The document provides information about the major human body systems by listing their components and functions. It includes the skeletal system (provides structure and support), muscular system (needed for movement), digestive system (processes food for use by the body), circulatory system (transports materials and regulates temperature), respiratory system (supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide), urinary system (cleans blood and regulates water levels), ear system (organ for hearing and balance), nervous system and brain (controls bodily functions), and eye (organ for detecting light). Each system lists its parts and assigns them colors for identification.

1. Name Color Function
A. The Skeletal System
- provides the framework for the body.
1. Cranium - provides the framework for the body.
2. Mandible (jaw) - gives structure and support.
3. Clavicle (collar bone) - gives structure and support.
4. Scapula (shoulder blade) - protects delicate organs.
5. Sternum (breast bone) - protects delicate organs.
6. Ribs - produces red blood cells.
7. Vertebrae (spine) - produces red blood cells.
8. Pelvis
9. Mystery bone (we forgot to put a #9 on the diagram)
10. Humerus
11. Radius
12. Ulna
13. Carpals
14. Metacarpals
15. Phalanges Assorted colors for
16. Femur each numbered bone.
17. Patella (knee cap)
18. Tibia
19. Fibula
20. Tarsals
21. Metatarsals
B. The Muscular System - needed for all types of movement.
1. Temporalis - produces body all types of movement.
- needed for heat.
2. Masseter - produces body heat.
3. Orbicularis oculi - needed for internal organs to function.
- needed for internal organs to function.
4. Frontalis - includes muscles, ligaments, and tendons.
5. Orbicularis oris 20. Abductor pollecis - needed to pump blood.
- includes muscles, ligaments, and tendons.
6. Sternomastoid 21. Abductor minimi - needed to breath.
7. Trapezius 22. Flexor carpi - protects internal organs.
- needed to pump blood.
8. Deltoid 23. Tensor Fasciae
9. Pectoralis major 24. Illiacus - needed to breath.
10. Biceps 25. Pectineus
11. Triceps 26. Tibialis anterior - protects internal organs.
12. Brachialis 27. Extensor digitorium
13. Brachioradalis 28. Peronaeus longus
14. Serratus 29. Hamstring
15. External oblique 30. Depressor anguli oris Assorted colors for
16. Abdominals 31. Buccinator each numbered muscle.
17. Sartorius 32. Zygomaticus Tendons in yellow.
18. Quadraceps (thigh) 33. Nasalis
19. Gastrocnemius (calf) 34. Sternohyoideus

2. - process food for use by the body.
C. The Digestive System - break food down into usable nutrients.
- make food absorbable by the blood.
- remove waste material from the body.
1. Mouth blue -crush and break food for swallowing.
2. Tongue red - pushes food to back of throat.
3. Salivary Glands yellow - produces saliva for digestion.
4. Epiglottis orange - covers windpipe when swallowing.
5. Esophagus brown - pushes food to stomach.
6. Stomach blue - digests food.
7a. Small Intestine (Duodenum) green - digests food.
7b. Small Intestine (Jejunum) green - digests food.
7c. Small Intestine (Ileum) green - absorbs water and nutrients.
8. Liver red - produces bile (digests fats).
9. Gall Bladder green - stores bile.
10. Common Bile Duct orange - delivers bile to small intestine.
11. Pancreas yellow - produces digestive enzymes.
12. Ascending Colon yellow - completes digestion.
13. Transverse Colon yellow - absorbs water.
14. Descending Colon yellow - compacts waste.
15. Rectum orange - stores waste.
16. Anus orange - waste exits body.
17. Appendix yellow - no apparent function.
D. The Circulatory System - transportation of materials.
- regulation of body temperature.
VEINS outlined in BOLD BLUE (deoxygenated blood) - carries nutrients, antibodies, oxygen to cells.
ARTERIES not in bold RED (oxygenated blood) - removes waste.
1. Heart red (outside) - pumps blood.
1a. Right Atrium blue - receives blue blood from the body.
1b. Left Atrium red - receives red blood from the lungs.
1c. Valves yellow - regulate flow of blood within the heart.
1d. Right Ventricle blue - sends blue blood to the lungs.
1e. Left Ventricle red - sends red blood to the body.
1f. Septum green - separates ventricles.
2. Pulmonary Artery blue - sends blue blood from heart to lungs.
3. Pulmonary Vein red - returns red blood to the heart from lungs.
4. Aorta red - carries red blood to the body.
5. Superior Vena Cava blue - returns blue blood to heart from upper body
6. Inferior Vena Cava blue - returns blue blood to heart from lower body
7. Jugular Vein blue - returns blood to heart from head.
8. Carotid Artery red - carries red blood to the head.
9. Brachial Artery red - carries red blood to arms.
10. Brachial Vein blue - returns blue blood from arms.
11. Femoral Artery red - carries red blood to the legs.
12. Femoral Vein blue - returns blue blood from the legs.

3. - supplies oxygen to the body.
E. The Respiratory System - removes carbon dioxide.
1. Lungs red or pink - transfer oxygen to blood.
1a. Trachea (windpipe) blue - connects lungs to the mouth.
1b. Bronchi blue - connects lungs to trachea.
2. Diaphragm red - muscle that operates lungs.
3. Thyroid Cartilage (Larynx) brown - protects voice box/makes sounds.
4. Epiglottis orange - covers windpipe when swallowing.
5. Hyoid bone yellow - protects throat.
6. Pharynx blue - connects mouth and nose.
F. The Urinary System - cleans blood.
- regulates the amount of water in the body.
1. Kidneys blue - cleans blood and removes water.
2. Renal Artery red - supplies red blood to kidneys.
3. Renal Vein blue - removes blue blood from kidneys.
4. Ureters green - passage for urine from kidneys to bladder.
5. Bladder yellow - holds urine.
6. Urethra orange - urine exits the body.
7. Sphincter Muscle red - opens and closes urethra.
G. The Ear - organ for hearing.
- organ of balance.
1. Wax Producing Gland green - protection for ear.
2. Ear Canal yellow - tunnel for sound.
3. Ear Drum red - detects sound waves.
4. Hammer blue - bone which transfers sound to inner ear.
5. Anvil red - bone which transfers sound to inner ear.
6. Stirrup green - bone which transfers sound to inner ear.
7. Semicircular Canal green - responsible for maintaining balance.
8. Cochlea red - converts sound waves into electrical signals
9. Eustachian Tube purple - equalizes pressure behind ear drum.
10. Middle Ear no color - contains hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
11. Auditory Nerve yellow - carries nerve impulses to brain.

4. H. The Nervous System and Brain - controls breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
- controls movement and coordination.
Color all peripheral nerves ORANGE - controls balance.
- responsible for learning, emotions, and creativity.
1. Spinal cord green -carries impulses between body and brain.
2. Brain Stem blue - controls breathing and heart rate.
3. Cerebellum purple - controls physical coordination.
4. Cerebrum red - receives sensation and controls emotion.
5. Pineal Gland green - produces hormones.
6. Thalamus red - relay station between cerebrum and spine.
7. Corpus Callosum blue - unknown.
8. Hypothalamus green - coordinates nervous and endocrine systems.
9. Pituitary Gland orange - regulates body temperature, growth, and insulin.
10. Taste Center brown - area of brain devoted to taste.
11. Visual Center green - area of brain devoted to sight.
12. Smell Center (olfactory) blue - area of brain devoted to smell.
13. Sensory area red - area of brain devoted to senses.
14. Reading/writing area orange - area of brain devoted to reading and writing.
15. Hearing Area yellow - area of brain devoted to hearing.
16. Speech Area purple - area of brain devoted to speech.
17. Motor Area gray - area of brain devoted to movement.
I The Eye - organ for detecting light.
1.Iris any color - colored part surrounding the pupil.
2. Pupil pink - opening that lets light into your eye.
3. Tear duct to Nose red - drains fluid from the eye.
4. Tear Gland yellow - produces tears.
5. Optic nerve green - carries messages from the eye to the brain
6. Retina red - light is converted to electrical impulses.
7. Lens green - focuses light on the retina.
8. Muscles red - move the eyed
9. Eye Lids green - protects the eye, keeps it moist.
10. Eye Lashes black - keeps dust out of the eye.
11. Cornea clear - protects the lens and the pupil.