The document analyzes electoral manipulation that occurred during the 2009 Afghan presidential election. It identifies key actors, including candidates Karzai, Abdullah, and Bashardost, as well as ethnic groups and external bodies. It finds evidence that Karzai rigged the election through ballot stuffing, voter interference, and intimidation, disproportionately benefiting himself in Pashtun districts. Statistical analysis supports findings of manipulation in Karzai's favor. The conclusion offers recommendations to Karzai on how to better rig future elections.