overview, definitions of HRM, Scope of HRM, Definition of HRP, Factors Affecting HRP, Requisites for Successful HRP, Job Analysis, Uses of Job Analysis, Job Specification, Job Design, Methods of Job Design Etc

1. Human Resource
Management
HRM is the study of activities regarding people working in an organization. It is a
managerial function that tries to match an organization’s needs to the skills and abilities
of its employees. (HRM) is a Management function concerned with hiring, motivating
and maintaining people in an organization. It focuses on people in organizations. Human
resource management is designing management systems to ensure that human talent is
used effectively and efficiently to accomplish organizational goals.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru- manjunathg.nmkrv@rvei.edu.in

2. Definitions of HRM
According to the Invancevich and Glueck, “HRM is concerned with the most effective
use of people to achieve organizational and individual goals. It is the way of managing
people at work, so that they give their best to the organization”.
According to Dessler (2008) the policies and practices involved in carrying out the
“people” or human resource aspects of a management position, including recruiting,
screening, training, rewarding, and appraising comprises of HRM.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

3. Nature of HRM
HRM is a management function that helps manager’s to recruit, select, train and develop
members for an organization. HRM is concerned with people’s dimension in organizations.
The following constitute the core of HRM
1. HRM Involves the Application of Management Functions and Principles. The functions
and principles are applied to acquiring, developing, maintaining and providing
remuneration to employees in organization.
2. Decision Relating to Employees must be Integrated. Decisions on different aspects of
employees must be consistent with other human resource (HR) decisions.
3. Decisions Made Influence the Effectiveness of an Organization. Effectiveness of an
organization will result in betterment of services to customers in the form of high quality
products supplied at reasonable costs.
4. HRM Functions are not Confined to Business Establishments Only but applicable to non-
business organizations such as education, health care, recreation and like.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

4. Scope of HRM
 Human Resource Planning
 Design of the Organization and Job
 Selection and Staffing
 Training and Development
 Organizational Development
 Compensation and Benefits
 Employee Assistance
 Union/ Labour Relations
 Personnel Research and Information System
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

5. Objectives of HRM
1) Societal Objectives: seek to ensure that the organization becomes socially
responsible to the needs and challenges of the society while minimizing the negative
impact of such demands upon the organization. The failure of the organizations to use
their resources for the society’s benefit in ethical ways may lead to restriction.
2) Organizational Objectives: it recognizes the role of HRM in bringing about
organizational effectiveness. It makes sure that HRM is not a standalone department,
but rather a means to assist the organization with its primary objectives. The HR
department exists to serve the rest of the organization.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

6. Objectives of HRM
3) Functional Objectives: is to maintain the department’s contribution at a level
appropriate to the organization’s needs. Human resources are to be adjusted to suit
the organization’s demands. The department’s value should not become too expensive
at the cost of the organization it serves.
4) Personnel Objectives: it is to assist employees in achieving their personal goals, at
least as far as these goals enhance the individual’s contribution to the organization.
Personal objectives of employees must be met if they are to be maintained, retained
and motivated. Otherwise employee performance and satisfaction may decline giving
rise to employee turnover.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

7. Other Objectives of HRM
1) Human capital : assisting the organization in obtaining the right number and types
of employees to fulfill its strategic and operational goals
2) Developing organizational climate: helping to create a climate in which
employees are encouraged to develop and utilize their skills to the fullest and to
employ the skills and abilities of the workforce efficiently
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

8. Other Objectives of HRM
3) Helping to maintain performance standards and increase productivity through
effective job design; providing adequate orientation, training and development;
providing performance-related feedback; and ensuring effective two-way
communication.
4) Helping to establish and maintain a harmonious employer/employee relationship
5) Helping to create and maintain a safe and healthy work environment
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

9. Other Objectives of HRM
6) To provide organization with well-trained and well-motivated employees
9) To increase the employees satisfaction and self-actualization
10) To develop and maintain the quality of work life
11) To communicate HR policies to all employees.
12) To help maintain ethical polices and behavior.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

10. Functions of HRM
1. Strategic HR Management
2. Equal Employment Opportunity
3. Staffing
4. Talent Management and Development
5. Total Rewards
6. Risk Management and Worker Protection
7. Employee and Labour Relations
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

11. Role of HR Managers
 To develop a thorough knowledge of corporate culture, plans and policies.
 To act as an internal change agent and consultant
 To initiate change and act as an expert and facilitator
 To actively involve in company’s strategy formulation
 To keep communication line open between the HRD function and individuals and
groups both within and outside the organization
 To identify and evolve HRD strategies in consonance with overall business strategy.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

12. Role of HR Managers
 To facilitate the development of various organizational teams and their working
relationship with other teams and individuals.
 To try and relate people and work so that the organization objectives are achieved
efficiently and effectively.
 To diagnose problems and determine appropriate solution particularly in the
human resource areas.
 To provide co-ordination and support services for the delivery of HRD programmes
and services
 To evaluate the impact of an HRD intervention or to conduct research so as to
identify, develop or test how HRD In general has improved individual and
organizational performance
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

13. Principles of HRM
 Grievance Handling
 Human Resources Service Delivery
 Induction and On-boarding
 Industrial Relations
 Occupational Health and Safety
 Organizational Development
 Performance Management
 Recruitment and Selection
 Training and Development Programs
 Workforce Planning
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

14. Ethical Aspects of HRM
The Ethics of Human Resource Management covers those ethical issues arising around the
employer-employee relationship, such as the rights and duties owed between employer
and employee.
 Discrimination issues include discrimination on the bases of age gender, race, religion,
 Disabilities weight and attractiveness.
 Issues surrounding the representation of employees and the democratization of the
workplace.
 Issues affecting the privacy of the employee.
 Issues affecting the privacy of the employer.
 Issues relating to the fairness of the employment contract and the balance of power
between employer and employee.
 Occupational Safety and Health
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

15. Module 2
Human Resource Planning
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

16. Definitions
 According to Gordon Mc Beath, “HRP is concerned with two things: Planning of
manpower requirements and Planning of Manpower supplies”.
 According to Beach, “HRP is a process of determining and assuming that the
organization will have an adequate number of qualified persons, available at
proper times, performing jobs which meet the needs of the enterprise and which
provides satisfaction for the individuals involved”
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

17. Factors Affecting HRP
 Type and Strategy of the Organization.
 Organizational Growth Cycles and Planning.
 Environmental Uncertainties.
 Time Horizons.
 Type and Quality of information.
 Nature of Jobs Being Filled.
 Outsourcing.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

18. HRP Planning
 Environmental Scanning:
 Organizational Objectives and Policies:
 HR Demand Forecast:
 HR Supply Forecast:
 HR Programming:
 HR Plan Implementation:
 Control and Evaluation:
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

19. Requisites for Successful HRP
 HRP must be recognized as an integral part of corporate planning.
 Support of top management is essential .
 There should be some centralization with respect to HRP responsibilities in order
to have co-ordination between different levels of management.
 Organization records must be complete, up to date and readily available.
 Techniques used for HR planning should be those best suited to the data
available and degree of accuracy required.
 Data collection, analysis, techniques of planning and the plan themselves need to
be constantly revised and improved in the light of experience.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

20. Job Analysis
 Job:
A job may be defined as a “collection or aggregation of tasks, duties and
responsibilities which as a whole, are regarded as a regular assignment to individual
employees,” and which is different from other assignments, In other words, when the
total work to be done is divided and grouped into packages, we call it a “job.” Each
job has a definite title based upon standardized trade specifications within a job; two
or more grades may be identified, where the work assignment may be graded
according to skill, the difficulty of doing them, or the quality of workmanship. Thus, it
may be noted that a position is a “collection o tasks and responsibilities regularly
assigned to one person;” while a job is a “group of position, which involve essentially
the same duties, responsibilities, skill and knowledge.” A position consists of a
particular set of duties assigned to an individual.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

21. Definitions of Job Analysis
 According to Michael L. Jucius, “Job analysis refers to the process of studying the
operations, duties and organizational aspects of jobs in order to derive
specifications or as they called by some, job descriptions.”
 According to DeCenzo and P. Robbins, “A job analysis is a systematic exploration of
the activities within a job. It is a basic technical procedure, one that is used to
define the duties, responsibilities, and accountabilities of a job.”
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

22. Job description/ Job Specification
 Job description is the immediate product of job analysis process; the data
collected through job analysis provides a basis for job description and job
specification.
 Job Description: is a written record of the duties, responsibilities and requirements
of a particular job. It is concerned with the job itself and not with the job holders.
It is a statement describing the job in such terms as its title, location, duties,
working conditions and hazards.
 The job specification states the minimum acceptable qualifications that the
incumbent must possess to perform the job successfully. Based on the
information acquired through job analysis, the job specification identifies the
knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to do the job effectively
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

23. Uses of Job Analysis
 Achievement of Goals:
 Organizational Design:
 Organization and Manpower Planning:
 Recruitment and Selection:
 Placement and Orientation:
 Employee Training and Management Development:
 Job Evaluation and Compensation:
 Performance Appraisal:
 Employee Counselling:
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

24. Job Specification should Include
 Physical characteristics, which include health, strength, endurance, age, height,
weight, vision, voice, eye, hand and foot co-ordination, motor co-ordination, and
colour discrimination.
 Psychological and social characteristics such as emotional stability, flexibility,
decision making ability, analytical view, mental ability, pleasing manners, initiative,
conversational ability etc.
 Mental Characteristics such as general intelligence, memory, judgement, ability
to concentrate, foresight etc.
 Personal Characteristics such as sex, education, family background, job
experience, hobbies, extracurricular activities etc.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

25. Job Design
 Job design is of comparatively recent origin. The human resource managers have
realized that the design of a job has considerable influence on the productivity
and job satisfaction; poorly designed jobs often result in boredom to the
employees, increased turnover, job dissatisfaction, low productivity and an
increase in overall costs of the organization. All these negative consequences can
be avoided with the help of proper job design.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru

26. Methods of Job Design
 Job Simplification: In job simplification, the complete job is broken down into
small subparts; this is done so that employee can do these jobs without much
specialized training. Moreover, small operations of the job can also be performed
simultaneously so that the complete operation can be done more quickly. For job
simplification, generally time and motion studies are used.
 Job Rotation: Another technique designed to enhance employee motivation is
job rotation, or periodically assigning employees to alternating jobs or tasks.
 Job Enlargement: Another means of increasing employee’s satisfaction with
routine jobs is job enlargement, or increasing the number of tasks performed (i.e.
increasing the scope of the job). Job enlargement, like job rotation, tries to
eliminate short job cycles that create boredom.
Prof.Manjunath.G.
NMKRV College For Women
Bengaluru