 142.57 Crore
14. Factors affecting distribution of population
Geographical Factors
(i) Topography:- People prefer to live on plains rather
than mountains and plateaus because land is suitable
for farming, manufacturing and service activities- Ex.
Ganga plains are densely populated while Andes, Alps
and Himalayas are sparsely populated.
15. (ii) Climate: People usually avoids extreme climate i.e. very
hot and very cold. For ex- Sahara desert, Polar regions
of Russia, Canada and Antarctica.
(iii) Soil: Fertile soil-Densely populated. For ex- plains of
Ganga and Brahmaputra river, Nile in Egypt.
16. (iv) Water: Areas where fresh water is easily available. For
ex- River valley densely populated, while deserts
sparsely populated.
(v) Minerals: Areas with mineral deposits more populated.
For ex- Diamond mines of South Africa and oil fields in
middle east countries.
17. Social Factors- Areas having better facilities of housing,
education and health are more densely populated. For ex- Pune.
Cultural Factors- Places with religion or cultural significance
attract people. For ex- Varanasi, Jerusalem, Vatican city.
Economic factors- Industrial areas provides employment
opportunities. For ex- Mumbai, Osaka in Japan are densely
populated.
24. 24
Which ministry was created in 1985 with an aim to improve
people’s skills, which indicates its importance as a resource.
(a)Ministry of health
(b)Ministry of Human Resource
(c) Ministry of education
(d)All of these
