How do epigenetic effects on gene regulation differ from non-epigenetic effects? a. Epigenetic effects include the presence and levels of transcription factors in the cell. b. Epigenetic effects change chromatin structure by DNA methylation, histone acetylation and methylation, and regulation by non-coding RNAs. c. Epigenetic effects, once established, are typically maintained through repeated rounds of cell division. d. Both B and C are correct. e. Both A and C are correct..