Presentation given by Bob Tarzey at the Aruba Networks event in partnership with Maindec

1. Sponsor logo
IT Untethered
How wireless is changing the world
May 18th 2016
Bob Tarzey
Analyst and Director
Quocirca Ltd

2. © Quocirca 2016
Wireless drivers
People
on the
move
Internet
of
Things
Wearables
Easy LANs
Home
networks
Café society
Guests
Mobile
devices

3. © Quocirca 2016
Selective history of wireless computing
1960 1980 20001970 1990 20202010
Bell Labs
first cell
phones
Univ. Hawaii
wireless
computer
network
FCC permits
public cell
phones
19.2 KBPS
mobile data
links
Cellular
digital packet
data 19.2
KBPS
Wireless
LANs 1-2
MBPS
Wireless
Andrew
campus wide
network at
Carnegie
Mellon
IEEE
802.11
Wi-Fi
First
commercial
802.11 AP
from Aruba
First Wi-Fi
hack demoed
LPWA
Nokia
launches
public mobile
network in
Finland
802.11ac
2G 3G 4G/LTE1G 5G
IEEE
802.16
WiMAX
802.11i
Wi-Fi chip
sets

4. © Quocirca 2016
Approximate maximum throughput (download)
Maximums are rarely
achieve especially with
cellular
Only with 3*3 streams
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
MBPS
802.11ac Wave 2 > 5MBPS

5. © Quocirca 2016
The bad boys of radio
Shadowing
Reflection
• Multi-path
• Scattering
Interference
Diffraction
Atmospheric refraction
After Dr. Alex Hills

6. © Quocirca 2016
More jargon
• Wi-Fi modes:
– Infrastructure (via access points)
– Ad hoc (peer to peer), Wi-Fi Direct
• Spread spectrum
• Handoff
– AP to AP
– Wi-Fi to cellular (offload)
• Load balancing
• Carrier sense multiple access with collision
avoidance
• Cellular beacons
• Dynamic configuration…..

7. © Quocirca 2016
Variables
Channels
Power- free space
attenuation
Frequencies
Licences
Ownership

8. © Quocirca 2016
Wireless new wave
• Personal area/near field
– Bluetooth/Bluetooth LE/Smart
– ZigBee
– NFC
– Google Thread (household)
• Low Power/Wide Area (LPWA)
– LoRa Alliance - LoRa WAN
– Weightless-N/W
– Thread
– NarrowBand IOT
– Sigfox
– Etc.

9. © Quocirca 2016
Network variety for supporting IoT deployments
17%
21%
27%
36%
49%
55%
22%
22%
18%
23%
23%
26%
28%
29%
31%
20%
14%
10%
33%
28%
24%
21%
14%
9%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
LoRa WAN
Beacons
Bluetooth LE
Proprietary wireless
SP mobile networks
Standard Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11)
Up take of various network types
Using now Will use soon
Not considered See no need/don't know
Source, Quocirca 2015, The Many Guises Of The IoT
http://quocirca.com/content/many-guises-iot

10. © Quocirca 2016
More IoT Considerations
• Scale
– Wearables
– Buildings
– Cities
– National
– Space
• Existing versus new things
• Consumer-facing versus internal
• Static versus mobile deployments
• Planned versus ad hoc

11. © Quocirca 2016
Industry views on impact of IoT
20%
25%
25%
50%
65%
65%
50%
50%
35%
25%
15%
25%
25%
15%
10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Other commercial
Financial services
Manufacturing
Retail
Transport
View on IoT
Major Expectant Sceptics
Source, Quocirca 2015, The Many Guises Of The IoT
http://quocirca.com/content/many-guises-iot

12. © Quocirca 2016
Ad hoc arrival of IoT devices
introduced by users
11%
20%
35%
24%
61%
73%
60%
66%
28%
7%
5%
10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Sceptics
Expectant
Major
OverallViewonIoT
Already happening Likely Unliklely/don't know
Source, Quocirca 2015, The Many Guises Of The IoT
http://quocirca.com/content/many-guises-iot

13. © Quocirca 2016
Potential number of devices involved over the
next 12 months by view on IoT
7%
8%
6%
6%
4%
6%
5%
17%
7%
27%
16%
22%
29%
35%
30%
33%
42%
24%
34%
22%
11%
9%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Sceptics
Expectant
Major
OverallViewonIoT
Exstimated millions/thousands of devices
10M to 100M* 1M to 10M 100K to 1M
10K to 100K 1,000 to 10K < 1,000
Source, Quocirca 2015, The Many Guises Of The IoT
http://quocirca.com/content/many-guises-iot

14. © Quocirca 2016
Growing number of things (Gartner 2015)
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
2014 2015 2016 2020
Millionsofthings
http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3165317
Consumer Business: Cross-Industry
Business: Vertical-Specific Overall

15. © Quocirca 2016
IoT security concerns
0.09
0.15
0.38
0.42
0.44
0.47
0.59
0.66
0.88
0.9
1.02
0 0.5 1
Open source hacker tools
Insecure devices delivered…
Devices recruited to botnets
Devices used as ingress points
Employee privacy
IoT firmware/APIs vulnerable
Ownership of the data
IoT business processes vulnerable
Regulatory controls
IoT expands attack surface
Customer privacy
Average score - max = 3
Source, Quocirca 2015, The Many Guises Of The IoT
http://quocirca.com/content/many-guises-iot

16. © Quocirca 2016
Wireless downsides
Security
Compliance
Over the top (for carriers)
Societal impacts (TV everywhere)

17. © Quocirca 2016
• Built in security
– 802.11i
• Protecting your network
– Employee devices
– External users
– Hackers
• Protecting your assets
– Employees on public networks
– Devices
– Data
Security

18. © Quocirca 2016
Protecting your network with NAC
• NAC = Network Access Control
• IEEE 802.1X agents or agentless?
• Known (managed), unknown and rogue devices
• Device health checks
– Software up to date
– Device security in place
– Logging services active
• Permit, limit or deny access
• Maintain audit trails

19. © Quocirca 2016
Wi-Fi and protecting assets
• Data, devices and employees
• Policy-based access
– Network access type
– Hotspot providers
– Router types
– Location analysis
• Bring you own – devices/apps/services
• Technologies
– Agents and VPNs
– “Traditional” anti-malware
– Enterprise mobility management (EMM)
– Apps
– Isolation

20. © Quocirca 2016
Compliant Wi-Fi
Public Wi-Fi hotspots
• Copyright infringement/illegal activity
– UK Digital Economy Act 2010
• Data protection
– EU General Data Protection Regulation
• Data retention
– Data Retention Regulations (2009 EU Directive)
– UK Regulatory and Investigatory Powers Act
(RIPA)
Within business
• Compliant end-points
• Compliance reporting
• Employee “monitoring”

21. © Quocirca 2016
Deployment of security measures by
view on IoT
50%
44%
28%
17%
17%
22%
47%
33%
33%
29%
38%
36%
46%
43%
41%
30%
35%
46%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Regular scanning of devices
Mitigation of DoS attacks
Scanning device firmware
Pattern matching to identify
anomalous behaviour
Hub and spoke IoT
Closed IP networks (intranet of
things)
% saying already in place
Major
Expecta
nt

22. © Quocirca 2016
The future summarised
~65M hotspots in 2015; over 400M
predicted by 2020
1.7B Wi-Fi connected tablet/PCs by
2020 (3 x cellular), ~5-7B
smartphones/phones
20B+++ things by 2020?
Wi-Fi is now a utility expectation – and
therefore not a differentiator
802.11ac WAVE-2 (with MU-MIMO)
More Wi-Fi initiatives:
More cellular offload > HetNet
Hotspot 2.0/802.11u
Homespots > community hotspots
Augmented reality
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
802.11n(2007)
WiMAX(2011)
5G(2020?)
802.11ac(2013)
802.11acWave2
MBPS

23. © Quocirca 2016
Thank you
– Bob Tarzey
– Service Director, Quocirca
– Bob.Tarzey@Quocirca.com
– +44 7900 275517